WORKSHEET 18

Idioms
hen party party animal to be a party to (something)
house-warming party party piece party-pooper stag party
th
1. ‘Have you heard? Claire’s getting married on the 29 August. She’s having her …………….......….. the
weekend before.’
2. They had a big ………………………….. about a month after they moved to their new place.
3. He got so drunk at his ………………………….. that he was nearly late for his own wedding.
4. ‘Oh, listen to my husband! He’s telling his golfing joke again. He does it every time we go to a party. It’s his
………………………………’
5. Jane was always the life and soul of the party. She really knew how to enjoy herself. She had a reputation
for being a …………………………
6. ‘Some of the people in my office are mobbing one of the sales representatives. They encouraged me to join in
but I refused. I won’t …………………………........... it.’
7. ‘I don’t know what John sees in his new girlfriend. At parties she doesn’t dance, she never smiles, and she
complains if the music is loud. She’s a real ………………………..!’

Vocabulary
1/ Could you move your car? You’re ____ the way of the entrance!
A/ on B/ in C/ at D/ to
2/ He kept his marriage for years, but eventually the truth ______.
A/ came out B/ went out C/ came through D/ fell out
3/ I usually buy my clothes _____ the peg. It’s cheaper than going to a dress maker.
A/ in B/ on C/ off D/ with
4/ David’s leaving on Friday. I suggest we all ______ and get him a going-away present. $1 each should do.
A/ pay on the nail B/ chip in C/ pass the buck D/ dish out
5/ It’s a good idea, but I’m afraid it didn’t quite _____.
A/ break up B/ follow up C/ drop off D/ come off
6/ If you have anything important to do, do it straight away. Don’t put it ______.
A/ on B/ off C/ over D/ up
7/ Terry spent hours of his free time helping me to repair my car. I must make it _____ to him somehow.
A/ up B/ for C/ away D/ on
8/ ‘What _____ your flight?’ ‘There was a big snowstorm in Denver that delayed a lot of things.’
A/ delayed up B/ postponed C/ held up D/ hung up
9/ After a/an _____ administrative career, the old principal was awarded the Public Service Star by the minister.
A/ illustrious B/ imposing C/ mundane D/ infamous
10/ A/an _____ toenail can cause much pain and discomfort.
A/ growing B/ outgoing C/ outgrowing D/ ingrowing
11/ A street guide is ______ for none of us knows anything about the city we are going to visit next week.
A/ indispensable B/ unnecessary C/ dispensable D/ redundant
12/ After he lost his son, the once cheerful and spirited young father often felt low and _____.
A/ liberated B/ relaxed C/ listless D/ rested
13/ As her insurance policy had _____, the old lady could not make any claims for compensation.
A/ subsided B/ lapsed C/ leveled D/ vanished
14/ His desire was to make herbal medicine available those who could afford to visit a physician.
A/ badly B/ ill C/ ineptly D/ poorly
15/ ____ terms are Hoang Sa and Truong Sa in possession of China. They belong to Vietnam.
A/ In no certain B/ Not on equal C/ On no good D/ Not a contradiction

Gap Filling
Scientists are increasingly concerned about a new virus that has infected tens of thousands of
people and killed hundreds. The virus is a coronavirus, and (1) .......................... to the same family as the virus that

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causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. It causes a respiratory illness, can spread from person to person,
and emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December.
On 30 January The World Health Organization (WHO) has (2) ....................... the coronavirus
outbreak a global health emergency. The organization’s director-general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, said his
(3)....................... concern was that the outbreak could spread to countries with fragile health systems.
Declaring a “public health emergency of international concern” (PHEIC) is the WHO’s highest level
of alarm - a step it reserves for events (4)...................... a risk to multiple countries and that require a coordinated
international response.
Before that time, only one country outside China — Vietnam — had confirmed person-to-person
transmission of the virus within (5) ......................... borders. Later, four other places outside mainland China —
Japan, Taiwan, Germany and the United States — have reported person-to-person transmission, as the size and reach
of the outbreak have ................... The WHO says that a (6) ....................... of 7,818 cases have been confirmed in 18
countries. Almost 99% of those — 7,736 cases — are in China.
Tedros (7)....................... China for its handling of the outbreak, and recommended against restricting
international trade with, and travel to, the country. “This declaration is not a vote of no confidence in China,” he
said. “This is the time for solidarity, (8) ...................... stigma.”
The number of people in the country infected with the new coronavirus has risen (9) .................
40,171, with more and more people are in quarantine on 10 February, according to the latest update from China‘s
National Health Commission. More than 900 people in China have died from the new virus, a greater number than
those who died from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the 2002–03 epidemic. That outbreak,
(10) .................... also originated in China, killed 774 people worldwide.

