Lubricating Oil System 润滑油系统全英文版-1

Lubricating Oil System
Lecturer: Zhang Youquan

CONTENTS
1 Specifications for Lubricating oil System
2 The Preparation of Lubricating oil System before Startup
3 Lubricating oil System Startup and Shutdown
4 Operation Adjustment and Troubleshooting of Lubricating oil System
5 The Interlocking and Protection of Lubricating oil System

1 Specifications for Lubricating oil System
1、Specifications for Lubricating oil System
Lubricating oil system

The Lubricating oil system of
steam turbine adopts the oil supply
mode of main oil pump-oil injector.
The main oil pump is directly driven
by the main shaft of steam turbine. Its
outlet pressure oil drives the oil
injector to engage in operation. The
Lubricating oil system is mainly used
for serving the following purposes:
Lubricating oil system

providing lubricant to each
bearing and jigger device of steam
turbine generator set, some lubricant
for the protection system, sealing oil
source for the hydrogen seal system of
generator, adequate lubricant source
for the shaft jacking up system of main
shaft, cooling oil for the rotor coupling
of steam turbine generator set. The
system also has the smog exhausting
function for oil return.
Main oil pump
Main oil pump is the most important
component in the turbine oil supply
system of steam turbine. During normal
operation, it provides the turbine oil
system with power oil source when unit
operated at rated speed. Main oil pump,
mounted in the front bearing box, is
driven directly with the main shaft of the
steam turbine by rigid connection. As a
single stage and double suction horizontal
centrifugal pump, oil suction is realized
by means of pressure.
Main oil pump

Main oil pump parameters
Main Oil Pump Suction Side Oil Pressure

0.09～0.12MPa
Main Oil Pump Outside Oil Pressure

1.75～1.85MPa
Rated Speed of Main Oil Pump

3000r/min
Power ～200kW
Flow >3000L/min
Oil ejector
Oil ejector is the key equipment in
lubricating oil system of turbo generator
unit, and oil ejector is divided into oil
supply ejector and lubricating oil supply
ejector according to its application in
lubricating oil system of turbo generator
unit. Working medium of oil ejector is
steam turbine oil, and oil ejector operates
when turbine reaches or approaches rated
speed.
The principle of the ejector

The operating principle of the ejector is the pressure energy in the motive fluid is converted to
velocity energy by an adiabatic expansion in the Converging/Diverging Nozzle. Due to the pressure
drop of the motive fluid, it will create a low-pressure zone before the mixing chamber. Due to the
low-pressure zone, the suction fluid will start to move to toward it and mix with motive fluid in the
mixing chamber. In mixed fluid enter the diverging portion of the ejector where its velocity energy is
converted into Pressure energy.
Oil ejector parameters
Name Pressure of Outlet Flow of Inlet

Oil Supply ejector (I#) 0.185MPa 3383L/min
Lubricant oil Supply ejector
0.4MPa 2850L/min
(II#)
Main Oil Tank
The oil tank adopts a concentrated
mode. That is to locate various devices in
the oil system in the oil tank, such as AC
lubricant oil pump, DC emergency oil
pump, oil smoke separator, oil level
indicator, oil ejector, electric heater,
pressure control valve, internal pipeline,
etc. It facilitates operation and monitoring,
simplifies the arrangement of power
station and is convenient for fireproofing.
During normal operation, the capacity of
oil tank is 30.6m³。the capacity of
Maximum operation is 35m³
AC Lubricant Oil Pump

The pump is single-stage single-
suction vertical electric centrifugal oil
pump. It supplies sufficient lubricant oil to
each bearing, turning gearing and shaft
jacking device during the start-up and shut
down as well as when the lubricant oil
pressure is lower than 0.115Mpa. The
drive motor is explosion proof motor. The
characteristic data are as follows:
Pressure at Outlet: 0.4MPa

