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Law 1 Notes Kinds of Obligations
Law 1 Notes Kinds of Obligations
4. By parties or subject
a. Unilateral or bilateral – unilateral, where only one party is bound; or bilateral, where both
parties are mutually and reciprocally bound
b. Individual or collective – individual, where there is only one obligor; or collective, where there
are several obligors
3. Joint or solidary – joint, when each obligor is liable only for his proportionate share of the
obligation, or solidary, when each obligor may be held liable for the entire obligation
A. PURE OBLIGATIONS
Art. 1179, par. 1. Every obligation whose performance does not depend upon a future or uncertain
event, or upon a past event unknown to the parties, is demandable at once
- Obligations which contain no terms or conditions whatever upon which depends the fulfilment
of the obligation contracted by the obligor; one without a condition or a term (hence, demandable at
once, provided there will be no absurdity)
*Term or Period – That which necessarily must come (like 2020) whether the parties know
when it will happen or not (like death, since this is sure). A period is a certain length of time which
determines the effectivity or the extinguishment of obligations.
Ex. I promise to pay you P1000.
When the original period or condition has been called by the mutual stipulation of
both parties
*A demand note is subject to neither a suspensive condition nor a suspensive period. The
demand is not a condition precedent, since the effectivity and binding effect of the note does not
depend upon the making of the demand. It follows therefore, that a demand note is strictly a pure
obligation, and payment therefore is immediately demandable in the absence of other restrictions.
Ex. I’l l pay you P1000 on demand.