B.

Written Communication
Written Communication
 Reading makes a full man, writing an exact man, conference a ready man -Francis
Bacon, English Writer

External Communication Strategy

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I
Chain
FORMAL COMMUNICATION
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Efforts at coordination

Top Level Management

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Middle Level Management
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Lower Level Management
个
Workers/Employees
 GENERAL MANAGER D
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SECTION MANAGERS
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VERTICAL COMMUNICATION

Subordinates
Subordinates
FigzV^rfieBl Cbminu nieafion

Figure: The flow of Horizontal communication

 Horizontal
Communication

VERBAL 35%

NONVERBAL 65%
Fadal Expressions
Tone of Voice
Movement
Appearance Eye Contact
Gestures
Posture
 Cov\Filence RelauxecL Trustworthy Strengtk

Boredom Deception Suspicious

 Passive Aggressive Assertive
Aggressive j
Inappropriately Appropriately
Emotionally honest, direct, honest, direct,
dishonest, expressive,
self-enhancing,
indirect. Self- attacking,
expressive,
denying at first. timing,
selfconfident,
Self-enhancing controlling,
empathic to
at expense of selfenhancing at
expense of emotions of all
others later.
others. involved.

u
“Others' rights and "I subtly make clear \ boldy insist that my I dearly express that
needs take that my rights and rights and needs we both have rights
precedence over needs Drevair nrevair, and needs”
mfne”

GESTURES
VISUAL
COMMUNICATION

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