Unit3 Hydrogen System Explain

Lecturer: Zhang Youquan

 CONTENTS

1 Specifications for hydrogen System

2 Preparations before gas replacement

3 The gas replacement of generator

4 Precautions for the operation of hydrogen cooled generators

5 Emergency Control hydrogen system

1 Specifications for hydrogen System
1、Specifications for hydrogen System

Main technical parameters

Rated hydrogen pressure 0.20MPa(g)

maximum hydrogen pressure 0.30MPa(g)
Hydrogen purity ≥ 98%
Hydrogen humidity(dew point) -25~0℃
The filling hydrogen
83m3
volume of the generator
1、Specifications for hydrogen System
Volume and time for gas replacement

Changeover Volume of Estimated

Required Gas
operation Gas required Gas Required time
Carbon dioxide
Air 180 m3 5~6h
(purity>85%)

Carbon dioxide 260 m3 4~5h

Hydrogen
(purity>96%) Hydrogen pressure
is increased to 210 m3 1~1.5h
0.20MPa

Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen 150 m3 4~5h
(purity>96%)
1、Specifications for hydrogen System
The gas control station

CO2 control

H2 control
1、Specifications for hydrogen System
Hydrogen desiccator
1、Specifications for hydrogen System

Hydrogen circulation fan The hydrogen purity analyzer

1、Specifications for hydrogen System
Hydrogen cooler The oil-water detectors
1、Specifications for hydrogen System

H2 Circulating

Generator Circulating H2 Humidity

Excitation End Fan Meter

Generator H2 Humidity H2
Turbine End Meter Dryer
2 Preparations before gas replacement
2、Preparations before gas replacement

1、Before the generator is filled with hydrogen,prepare enough hydrogen.Besides

normal supply of hydrogen, volume of hydrogen 3 times higher than the generator
should be also stored.And make sure that the qualified carbon dioxide steel bottle
get ready simultaneously.

2 、In the process of gas replacement, take samples of hydrogen and make an analysis
on time.

3 Taking samples of hydrogen to test purity should be conducted from the bottom of
generator, sampling of carbon dioxide should be carried out on the top of generator.
2、Preparations before gas replacement

4 、The pressure inside the carbon dioxide steel bottles should be more than
4.5Mpa,not lower than 3Mpa,and check all the certificates that the carbon dioxide
purity is greater than 95%.

5、Make sure that the generator-leakage test has completed and qualified.

6 、Check to confirm that the sealing oil system has been put into service, in normal
operation, differential pressure switches, pressure differential valves, balance valves
and safety valves work normally, sealing oil pressure, oil temperature, oil flow and
exhaust fume fan are normal.
3 The gas replacement of generator
3、The gas replacement of generator

The gas replacement of generator

The air and hydrogen in the generator are not allowed to be replaced directly to
form a mixture of explosive concentration. CO2 gas is usually used as intermediate
medium for the replacement of air and hydrogen. Generator and gas system, sealing
oil system installation (or overhaul), after the gas - leakage test, can carry out the gas
replacement. Gas replacement is used for intermediate medium replacement.
3、The gas replacement of generator
Precautions on intermediate medium replacement

1、Hydrogen and intermediate gases (carbon dioxide as possible) need to be

introduced from the gas control station. Compressed air must be introduced from the
hydrogen system, it is not allowed to make a mistake.

2、The flow velocity of air should be controlled properly so as to avoid high-

temperature spots in the diameter-variation location due to the velocity of air flow.

3、Keep a certain pressure value during the replacement process in

generator(between 0.01~0.03Mpa).

4、Flame is prohibited especially near the air evacuation pipe.

3、The gas replacement of generator
Precautions on intermediate medium replacement

5、The sampling location is clear and comprehensive. In the replacement process,

for the gas discharge lines and the dead zone where gas is not easy to flow, especially
the hydrogen gas dryer, sealed tank and oil-water detectors under generator,
emissions should be frequent, finally, samples taken everywhere should meet the
criteria.

6、Generally only after the generator gas replacement is completed, the hydrogen
pressure can be increased or decreased.
3、The gas replacement of generator
Precautions on intermediate medium replacement

7、In discharge of hydrogen, the speed should not be too fast; Maintain positive
pressure inside the generator to prevent air entry.

8、Supply sealing oil to oil-seal bearings before injecting gas to generator.

9、In the process of hydrogen injecting or hydrogen discharging, the level of the
main oil tank, the level of the sealing oil tank in hydrogen side, the level of the oil-
water detectors should be closely monitored. If any abnormality occurs,you should
adjust in time.