Word form
produce aware local imply root history
extend company reach fold
Bringing up one’s child bilingually is not a decision to be taken lightly. Both parents must consider
long and hard the (1) ____________ involved in raising a child in a two-language home. This decision is one of
those all-important choices which will affect not only the parents’ lives but also the life of the child. Raising a child
bilingually has a (2) _____________ effect. Firstly, of course, the child learns the two languages of the parents.
Secondly, the parents’ decision will influence factors which will have a (3) ____________ effect on the child’s life.
Some of these factors include: style and place of education, diameter of social circle, employment potential and
preference, and, most importantly the way in which the child views himself and his global environment.

One of the more advantageous (4) ______________ of being a member of a bilingual family is the
inherent (5) ____________ of two different cultures. This bicultural child inherits a wealth of knowledge brought
about by an exposure to: (6) ____________ backgrounds, traditional songs and folklore, rituals of marriage, models
of social interaction, and therefore, two varying interpretations of the world. The monolingual child seems to be at a
disadvantage in comparison to the bilingual child, who has a set of languages and an (7) _____________ set of
abstract culutral ideas. Practically speaking when a child comes from a two-language family, he must be taught both
languages in order to communicate with the (8) ____________ family members. When, for example, the
grandparents speak a language which differs from that of the child’s (9) ______________, a monolingual child
would be deprived of the interaction which occurs between grandparents and gradchildren. On the other hand, a
bilingual child will not only be able to speak to grandparents, but will also comprehend where these people have
‘come from’. There will be a shared cultural empathy within the family. Because of family members can
communicate, on both a verbal and cultural level, no one will feel excluded and the child will develop a sense of
(10) _____________.

Sentence Transformation
1/ She agreed without the slightest hesitation. DROP
She agreed ............................................................................................................
2/ I heard a rumor that they are getting married. GRAPEVINE
I heard........................................................................................................... they are getting married.
3/ Workers were told nothing about the plans to sell the company. DARK
Workers were ................................................................................................... about the plan to sell the complany.
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4/ She got up very early this morning and went to the gym. CRACK
She ................................................................................ and went to the gym.
5/ After the play finishes, I plan to relax and enjoy time off. FEET
I’m going to .............................................................................. after the play finishes.
6/ The pilot was so confusing that I couldn’t follow it. MUD
Because the pilot was about ..................................................................., I couldn’t follow it.
7/ Local residents fought fiercely to get the factory closed down. TOOTH
Local residents ........................................................................to get the factory closed down.
8/ Nobody knows for sure whether he’s stupid or just very lazy. QUESTION
It is .................................................... whether he ‘s stupid or just very ......................... idle.

Read the text below and choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D).
The development of the horse has been recorded from the beginning through all of its evolutionary stages to
the modern form. It is, in fact, one of the most complete and well-documented chapters of paleontological history.
Fossil finds provide us not only with detailed information about the horse itself but also with valuable insights into
the migration of herds, and even evidence for speculation about the climate conditions that could have instigated
such migratory behavior.
Geologists believe that the first horses appeared on Earth about sixty million years ago as compared with two
million years ago for the appearance of human beings. There is evidence of early horses on both the American and
European continents, but it has been documented that, almost twelve million years ago at the beginning of the
Pliocene Age, a horse about midway through its evolutionary development crossed a land bridge where the Bering
Strait is now located, from Alaska into the glasslands of Asia, and traveled all the way to Europe. This early horse
was a hipparion, about the size of a modern-day pony with three toes and a specialized cheek teeth for grazing. In
Europe, the hipparion encountered another less advanced horse called the anchitheres, which had previously
invaded Europe by the same route, probably during the Miocene Period. Less developed and smaller than the
hipparion, the anchittheres was eventually completely replaced by it.
By the end of the Pleistocene Age both the anchitheres and the hipparion had become extinct in North
America, where they had originated, as fossil evidence clearly indicates. In Europe, they evolved into the larger and
stronger animal that is very similar to the horse as we know it today. For many years, the horse was probably
hunted for food by early tribes of human beings. Then the qualities of the horse that would have made it a good
servant were noted – mainly its strength and speed. It was time for the horse to be tamed, used as a draft animal at
the dawning of agriculture, and the ridden as the need for transportation increased. It was the descendant of this
domesticated horse that was brought back to the Americas by European colonists.