DC Emergency Oil Pump

The pump is single-stage single-
suction vertical electric centrifugal oil
pump. It is only used during the shutdown
of steam turbine units. It supplies
lubricant oil to each bearing when the
lubricant oil pressure is lower than
0.07MPa or the AC power is electricity
failure to ensure the safe shutdown of
steam turbine set. The drive motor is DC
motor. The characteristic data are as
follows:
Pressure at Outlet: 0.27MPa
Oil Cooler
There are two sets of oil
coolers in the Lubricating oil
system, with the stainless steel
plate heat exchangers type, that
one use and the other standby.
Using circulating water as the
cooling medium, it takes away
the heat resulted from the friction
of bearing.
There is a set of oil-fume separator in the

system, which integrates the smoke discharge Oil-Fume Separator
fan and the oil fume separator. The upper for
two suction vertical single-stage centrifugal fan
(a case), the lower oil separator for cylindrical
structure It is vertically installed on the cover of
main oil tank. It creates negative pressure in the
oil return tube, oil tank and oil return chamber
of each bearing box to ensure smooth oil return
and separate the mixture of oil fume. It
discharges the fume and sends the oil drops back
to the dirty oil tank to reduce environmental
pollution and ensure the safety and reliability of
oil system.
Shaft Jacking Up Device

This device is mainly used to
supply high pressure oil to each
bearing during the start-up,
shutdown and spin gearing, which
forcibly pushes up each shaft neck
and forms static pressure oil film
between the neck and bearing to
eliminate the dry friction between
the neck and bearing. In the
normal working period, oil-bound
film compression can be observed.
Shaft Jacking Up Device
To #3/#4/#5/#6 Bearing
Switching valve
The switching valve is of six-

way valve structure, which is
installed between the two oil coolers.
It can switching the two oil coolers.
Before direction change of the valve
must first fully fill with oil in the
standby oil cooler.
Dirty oil tank Clean oil tank
Lube oil TR pump

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7
H2 block device
#1 #2
OIL COOLER FILTER 3000R/MIN

DC AC
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7
H2 block device
#1 #2
OIL COOLER FILTER <2850R/MIN

DC AC
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7
H2 block device
#1 #2
OIL COOLER FILTER

DC AC
AC oil pump abnormal

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7
H2 block device
JACKING
#1 #2 OIL DEVICE
OIL COOLER FILTER