10、When the generator is pressurized with compressed air,the compressed air

quality should be qualified.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

1、Confirm that hydrogen humidity

meter and purity meter are out of
operation.
2、Contact maintenance staff to
connect join pipe between carbon
dioxide bottles and carbon dioxide
manifold.
3、Check valve position according to
generator hydrogen system 《system
valve inspection card》
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

4、Confirm the control station to

the hydrogen isolation valve (h-10)
is closed.
5、Confirm that isolation valve (H-
13)after hydrogen pressure
regulating valve（H-12） and
isolation valve （H-16）after
hydrogen reducer（H-15）are
closed.
6、Open generator gas replacement
main valve (h-97).
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

7、Open hydrogen-filling valve (h-

48) and turn on generator hydrogen-
exhausting isolation valve (h-18),
Open CO2-filling valve (h-47). .
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

8、After the heating device is

turned on, the carbon dioxide
valve (h-20) is turned on, and
the generator carbon dioxide
confluence gate is opened. Open
the carbon dioxide bottle door
(two bottles at a time) and the
corresponding confluence of
carbon dioxide separation, so
that the pressure of carbon
dioxide mother tube is
maintained at about 0.15 ~
0.2mpa.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

9、At the same time,exhaust valve (h-18)

of the hydrogen header was adjusted to
maintain the pressure of the generator
between 0.01~0.03 Mpa.
10、When the purity of carbon dioxide
in the generator reaches 85% or above,
open the following valves to discharge in
the dead zone of the generator，close
these valves after 5min.
(1)Oil-water detectors drainage valves.
(2)Drainage valves of hydrogen supply
and return pipes of the hydrogen dryer
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

11、When the CO2 content in

the generator reaches 90%
above,the process can be
terminated.
12、Close the hydrogen main
pipe discharging valve.
13、Close the CO2 manifold
main valve.
14、Close each carbon
dioxide bottle valve and the
corresponding confluence
CO2-filling and discharging
valves in branches.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

Operation of replacing
hydrogen with CO2.

1、Contact hydrogen station to

prepare hydrogen-filling to the
generator.
2、Confirm that the purity of
CO2 meets the requirements.
3、Open the hydrogen-coming
isolation valve（H-10）.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

Operation of replacing
hydrogen with CO2.

4、Open the generator-hydrogen-

filling valve（H-48）
5、Regulating the hydrogen-
coming isolation valve（H-10）
to inject hydrogen to the
generator.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

Operation of replacing
hydrogen with CO2.

6、Open and regulate the air-

evacuation valve of CO2-main-
pipe（H-25）,to keep the interior
pressure of generator between
0.01 and 0.03Mpa,be cautious
that the sealing oil pressue is
automaticly tracking the
hydrogen pressure.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

Operation of replacing
hydrogen with CO2.
7、When the purity of hydrogen
in the generator reaches 95%,
open the following valves at the
dead angle of generator to
discharge for about 5 minutes.
(1)Each drain valve for every oil-
water detector.
(2)Drainage valves of hydrogen
supply and return pipes of the
hydrogen dryer.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

Operation of replacing hydrogen with CO2.

8、When the hydrogen purity in the generator reaches above 96%,close the
hydrogen isolation valve (h-10)and the air-evacuation valve of CO2-main-pipe（H-
25）, keep stable for 20 minutes and confirm the hydrogen purity is above 96%.

9、Put in service hydrogen humidity meter,purity meter and hydrogen leakage

meter.

10、Put in service hydrogen dryer.

11、Gradually increase hydrogen pressure,when it reaches 0.20Mpa,close the

hydrogen-coming isolation valve.
3、The gas replacement of generator
The gas in the generator is replacement from air to hydrogen

Operation of replacing hydrogen with CO2.

12、After the synchronization of the generator,confirm that the air in water- side of
the hydrogen cooler has been evacuated completely,maintain the cold hydrogen
temperature in 45±1℃ .

13、Gradually increase the generator hydrogen pressure to 0.21 Mpa, and note that
the sealing oil pressure is in automatic tracking.

14、The time carbon dioxide stays inside the generator is not allowed to exceed 24
hours, preferably within 6 hours.
4 Precautions for the operation of hydrogen cooled generators
4、Precautions for the operation of hydrogen cooled generators

1、To the generator hydrogen cooler water, the hydrogen temperature of the
generator should be automatically controlled in time, and the hydrogen inlet
temperature of the generator must be greater than 30 ℃ to prevent the sudden
change of hydrogen pressure caused by the hydrogen temperature change.
When the unit is under load, it should be noted that the cooling water regulating
valve of the hydrogen cooler works well to prevent the hydrogen temperature
from falling and causing the hydrogen pressure to drop.

2、The lubricating oil system of the steam turbine generator and the exhaust
hood of the generator sealing oil system should be put into operation when
the generator has hydrogen gas, and it is forbidden to stop. If it is necessary
to stop for a short time, the air vent of the top cover of the fuel tank should
be opened, and measures should be taken to prevent debris from falling into
the fuel tank.
4、Precautions for the operation of hydrogen cooled generators

3、It is absolutely forbidden to fire within the safe distance of the operating site.

