Prepared by: Altaf Ahmed Sheikh - CSS - 2011

PAKISTAN AFFAIRS
STUDY PLAN

Study Area – I: Evolution of Muslim Society in the Sub-Continent

2007 – Critically evaluate the contribution made by missionaries in the growth of Muslim
society in the Sub-continent of Indo-Pak.

2006 – Describe the most notable feature of Muslims in India in the light of their
monotheistic religion and egalitarian social structure.

2005 – Summarize the political scene of the sub continent at the opening of the eighteenth
century.

2004 – Analyze the factors responsible for degeneration of Muslim society in 18th century?

2003 – Discuss the role and efforts of Muslim religions leaders for the establishment of
Muslim Society in the Sub-Continent.

2002 – Briefly describe the evolution of Muslim society in the sub-continent.

2001 - Briefly describe the evolution of Muslim Society in the Subcontinent from 1206
onwards and analyze its downfall after the 17th century.

2000 - Give an account of the evolution of the Muslim society in the sub-continent from 1206
to 1526 A.D.

Area of Focus
Life in sub-continent before the arrival of Arabs Muslims.
Influx of Muslims from South, Sindh and North in the subcontinent
Missionaries/Invaders/Rulers in the sub-continent & its vicinities
 Four Sufi Silsila ( Suhrwardiya, Qadriya, Naqshbandya, Chisthiya )
Evolution of a Muslim Society & its dynamics
Downfall and Deformation of Muslim Society/Rule in Sub-continent & its factors.

Study Area – III: Personalities and Reformist Movements

2010 - Aligarh and Deoband movements had great contrast in their views and mission and
their leaders were at daggers drawn with each other. Discuss.

2010 – Shah Waliullah realized "The renaissance of Islam and Muslim Society can not be
affected until the intellectual life of the Muslims is re-oriented." Discuss Critically.

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2009 – What specific steps were initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan which later on became the
agenda points of the movement for Pakistan? How did these steps orient the Political system
in Pakistan?

2009 – Keeping in view the diverse Muslim reformist Movements of the subcontinent,
delineate the sequential unity in the formulation of the ideology of Pakistan.

2008 – What influence Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi has left on the history of Muslims of India?
Discuss critically.

2008 - Aligarh Movement injected a new life in the dead body of the Muslim nation and
helped to regain its lost glory and prestige. Discuss.

2007 – The Deoband School stood for "definite religio-political goals with limited sphere of
influence." Discuss.

2005 – Critically evaluate the contribution of fraizi movement in the life of Muslims in the
sub continent.

2004 – 'Aligarh is arsenal of Muslim India'(Quaid-e-Azam). Narrate briefly the role of

Aligarh for the cause of the muslims of the Subcontinent with special reference to the final
phase of their independence?

2002 - The Ulemas of Nadwah attempted to make a synthesis of Modernism of Aligarh and
Conversation of Deoband in their syllabus. Discuss.

2002 – State the reasons Sir Syed advanced to the Indian Muslims to eschew politics. To
what extent he was successful?

2001 - "Basically educational in character, the Aligarh Movement was not devoid of
political objectives". Discuss.

2001 – Discuss the salient aspects of Shah Waliullah's Movement and analyze its impact on
the Muslims of the Subcontinent.

Area of Focus
Sheikh Ahmed Sirhandi
 His life, works & struggle for cause of Muslims
Shah Waliullah
 His life, works and ideologies.
 His Movement & Its impact on Muslims of sub-continent.
Syed Ahmed Shaheed and his Jihadi Movement

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Haji Sharee’tullah and his faraizi Movement.

Sir Syed Ahmed
 His life, works and multifarious struggle.
 Contribution in enlightening Muslims socially, politically & educationally.
Aligarh Movement
 Origin, ideology, missions, dignitaries, contributions towards cause of
Muslims.
Deoband Movemnt (Dar-ul-uloom Deoband)
 Origin, Purpose, ideology, scholars, struggle for cause of Muslims.
N.B => Aligarh v/s Deoband : A comparison & contrast between the two.
Nadwat-e-Ulema

Study Area – IV: Events of Freedom Movement

2009 - Illustrate the role of Quaid-e-Azam for protecting the constitutional rights of Muslims
of the subcontinent from 1916-1933?