DC AC
Turning gear running
2 The Preparation of Lubricating oil System
before Startup
2、Preparation before the Lube oil System put into operation
Inspection and preparation
1、The maintenance work of the lubricating oil system is over and the work ticket has
been terminated. Pipes and equipment are intact.
2、Each control power supply and signal power supply are well energized.
3、The insulation of each equipment is acceptable, the grounding wire is intact, and the
power is energized.
4、The each primary and secondary meters in the system are opened, the oil level gauge
is put into normal, all the oil drain valves are closed, and the measuring and monitoring
protection alarms are well enabled.
5、The inlet valve of the main lubricating oil tank exhaust fan is opened, one exhaust
fan for operation, one for standby.
6、The lubricating oil system startup conditions are met.
7、The closed cooling water system is put into operation.
8、The main oil tank is cleaned and the oil return filter is installed.
9、check the oil cooler, one side for operation, one side for standby.
10、Check the filter, one side for operation, one side for standby.
11、Start the oil purification system and use the lubricating oil transfer pump to fill
the oil tank to a high oil level. During the oil filling process, check that the actual oil
level of the oil tank matches the oil level gauge indication. And the oil level alarm
value shall be correct.
12、The jacking oil pump inlet and outlet valves are opened and the filter screen is
cleaned.
13、Lubricating oil and sealing oil systems have been inspected according to the
Valve Inspection Card and all valves are in normal state before startup
3 Lubricating Oil System Startup and Shutdown
3、Lube oil System Startup and Shutdown
Put lube oil system into operation
1、When the oil temperature of the oil tank is lower than 10 ℃ , it is forbidden to
start the oil pump. When the oil temperature of the oil tank is lower than 21℃ , it is
forbidden to start the turning gear, and electric heater shall be put into operation, and
when the oil temperature is greater than 35 ℃ , the electric heater can be stopped.
2、 Start the operation of one exhaust fan of the main oil tank, adjust the inlet damper
of the exhaust fan, maintain the slight vacuum in the main oil tank at 0.248~0.762KPa,
check that the exhaust fan is operating normally, and open the inlet damper of the
other exhaust fan, enable interlock.
3、Select a water cooler and put it into operation, open the water side vent valve for
exhaust, and turn it off when there is continuous water flow.
4、Confirm that the oil system is ready. The AC and DC lubricating oil pumps
starting conditions are met, start the AC lubricating oil pump, check that the pump
outlet oil pressure is normal, and the lubricating oil main pipe pressure should be
>0.15MPa.
5、Check that the oil level in the oil tank is normal. The system has no leakage and
the bearing return oil temperature is normal.
6、Check and open the oil side vent valve of the oil cooler to exhaust, and observe
the continuous oil flow and then close it.
7、According to the regulations, carry out the AC and DC lubricating oil pump
interlock test, and then the DC lubricating oil pump is automatically interlocked and
put into operation.
8、 After the unit is fixed at a constant speed, the lubricating oil pressure should be
>0.15MPa, closely monitor the oil level of the main oil tank, and input the lubricating
oil cooler according to the oil temperature to maintain the lubricating oil temperature
of 45~50 ℃ .
8、After the unit is fixed at a constant speed, and the main oil pump works
normally, the AC oil pump can be stopped and the interlock shall be put into
operation.
Lube oil system shutdown
1、Confirm that the turning gear, the jacking oil pump and the generator sealing oil
system have been stopped. The metal temperature of the inner wall of the high
pressure cylinder is lower than 121 ℃ , and the metal temperature of each bearing is
within the normal range, the AC lubricating oil pump can be stopped.
2、Disable the DC lubricating oil pump interlock.
3、Stop the AC oil pump.
4、Disable the interlock of the standby exhaust fan, and stop the operation of the
exhaust fan.
4 Operation Adjustment and Troubleshooting of Lube Oil
System
4、Operation Adjustment and Troubleshooting of Lube oil System
Start-up State
1、Before the start-up of system, it is necessary to confirm whether the oiliness meets
the start-up cleanliness requirement for start-up cleanliness, the oil level in the oil tank
is at the highest oil level and make sure the instruments and meters adjusted properly.
2、Close the cooling water valve for the oil cooler. Heat the oil and start the AC
lubricant pump when the oil temperature meets the start-up requirements for the oil
pump.
3、Open the smoke discharge fan to forcibly circulate the lubricant. When the oil
temperature reaches 35℃ , Stop the electric heater (it is forbidden to start the electric
heater in the process of normal operation).
Start-up State
4、Start the cooling water valve of oil cooler to get the oil cooler engaged, then start
the oil pump of shaft jacking up device and adjust the jacked up height of each bearing
neck to the designed valve.
5、After these, it is ready to put the spin gearing into operation. When the unit speed
reaches 1200 r/min, the shaft jacking up device can be removed. During the period of
raising speed, the AC lubricant pump shall work normally and provide lubricant to the
unit.
6、When the unit reaches 3000 r/min and gets stable, the AC lubricant pump can be
stopped. Self-reliance type pressure regulator began to work, to maintain the system
oil pressure is normal.
Normal Operation State
1、During normal operation, all the high pressure oil in the system is supplied by
the main oil pump located in the front bearing housing. The high pressure oil from
the main oil pump serves as the dynamic oil source of oil ejector.
2、The oil ejector sucks the oil from the oil tank. #1 oil ejector provides the oil
source for the main oil pump while #2 oil ejector supplies oil to each bearing and
generator hydrogen seal system for the purposes of Lubricating oil, cooling and
sealing.
Normal Operation State
3、During normal operation, it is necessary to adjust the cooling water flow of oil
cooler according to the oil temperature of lubricant main pipe so as to control the
inlet oil temperature of bearing within the set valve.
4、During normal operation, the oil processing system should be launched regularly,
in order to ensure the normal operation of turbine oil meet the requirements.
Shut Down State
1、When shutting down the unit under normal or emergent (tripping) condition, the
AC lubricant pump shall be started before the speed of steam turbine drops to 2850
r/min;
2、When it drops to 1200 r/min, the shaft jacking up device shall be started.
3、If the AC lubricant pump fails to react, the DC emergency oil pump shall be
combined to ensure safe shut down. During the barring, the shaft jacking up device
and AC lubricant pump can only be stopped after the spin gearing is stopped.
Maintenance of Lubricating oil Oil System
1、During normal operation, the normal outlet oil pressure of main oil pump is
1.8±0.05MPa. When it drops to 1.65MPa, the AC lubricant pump shall be started.
The root cause shall be investigated and make the equipment be ready to shut down.
2、When the steam turbine is in normal operation, the pressure of lubricant