4、In operation, the generator oil water detector discharges oil, and should pay
attention to adjust the generator operation mode and seal oil pressure; if the
generator oil water detector discharges water, the hydrogen temperature should
be properly increased, and the function of the hydrogen dryer should be checked.
Leakage of the cooler or generator water cooling system should be notified to
the service personnel.

5、When the hydrogen content in the generator bearing chamber and the main
fuel tank or in the generator bearing return oil or the enclosed busbar jacket
exceeds 1%, it must be stopped as soon as possible.
4、Precautions for the operation of hydrogen cooled generators

6、Maintain generator hydrogen pressure at 0.20Mpa.

7、Always check the liquid level of each

oil and water detector. If oil or water is
8、The hydrogen dryer must not be
found, immediately discharge the liquid on
disconnected from operation when
the spot and quickly find the cause and
the generator is running. In all cases,
eliminate it. When discharging liquid,
the hydrogen humidity must be
prevent a large amount of hydrogen from
below 2g/m3. When shutting down,
leaking out. The hydrogen cooler leaks
this humidity can be maintained by
should isolate the faulty hydrogen cooler
reducing the hydrogen pressure or
and should be disposed of in accordance
charging the dry hydrogen.
with the relevant provisions of the electrical
operating procedures.
4、Precautions for the operation of hydrogen cooled generators

9、When the hydrogen pressure of the generator is lower than the

rated value, the load should be controlled within the allowable value
of the corresponding output curve, and pay attention to monitor the
temperature of each temperature measurement point of the generator.

10、The purity of hydrogen in the 11、The inside of the generator

generator should not be lower than
95%, and should be maintained at
98% or more. When the purity of
hydrogen is reduced, hydrogen
should be discharged to ensure the
purity of hydrogen in the machine.
generates water droplets due to
condensation, and the inlet water
temperature or hydrogen temperature
should be appropriately increased.
Water, hydrogen, and oil should be
kept in oil pressure > hydrogen
pressure > water pressure.
5 Emergency Control hydrogen system
氢气系统的事故处理
5、Emergency Control hydrogen system

Emergency operation on hydrogen discharging

1、Confirm the hydrogen-coming

isolation valve（H-10）,isolation
valve(H-13) after
the hydrogen pressure regulation
solenoid valve（H-12）and the
isolation valve（H-16）after
hydrogen-filling reducer（H-15）.
5、Emergency Control hydrogen system
Emergency operation on hydrogen discharging

2、Confirm that the discharging valve(H-97) for

generator gas replacement and hydrogen-filling valve
（H-48）are opened.
3、Open the exhaust valve（H-18）for the hydrogen
main pipe, decrease the hydrogen pressure in the
generator to 0.05 Mpa, pay attention to monitoring the
generator seal oil pressure automatic tracking and
sealing oil tank level change in the hydrogen side,
maintain oil and hydrogen pressure difference at
0.056±0.02 Mpa.
4、Replace the hydrogen with the CO2 until the CO2
purity is qualified.
5、Emergency Control hydrogen system

Hydrogen on fire

1、When the generator is operating due to hydrogen leakage or hydrogen leakage, it

should quickly try to prevent hydrogen leakage when it is on fire. After the flame is
extinguished, the cause of hydrogen leakage should be found and eliminated.

2、When an explosion occurs in the generator, it should immediately stop the

shutdown, rapidly reduce the hydrogen pressure and charge the carbon dioxide for
gas replacement, and keep the coil running continuously.
5、Emergency Control hydrogen system

Hydrogen purity drops

1、Check whether the balance valve of the sealing oil system is normal. If there is
any abnormality, please contact the maintenance staff. Adjust the balance valve, keep
the level of sealing oil tank in the hydrogen side closed under the condition that the
oil filling and drainage valves are all closed, the oil level is basically unchanged.

2、Check the hydrogen side seal tank to fill, the discharge of oil floating ball valve
work is normal, if there are any abnormal, should be in maintaining the hydrogen
side seal tank oil level almost the same, try to turn down, oil discharge manual door
opening, reduce oil, contact and timely maintenance.
5、Emergency Control hydrogen system

Hydrogen purity drops

3、Check that the hydrogen dryer is working normally.

4、Check the generator oil-water relay to determine whether the generator has water.
5、Properly reduce the seal oil temperature to reduce the amount of air that is
separated from hydrogen side seal oil.
6、When generator hydrogen purity falls to 96%, blowdown is needed at once to
improve internal hydrogen purity at the same time, you need to check the working
condition of the balance valve of the sealing oil system, if necessary repair or replace
it until hydrogen purity return to more than 98%.