Densidade (0) CONVERSAO DE UNIDADES : , 1 km = 10%m tem = 10%m 1mm = 107% 1 micron (x) = 106m 1 milimicron (mu) 1 angetram(A) = 101m 1 ft = 12 in = 30,88cm =f in = 2,54cm on = 39,37in = 3,28{t Vilna = 1,609 km = 1609m 1 2 = t4ing = 929cm?__ 2. 10,76 = tr = 10%? 12° 10%cm? = 61,02in? = 0,03532107 pmst? 2 = 35,3207 zs 11? = 7981 US galfo = 0,02832m? = 28,328 1. US galfo = 231in?=.3,7858 1. gallo imperial = 1,201 US gallo 1 kg = 2,2006t = 0,06852 slug 1 ab = 933,6¢ = 0,03108 slug - f stug = 32170» = 14,39 kg ? 1 km/h = 0,2778 m/s = 0,6218 mifh = 0,9113 ft/sec 1 mifh = 1,67 ft/sec = 1,609 km/h = 0,467 m/s 1 N= 10%dina = 0,1020 hgh = 0,2208 by ; 1 thy = 6,008 N = 0,8536 Fat = 3217 pal Pgh = 98N toy = 322 pt j 1 joule = 107 erg. = 0,7376 theft = 0,238g.cal + 9,481.10 BTU 4 cal = 4186 joule = 2087 theft = 3,968.107°8TU mee 1 kbgHt = 1956 joule = 0, 3239 cal = 1,285.10°8TU ywtn = 262 1 kwh = 36108 joule = 860 keal = 3413 BTU (Fs A t watt = 1 jovie/s = 107 erg /s = 0,2389 calls = 1 HP = 530 tbpft/sec = 785,7 watt t * Vkew = 153 AP = 737,6 thtstt/see = 09883 BTU/sec 1 Nn? = 10 dinalem? « 9,868.10°S atm = 2,089.10? toys? 1 Sb in? = 6895 ent 3,171 -cmiig 1 atm = 1,013.10? Nim? = 67 Gynt bead = 7860 is © 01708) ad : 1 gfem? = 10 kf? = 62303 weit? = 1,96 sagt? . : 1 sb/tt? = 0,01602 glem? ay 1 shalt? = 0,5154 g/cm” ' ; 3 2 ‘ + pied 1 cng = 202107 2b» sel #.0,0672 pat + seefts? 1 stokes (St) = 10% centistokes (0) = 1,076 . 10°? s0%/see 1 ft? feec = 92900 (cSt) = 0,01 St *K 2 °C + 273,15 = 5/9 °R 7 x oe tab Ro HF 4 099,67 = 915 *K ba | woe Be an) = eK = 97215CONVERSAO DE UNIDADES Dimensées Grandeza Fisica MLT Comprimento} —L Massa wm. peut g cg Bb slug Tempo if T s s sec sec Velocidade bie | aor cm/s mis ft/sec ftisec Aceleragao LT cm/s? m/s* ft/sec? ft/sec? a aerate gem/s = kgm/s? = | tbit/sect = | slug.tt/sec* i = dina = Newton =| = poundal |. = by Quantidade “} ower '| FT dinas Ns pdlisec Lb psec de Moviment | Energia wir?) FL SaaS palit Ab_ ft Trabalho , oon r Poténcia © || ML?T>) FLT! ergls padl.it/see Lbpftlsec 22 2 Torque ML‘T™* re erg pdlit bp-tt Presséo wu'y?) ee? dina/em? Nig pal/ft? Bb ft? fensso = Pascal(Pa) (. Densidade mi? elem? kgm? wie slug/tt? ee a Bb/ftsec = | slug/ftsec i war BT kg/ms 1B) eee (poise) . epdlsec/it? | =2by-sec/tt? Viscosidade | ,2;-1 | 2p! | emis = ; iecosid fea gaa a, m/s fP/sec ft/sec ee = Stokes (St) : Tensio 2 - Soperficial wr? | rit dinafer Nim pdl/it ab tt py ee qe rad/s rad/s, rad/sec rad/sec eee |) mee | etre gecrn? kg.m? Sb.ft? slug.ft? Vazio 3-1 e 3 A /sec fP'/sec Volumétrica Lae mils ms (c..s) (cL) Vazio : ;Tabela de Integrais Indefinidas 1. fade = ar faplelte = af fae Jlevswete= jude + fie + fn ucts = ww — vac 8. [sp pte=Hfslulau, w= are ‘a a eR Constante dos Gases Ideais (R) 1,987 cal(gmol.K) 1,987 Btu/(Ibmol.°R) 10,73 psia.f/(lbmol.°R) 8,314 kPa. m?(kgmol.K) = 8,314 J(gmol.K) 82,06 cm? atm/(gmol.K) 008206 L.atm/(gmol.K) 21,9 inkHg. £/(lbmol.°R) 0,7302 fatrv/(Ibmol.°R)VISCOSITY OF GASES (PRESSURE — 1 ATMOSPHERE) . sm, = Viscosities at T°K and 273-1°K respectively. = Constant, characteristic of the compound—determined empirically from avatlable data. ~ Reference: J, H. Perry (Ed.), Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 3rd ed., pp. 370-1, McGraw-Hill, N.Y- 1950. Remarks: |. The above equation holds particularly well In the lower temperature ranges. 2. For gases not included here, viscosities at two temperatures are sufficient to locate the required point. 