Section Instance of abetment Punishment

109 Ideal case: Act abetted has been committed as a Punished with the punishment
result of abetment. provided for the offence.
(no express provision is made under IPC)
110 Where the abetted person commits an act with The abettor shall be punishable
different intention or knowledge than that of the for the offence which would have
abettor. been committed if the act was
done with the same intention or
Example: where X tells Y that Sheena has her
knowledge.
taken her diamond necklace and instigates Y to
bring it back to her hideously because Sheena has
not been returning it back intentionally. Y who is
Sheena’s friend visits her house and gets the
necklace for X. Y had lied about owning the
necklace.

111 Act abetted and act committed are different. Abettor is liable for the act done
in the same manner as if he had
(Difference can be in terms of the offence
abetted that act only.
entirely, the victim etc.)
Provided: the act done was a
e.g., A gives poison to B to administer to C. B
probable consequence of the act
confusing D to be C, administers poison to D.
abetted.
112 Where act abetted is committed + additionally, Cumulative punishment for both
liability under section 111 is also there, meaning the act committed and act done.
thereby that there was another offence
committed.

e.g., A tells B, a body builder to resist by force Difference between

distress by police office PO. B resists the distress 111 and 112
and in the course of resistance, caused grievous
injury to the PO by use of force.

A here is liable for

 Act abetted– offence of resisting

distress by force

 Additional act-- causing grievous

injury (this was a probable
consequence of the act abetted,
as use of force by a body builder
is likely to cause grave injury)

113 Effect caused by the act abetted is different than
that intended by the abettor.
(act committed is graver than the act abetted,
however, a likely consequence)
The abettor is liable for the effect
actually caused in the same
manner and to the same extent
as if he had intended to cause
 that effect only.

However, the actual effect

should be a known probable
consequence of the act abetted.

Difference between
111 and 113

114 Abettor present when offence abetted is Punishable not as an abettor but
committed. as the principal offender.

He shall be deemed to have

committed the offence.
115 Abetment of offence punishable with life If no offence is committed, then
imprisonment or death + acts having abetted the abettor is convicted and
must not have taken place. charged with imprisonment for
seven years.

In case hurt is caused as a result

of the abetment then the abettor
is punished with fourteen years
of imprisonment.

116 Abetment of offence punishable with Abettor is guilty of imprisonment

imprisonment + acts abetted have not taken for one-fourth of the maximum
place. term of imprisonment provided
for that offence or fine, or both.
117 Abetting commission of offence by the public or Imprisonment of either
by more than ten persons description for a term which may
extend to three years, or with
e.g. A affixes in a public place a placard instigating
fine, or with both.
a sect consisting of more than ten members to
meet at a certain time and place, for the purpose
of attacking the members of an adverse sect,
while engaged in a procession. A has committed
the offence defined in this section.