flowing into the bearing shall be 0.14~0.18MPa. When the lubricant pressure of oil
feeding main pipe of the steam turbine drops to 0.115MPa, the alarm will be turned
on and the AC lubricant pump will be started and the cause of oil pressure
reduction shall be checked immediately.
3、After AC lubricant pump runs, if the pressure drop of lubricant continues, the
brake shall be switched off. During the shutdown, when the lubricant pressure
reduces to 0.07MPa,the DC emergency oil pump shall be started. Every half month,
the test of interlock protection with low oil pressure shall be performed.
4、The unit bearing requires the inlet lubricant temperature to be 45℃ ~50℃ and
the temperature of return oil of bearing shall be less than 65℃ . During normal
operation, the cooling water flow for the oil cooler shall be adjusted according to
the lubricant main pipe to ensure the inlet oil temperature.
5、Before operating, according to the oil level requirement on the drawing of main
oil tank, the middle position between the highest and lowest oil levels shall be set
as the zero position as the normal oil level for the oil level indicator. During normal
operation, the highest oil level is +250mm, lowest -250mm, stop oil level -330mm.
6、Before the normal start-up, the oil level in the oil tank is at the highest oil level.
When normal operation, the oil level should between the highest and the lowest oil
level, not be allowed under the lowest.
Lubricating oil pressure drops
(1) When the lubricating oil pressure drops, check the meter immediately, find
out the cause, pay attention to monitor the changes of oil pressure, metal temperature
of each bearing, oil return temperature, vibration and other parameters. It was found
that the oil flow was interrupted or the bearing temperature was abnormally
increased, if the limits were reached, emergency shut down the unit and break the
vacuum.
(2) When the oil pressure drops to 0.115MPa, the AC lubricating oil pump starts
automatically. When the oil pressure drops to 0.07MPa, the DC lubricating oil pump
starts automatically, otherwise it shall be manually start, and shut down the unit and
put turning gear into operation. The turning gear is stopped when oil pressure drops
to 0.03Mpa.
The oil tank level is abnormal
(1) When the oil level is high, it should be checked whether the oil quality is
emulsified, and whether the turbine steam seal has leakage. If water enters the oil,
the oil purifying device shall be put into operation for continuous purification.
(2) When the oil level is low, check whether the oil system pipeline and
equipment are leaking. If it leaks, contact maintenance personnel. If it can be isolated,
it should be isolated. If it cannot be isolated and cannot be handled during operation,
start lubricating oil transfer pump to make up the oil in the oil tank, pay attention to
the oil level change, and report the issue to leader and ask for shutdown.
The differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the oil cooler outlet
filter is big （>0.05MPa）, the oil quality shall be tested. Put the standby filter into
operation, and disable the filter with big differential pressure.
When confirming the high temperature of the lubricating oil, check the cooling
water pressure of the oil cooler, whether the flow rate is normal, whether the air at
oil, water side of the oil cooler is well exhausted, and whether the oil cooler is dirty
or not, problems should be solved in time when it is found.
5 The Interlocking and Protection of Lubricating
oil System
5、The Interlocking and Protection of Lubricating oil System
Jacking oil pump A
Allow to start:
◇The jacking oil pump A inlet oil pressure is not low >0.03Mpa
Interlock start: (or)