Question 1: What is the passage mainly about?

A. The migration of horses B. The modern-day pony
C. The evolution of the horse D. The replacement of the anchitheres by the hipparion
Question 2. According to the author, fossils are considered valuable for all of the following reasons EXCEPT?
A. They suggest how the climate may have been
B. They provide information about migration
C. They document the evolution of the horse
D. They maintain a record of life prior to the Miocene Age
Question 3. The word instigated in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by?
A. Explained B. Caused C. Improved D. Influenced
Question 4. What does the author mean by the statement
“Geologists believe that the first horses appeared on Earth about sixty million years ago as compared with two
million years ago for the appearance of human beings”?
A. Horses appeared long before human beings according to the theories of geologists.
B. Both horses and human beings appeared several million years ago, if we believe geologists.
C. The geological records for the appearance of horses and human beings are not very accurate.
D. Horses and human beings cannot be compared by geologists because they appeared too long ago.
Question 5. Which of the following conclusions may be made on the basis of information in the passage?
A. The hipparions migrated to Europe to feed in developing grasslands.
B. There are no fossil remains of either the anchitheres or the hipparion.
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C. There were horses in North America when the first European colonists arrived.
D. Very little is known about the evolution of the horse.
Question 6. According to this passage, the hipparions were ______.
A. five-toed animals B. not as highly developed as the anchitheres
C. larger than the anchitheres D. about the size of a small dog
Question 7. The word it in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. anchitheres B. hipparion C. Miocene period D. route
Question 8. The word extinct in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to?
A. familiar B. widespread C. nonexistent D. tame
Question 9. The word domesticated in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning ______.
A. tamed B. used C. ridden D. indicated
Question 10. It can be concluded from this passage that the______.
A. Miocene Period was prior to the Pleistocene B. Pleistocene Period was prior to the Miocene
C. Pleistocene Period was prior to the Pliocene D. Pliocene Period was prior to Miocene

Guided Cloze
Set in the red desert of central Australia is the mining town of Coober Pedy. At first sight, the town
looks similar to many other such communities, but Coober Pedy is different. Sixty per cent of its population of
some 4,000 people lives underground. There are today about 800 underground houses as well as shops, hotels and
even churches in the town and the (1)______ hills. Once a site has been chosen, special tunneling machines are
(2)______ in to create passages and rooms in the sandstone. Rock pillars are left to (3)______ the roof, and doors
and windows are cut into the front. Houses are of all shapes and (4)______, the largest having twenty rooms, and
some even have their own swimming pool.
Living underground may sound strange but in fact it has a number of advantages. In summer, the
temperature outside can reach an astonishing 470C, and in winter the nights can be (5)______ cold. However, inside
the houses it remains a steady 250C all year (6)______. Many people say that living underground makes them feel
very secure. There is no problem with noise from the neighbors and the houses are not (7)______. By the fierce
dust storms that regularly (8)______ through the area. And of course, if your family (9)______ or lots of friends
come to stay, you can (10)______ dig another room.

Question 1: A. near B. surrounding C. close D. enclosing

Question 2: A. brought B. placed C. entered D. worked
Question 3: A. rise B. support C. lift D. push
Question 4: A. sizes B. areas C. volumes D. numbers
Question 5: A. heavily B. sharply C. extremely D. strongly
Question 6: A. round B. wide C. across D. along
Question 7: A. influenced B. affected C. spoiled D. disturbed
Question 8: A. sweep B. pour C. hurry D. flood
Question 9: A. explodes B. stretches C. grows D. rises
Question 10: A. only B. regularly C. ever D. always

Verb tenses/ forms

Literally speaking, grand tour (mean) 1___________ ‘big journey’, a French phrase, because in the
latter half of the eighteenth century, at the time of its flourishing, all (educate) 2____________ people in Europe
spoke French and, if they were male, (have) 3____________ a knowledge of Latin and often Greek. For the well-
(bear) 4___________ young men (set) 5___________ off on their Grand Tour, it was indeed a big journey- one that
would take them all round Europe and give them the opportunity to learn the nature and significance of their own
cultural roots. It was a cultural search in the broadest sense. These youths (think) 6______________ (be)
7
_________, in an age innocent of democracy, the future leaders of the country, and it was essential that they
(understand) 8___________their heritage as fully as possible.
The Grand Tour could - and (do) 9___________ - last for several years (involve) 10____________
prolonged residence in the sites of special importance.

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 THE END

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