2008 - Proposals of “Cabinet Mission” (1946) could defer the establishment of Pakistan, if
accepted by Muslim League. Evaluate Critically.

2008 – Quaid-e-Azam was the ambassador of “Hindu-Muslim Unity”. Discuss it in

perspective of Lukhnow Pact and what future vision depicted from the pact?

2007 – Minto-Morely Reform was a "tool of change" in the political system of India. Discuss
it with special reference to the demands of Simla Deputation.

2007 – Elucidate Ideology of Pakistan. What are the reasons which contributed for the
development of two-nation-theory? Is two-nation-theory relevant after the fall of Dacca?
Discuss.

2006 – Discuss the role of Muslim Majority provinces in the establishment of Pakistan.

2005 – Examine Allama Iqbal’s concept of Muslim Nationalism in the light of Allahabad
address.

2004 - "Between 1937-1947 congress policies were such as to make Pakistan inevitable'.
Discuss.

2004 - Trace the course of khilafat movement and assess its significance for the development
of Muslim nationalism?

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2004 – Account for emergence of All India Muslim League and assess its importance in Indian
politics during 1906-1913?

2003 - Examine the nature of Congress rule in the Provinces under the Government of India
Act, 1935. What was its impact on the Muslim Politics?

2003 – Discuss the ideological foundations of the "Two Nations Theory? With reference to
the contributions of Dr. Iqbal and the Quaid-i-Azam.

2002 – The Quaid-e-Azam was against the performance of “a surgical operation” on the
provinces because such a step would be a dangerous proposition and would “let loose
terrible forces”. In the light of the statement, discuss the division of the Punjab and Bengal.

2001 - Make a critical comparison of the Nehru Report and the Quaid-e-Azam's Fourteen
Points.

2000 - Evaluate the policies of the Cripps Mission. To what extent were these policies
favorable for the Muslims of the sub-continent?

2000 - Analyze the significance of Lahore Resolution in the History of freedom movement.

Area of Focus
Indian Act of 1892
Partition of Benagl 16 October; 1905
Shimla Deputation 1st October; 1906
Formation of All India Muslim League 31st December; 1906
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909
Annulment of Bengal 12th December; 1911
 Delhi Durbar of 1911
 Reaction of Muslims on the Annulment of Bengal
Lucknow Pact 1916
 World War- I : (1914-1918)
 Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
Chelmsford-Montagu Reforms 1919
Indian Act of 1919
 Elections of 1920 and 1923
Khilafat Movement 1919-1922
Muslim League Resolution of 1924
Nehru Report 1928
All India Muslim Conference, Delhi. (Delhi Proposals) 1929
Quaid-e-Azam’s Fourteen Points, 20th March; 1927
Simon Commission May; 1930
Round Table Conferences 1930-1932 at London, England.
 1st Session, 12th November; 1930

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 Gandhi-Irwin Pact, 5th March,1931

 2nd Session, 7th September; 1931
 Communal Award 1932
 3rd Session, 17th November; 1932.
Indian Act of 1935
Elections of 1937
 Congress Ministries July; 1937 – October; 1939
 All India Muslim League Annual Session, 1938, held at Patna.
Lahore Resolution, 23rd March; 1940
Cripps Mission 30th March; 1942
Jinnah-Gandhi Talks (1940-1944)
Simla Conference
Elections of 1945
 Muslim League Legislators’ Convention, April 1946
Cabinet Mission, 24th March;1946
Role of Majority Provinces in Establishment of Pakistan
Interim Government 1946
3rd June Plan (Lord Mountbatten)
Radcliffe Award, 8th July; 1947
 Partition of Bengal and Punjab
Independence Act, 14th July; 1947
Transfer of Power
Two-Nation Theory
 Reasons for Two-Nation Theory
 Validation of Two-Nation Theory after Fall of Dacca
Ideology of Pakistan
Role of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah (25 Dec; 1876 – 11 Sept; 1948)
 As an Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity
 As consolidator of Nascent State of Pakistan
Allama Muhammad Iqbal (9 Nov; 1877 – 21 April; 1938)

Study Area – V: Post-partition Events Development/Issues/Problems

2010 – How far is it correct to say Quaid-e-Azam consolidated the nascent state of Pakistan?
Comment.