◇Turbine speed <1200rpm(jacking oil pump A is the priority selection)
◇After the jacking oil pump B switch is closed (in operation) for 30 seconds, the
outlet pressure of the pump B is <7MPa
◇After the jacking oil pump B switch is closed (in operation) for 30 seconds,
jacking oil pump outlet main pipe pressure is <9.8MPa
Jacking oil pump A
◇Turbine speed <1200rpm, jacking oil pump B is stopped (pulse)

◇When setting jacking oil pump B as the priority selection, turbine speed
<1200rpm, delay 5s, jacking oil pump B is failed to start
Interlock trip: (or)

◇Turbine speed ≥1300rpm, 2s pulse
◇The Jacking oil pump inlet pressure is lower than 0.03MPa.
AC lubricating oil pump

◇Lubricating oil pressure is low I ≤0.115MPa, pulse 3s
◇Turbine trip, pulse 3s
◇Turbine speed <2850rpm, pulse 3s
◇Lubricating oil pressure <0.115Mpa
DC lubricating oil pump

◇Lubricating oil pressure low II ≤0.07MPa, 3s pulse
◇ AC lubricating oil pump interlocking start condition is met, delay 3
seconds, but AC lubricating oil pump is not closed (not in operation state),
3s pulse
◇ AC oil pump trip, 3s pulse
Oil tank exhaust fan A
Interlock start:
◇Main oil tank exhaust fan B trips, 3s pulse
Turning gear
Allowed to start:
◇Lubricating oil main pipe pressure is greater than 0.115Mpa
◇Any one of the jacking oil pumps is in operation and the outlet oil
pressure is not lower than 7Mpa
◇Jacking oil pump main pipe pressure is not lower than 9.8Mpa
◇The bearing jacking pressure is not lower than 3.43Mpa
◇Steam turbine speed is less than 2 rpm, delay 30 seconds
◇The turning gear is well engaged.
Turning gear
Protection stop:
◇Jacking oil pumps are fully stopped, delay 2 seconds
◇Jacking oil pump main pipe pressure is lower than 9.8Mpa, delay 2
seconds.
◇Lubricating oil pressure is lower than 0.07Mpa
◇Bearing jacking pressure is lower than 3.43Mp.
◇Turbine speed is greater than 200 rpm

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Lubricating Oil System

Lecturer: Zhang Youquan

1 Specifications for Lubricating oil System

2 The Preparation of Lubricating oil System before Startup

3 Lubricating oil System Startup and Shutdown

4 Operation Adjustment and Troubleshooting of Lubricating oil System

5 The Interlocking and Protection of Lubricating oil System

Lubricating oil system

Lubricating oil system

Main oil pump

Main oil pump parameters

Main Oil Pump Suction Side Oil Pressure

Main Oil Pump Outside Oil Pressure

Rated Speed of Main Oil Pump

The principle of the ejector

Oil ejector parameters

Name Pressure of Outlet Flow of Inlet

AC Lubricant Oil Pump

Pressure at Outlet: 0.4MPa

DC Emergency Oil Pump

There is a set of oil-fume separator in the

Shaft Jacking Up Device

The switching valve is of six-

Dirty oil tank Clean oil tank

Lube oil TR pump

OIL COOLER FILTER 3000R/MIN

OIL COOLER FILTER <2850R/MIN

OIL COOLER FILTER

AC oil pump abnormal

OIL COOLER FILTER

6、The lubricating oil system startup conditions are met.

7、The closed cooling water system is put into operation.

Inspection and preparation

Put lube oil system into operation

2、Disable the DC lubricating oil pump interlock.

3、Stop the AC oil pump.

Normal Operation State

Normal Operation State

Shut Down State

Maintenance of Lubricating oil Oil System

2、When the steam turbine is in normal operation, the pressure of lubricant

Maintenance of Lubricating oil Oil System

Maintenance of Lubricating oil Oil System

Lubricating oil pressure drops

The oil tank level is abnormal

Jacking oil pump A

Interlock start: (or)

Jacking oil pump A

◇Turbine speed <1200rpm, jacking oil pump B is stopped (pulse)

Interlock trip: (or)

AC lubricating oil pump

Interlock start: (or)

DC lubricating oil pump

Interlock start: (or)

Oil tank exhaust fan A

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