3. If no experimental data are available, viscosity of a gas may be predicted from critical constants by use of chart on page 125. 4, Construction of a slide rule for predicting temperature variation of viscosity of gases hhas been suggested by: K. Sato, Chem. Eng. (Tokyo). 15, 78 (1951). 5, For additional data relating to hydrocarbons, see, J.B, Maxwell, Date Book on’Hydrecorbons, pp. 174-7. Van Nostrand, N.Y., 1950. Usecof the Nomogram: From the following table read the co-ordinates of the substance con- ‘corned and locate the point on the grid. Connect thls point with the desired temperature i and read the corresponding viscosity. CO-ORDINATES FOR USE WITH NOMOGRAM y [=| on 2 tes | om | Freonetis : 130 | 30 | Hehom 19 | Ht | Hexane 300 | 3 | Bysrogen feo | 3 | HTN, we | 3 52 f 3s 13 | y z FH 3 2 4 a : 2 3 “ & : is 46 | Neroct Guige @ | betine 2 B | Propane 7 3 | Propytn Bt | frommee 52 | Soipmur Biocae © 33 | Toluene 3 | 23 Siemcinyovtane 5 | Wate 56 | Xenon tansaa WsCOSsDADE be Gases = 4/22 Viscosity (cP) 01 Q ° o TT [POT en] 0-02 Vireoridade a 20°C erry mM 29 oo S98 oO 9000-— 1.800 essen om Gumi Eger Mes, rt M.Per. Cony 180 ~AS-‘ogen fluoride Hydrogea iodide. Hydrogea Hydrogen sultide, 1"! Hydrogea te.luride. .” elie me Phosphin Silicon Guorie Sulfur dioride.,” fh Densities of Gases at Standard Condi- é tions (0°C., 1 atm, Mol. wt. |—_Density GA. [Lb eu. 02 |~1,1708 |~ 0.0732 ~ a 1.2923 | 0.0808 i703 | 0°7708 | o:o4a2 3991 | 17828 | olttia 159° | 7.1388 | 04460 $8.08 | 2:5985 | 0.1623 4-00 | 19768 | 011235 28-00 | 1/2501 | o:o7et 98.91 | 475313 | 02830 $0.06 | 2:7201 | 0.1700 20.91 | 3:2204 | 9-201) 8.91 | 3.8874 | 0/2428 52.02 | 213348 | 0/1459 30.05 | 173567 | 0.0848 4-50 | 2/8700 | 0.1795 28.03 | 1:26 | 0.0783 38.00 | 176354 | 0: 1022 4.00 | 071769 | o-ornt 2.016 | 0.0898 | 0.0056 36.47 | 16394 | 0.1024 20-01 | 0.9218 | 0.0576 W294 | 5.7245 | 013576 81.22 | 3.6134 | 012258 34:08 | 115392 | 0.0961 129.52 | 5.8034 | 0.3625 82.90 | 3.6431 | 0.2275 16.03 | 0.7167 | O.044s 50.48 | 23044 | 0! 1440 20.40 | 0.8713 | 0.0544 30.01 | 1.3401 | 0.0837 28.02 | 1:2507 | 0.078 4402 | rover | 0.1235 65:47 | 29864 | 0.1865 32:00 | 114289 | 0: 34.05 | 1 104, 4 6 2 30. 5. XEROX - DO GIL3 jar VISCOSITY OF LIQUIDS (PRESSURE =! ATMOSPHERE) Basis: Semi-empirical. : tog » = a(T) = Viscosity at absolute temperature T. @,0 = Constants, characteristic of the substance. Reference: J. H. Perry (Ed.), Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 3rd ed., pp. 372-3, McGraw-Hill, N.Yos 1950. Remarks: |. For compounds not included here, knowledge of viscosities at two temperatures are sufficient to locate the required point. 2. Construction of a slide rule for predicting variation of viscosity of liquids with temperature has been suggested by, K. Sato, Chem. Eng. (Tokyo), 15, 78 (1951). 3. Kern gives some empirical rules for calculating viscosity of mixtures, D. Q. Kern, Process Heat Transfer, p. 161, McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 1950. . Use of the Nomogram: From the table below read the co-ordinates for the compound In question and locate this point on the grid. Connect this point to any desired temperature and read the corresponding viscosity. : Accuracy: The deviations do not exceed 10 per cent and in most cases are far less except at the extremes of the temperature range. TABLE OF CO-ORDINATES | eT] awd (oy Lia x ; =| | 1H | : Play : ae B | Hd it : | ale i a s lis) ig | jue i ha mel a if a iE fo (Sida) paste 3 ae Hs [i7 WWscosiPADE PE LIQUIDES Aho Viscosity (cP) = 100 Virveridade = Z0%¢ Sh | SMe seme cote