2006 – Assess the account for the problems which Quaid-e-Azam had to face as Governor
General of Pakistan.

2003 - The so-called 'Instrument of Accession' of Bharat with Kashmir "is fraudulent and
impossible to accept" as it is "based on violence". In the light of the Quaid-i-Azam’s statement
make a comparison and correlation of the State of Jammu and Kashmir with the State of
Junagadh, Manavadhar, Mangrol, Sardargarh, Bantva and Hyderabad etc.

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2003 - To what extent the version of Francis Mudie was true that "the greatest danger* to
Pakistan in 1947 was "the refugee problem in West Punjab" and how did the Policy-makers
of Pakistan respond to it?

2003 - “Muhammad Ali Formula was practicable compromise between the two wings of
Pakistan on the questions of representation.” To what extent, it was acceptable to both the
wings of Pakistan?

2003 – As a result of British-Hindu conspiracy on the eve of independence the State of

Pakistan winch ultimately emerged in August 1947, was not so strong as visualized by the
Quaid-e-Azam but only a "mutilated", ^moth-eaten* and "truncated" Pakistan. Elucidate.

2002 - Why ONE-UNIT was created and subsequently abolished? Explain.

2000 - Analyze the main causes of the debacle of East Pakistan. What are its consequences on
the history of Pakistan?

2000 - Give a critical appraisal of the constitutional crisis during the period of Governor
General Ghulam Mohammad. Write its effects on the subsequent history of Pakistan.

Area of Focus
Early Problems of Pakistan
 Administrative Problems
 Financial Constraints
 Refugees Problems
 Constitutional Crisis
 Territorial Disputes
 Canal Water Dispute
 Kashmir Dispute
Delay in Constitution Making in various eras till 1973.
Separation of West Pakistan (Bangladesh)
Creation and Abolition of ONE Unit.

Study Area – VI: Ongoing Problem/Issues & Developmental Projects

2010 - Compare and contrast the resistance movement of East Pakistan with the present
movement of Balochistan. Suggest remedies.

2010 – What is meant by National Reconciliation? What are its ingredients? Can we equate
National Reconciliation with National Reconciliation Ordinance?

2009 - In spite of strong research base, rich lands, reasonable water resources and various
land reforms why agriculture remained less developed in Pakistan?

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2009 – Compare and contrast the dynamics of recent civil society Movement with other
movements in the history of Pakistan? What impact would it print on Future of Pakistan?

2008 - What are principal industries of Pakistan and what problems Government of Pakistan
is facing for its industrial development?

2008 – What is “Judicial Activism”? Has it brought Pak-Judiciary in the state of morality in
the recent past? Give suggestion for the independence of Judiciary.

2006 - Describe the distribution of Iron and Steel industry of Pakistan. Evaluate its role in
the industrial development of the country.

2006 – Summarize the government measures to improve the agricultural productivity in the
light of introducing new irrigation projects.

2005 – Account for the initial concentration of agro based industry in the manufacturing belt
of Pakistan.

2004 - Throw light on the steps taken under various Governments for the promulgation of
Islamic system in the country?

2004 – What do you know about water crisis in Pakistan? Also suggest concrete steps for its
solution.

2002 – What are the problems of industrialization in Pakistan? How they can be solved?

2001 – Write an analytical essay on the growth of population in Pakistan after Independence
and underscore its effects on the country's socioeconomic climate.

2000 - Discuss Corruption as number one problem of Pakistan. What practicable and feasible
steps should be taken to eradicate this menace.

Area of Focus
Nuclear Cooperation With China
 Civil Nuclear Deal
 Reservations of US and India & its rebuttal
Newest Treaties/Pacts/Agreements/Ratifications
 APTTA
 IP Revived, CORE-100
Floods of Biblical Proportion
 Causes & Implications
 Damage & Relief Statistics
 Effect on Infrastructure, Agriculture & Economy

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Water Crisis/Management in Pakistan

 Its Causes, Effects and Solutions
Energy Crisis/Management
 Its Causes, Effects and Solutions
 On-going as well as Future Plans to tackle this problem
Agricultural Products
 Irrigation Network/Projects/System/Canals etc
 Problems in cultivation
Major Industries
 Problems of Industrialization
Educational Development
 National Education Policy
 Literacy/Illiteracy rates and measures to improve.
Taxation Reforms
 Inland Revenue System (IRS)
 RGST (VAT)
Miscellaneous Issues
 Corruption
 Nepotism
 Family Politics (Dynastical System)
 Any Significant Bill Passed by Parliament e.g Child Protection Bill 2010.

Study Area – VII: Land, Geography, Resources, Climate, Culture, Federation

of Pakistan
2007 – "Pakistan is a federation in form and unitary in spirit." Discuss it keeping in view the
strengths and weakness of Federation of Pakistan.

2006 - Political map of Pakistan is the outcome of its geo-strategic location. Give a reasoned
account for the statement.

2006 – Highlight the various characteristics of Pakistani culture. Bring out the importance of
customs and traditions in the society.

2005 – Define and explain the geographic inertia and its role in the development of Pakistan.

2000 - Write a note on Balochistan; its area, population, economy, education and the
problems of the people.

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Area of Focus
What is federation?
 Strengths and weaknesses of Pakistan as federation
Geo-strategic location of Pakistan
 Geo-strategic importance of Pakistan
Culture of Pakistan: A blend of socio-religio-ethno idiosyncrasies

Study Area – VIII: Miscellaneous

2010 - Pakistan's industry is providing jobs to various categories of workers and is earning
foreign exchange for the country. Comment.

2010 – Why military of Pakistan intervened in Pakistan's politics? What is the role of the
present leadership to de-politicize army? Give specific measures.

2009 - Discuss and debate the diplomatic stance of Pakistan regarding “war on terror “. How
can it be improvised in the current geo-political situation?

2009 – Referring to the evolution of Political System, identify the commonalities in among the
martial law administrators of Pakistan?

2008 – The Constitution of Pakistan (1973) is the “mouth piece of Islam”. Discuss.

2007 – Local government system under the "Devolution of Power Plan 2001" has miserably
failed in delivering service to the masses. . Discuss.

2005 – Address the importance of Pakistan’s relations with the European Union for the
foreign policy of Pakistan as a whole.

2002 – There is an “unbridgeable gulf between Hinduism and Islam and their followers
existed together in the same land for hundreds of years like two streams which continue to
un parallel to each other indefinitely, without ever becoming one body of water”. Elucidate.

2001 - 'The US attack on Afghanistan in October 2001 has had serious repercussions for
Pakistan". Discuss.

2001 - Write a comprehensive essay on the promulgation of Islamic system in Pakistan with
special reference to the role played by the Ulema in the process.

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Area of Focus
Phases of Government from 1947-2010
 Military Interventions and its causes, implications.
PAK-EU Relationships
Pakistan’s role in ‘War on Terror’ and its implications
Latest Developments
 Pak-US Strategic Dialogues
 Sino-Pak Nuclear Deal
 Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline
 Recent changes in Indo-Pak relations
 Afghan-Pakistan Trade Transit Agreement (APTTA)
 Any further development occurring till February; 2011.

Study Area – VIII: Short Notes

2010 –2009 – 2008 – 2007 – 2006 – 2005 – No Notes.

2004 – a. Objective resolution

b. Six points of Mujeeb ur Rehman
c. Pakistan's role in the war against terrorism.

2003 – (a) Problems of Educational System in Pakistan

(b) Geo-Political; position of Pakistan.
(c) "Pakistan is a rich country where poor people live."

2002 – No Notes.

2001 - (i) Chaudhri Rehmat AH.

(ii) Allama Iqbal.
(iii) Kashmir conflict.
(iv) Kalabagh Dam.

2000 - (a) Assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan.

(b) The salient features of the Constitution of 1956.
(c) Unemployment in Pakistan.

Wish you Best of Luck!

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