13Br

azi
l
ianMusi
c
A.ThenBrazi
li
an
B.1938,
Brazil
’
smusi candf ol
k’
swhat
C.Whatistherecor
dintension1-
16thesecond
D.Thei
rrecor
di sanatural
voice,
thevoi
ceofcatt
leandsheep
BADC

14Veget
ari
an
A.Manyv eget
ari
anshav ebeensuccessfulfrom t
hesefoods.
B.Manyv eget
ari
anal soattr
actnonvegetari
ans.
C.Vegetari
aneatthingswhichdonotincludemeat .
D.Theschoolrestaurantaccor
dingt
ot hei
rrequesttomakether
elev
antf
ood.
E.Butthi
sdietsti
l
l hassomer i
sk.
CDBAE

17CarAcci
dent
A.Attenti
onshouldbepai dt othey oungpeopl
emor econcern,(Moreconcernabout
them)
B.Newmeasur es,recommendat ionsmor equal
if
icat
ionsforteenagertogetl
icense
(Alsother
eisasy stem)
C.Mor ecaraccidentinthemor ning,
D.Exampl esandf i
gures,(
Forexampl einpor
tMacquarie)
E.Inparti
cular
,teenagedriveraccidents,(
Theysomeot herpeople)Li
nk:t
hesecase
CDEAB

18Sy
stem
A.Well,
thereisadirectanswertot
hequestion.
B.Iti
sasy st
em ...
.(Notethatt
hepronounrefer
stothefir
stsentenceofthesy
stem)
,
C.Thisenables..
.tools.
..
.(Thi
sref
erstothesystem andi
ntroducetool
s)
D.Askwhatsy stem canbehow?
E.Thesetools..
..
..
.
DABC

19Fest
ival
A.Whatisafest
ival,
B.Fi
nal
lyhowwilltheawardbegi
ven
C.andt
henhowt hisfesti
val
,
D.andt
hentherear egames,
ACDB
20Aust
ral
i
a’sI
mmi
grat
ionPol
i
cy
A.Australi
ausedt ohav eagenerousimmi grati
onpolicyf
orrefugeesfleeingviol
ence
and
confl
ict
.
B.Atthesamet ime,araftofchangeswasi ntroducedtoalt
erAustral
ia'smi gr
ati
on
l
awand
poli
cy.
C.Wet ookev enmor ethanourshar eofrefugeesonapopul at
ion-wei
ght edbasic.
D.Withtheel ect
ionofanewadmi nist
rati
on,allref
ugeesweresubjecttodet enti
on
whil
e
wait
ingforadeci sionontheirappl
icati
on.
E.Therat eofrefugeearri
val
shasi ndeedslowed; but
,assomear gue,att heexpense
ofour
humanr ightsreputat
ion.
ACDBE

21BookLi
st
A.Thel
istsal
sohasot herpubli
cati
ons..
.;
B.i
tsort
edbydat esand***;
C.AGermanwr i
terhasbooksl i
stfor***
,
D.buti
tdoesn’
tpr ov
idesearchfuncti
on
CADB

22Rai
l
wayDev
elopment
A.Changedt ost eel,
B.Finall
y,howcant hi
swagonl ookli
ke
C.Firstsaidbeforetherailwi
thwood,
D.Af ewy earsl
at erapersonali
nventi
onoft
hewagon,
E.Laterindustr
iali
zed,
CEADB

41Ev
olut
ionPr
ogr
ess
A.Today ,
manyy earslater,manybel i
ev ethatev oluti
onhaspr ogr
essedatt hesame
steadyr ateandt hattheabsenceoft ransi
tional formscanbeexpl ainedbyDar win’
s
argumentt hattherearehugegapsi nt hefossi l
recordandt hatt r
ansitionusual l
y
occur redi noner estri
ctedlocalit
y .
B.Ot her s,howev er,bel
ievet hatthef ossil
ev idencesuggest st hat,
atv ariousst ages
i
nt hehi stor yofli
fe,evolutionprogressedr apidly,i
nspur ts,andt hatmaj orchanges
occur redatt hesepoints.
C.Pal eont ologist
sst i
ll
ar gueaboutt heor iginsofmaj orgr oups, t
houghnewf ossil
fi
ndssi nce
Darwi n’stimehav eclearedupmanyoft hedi spariti
esi nt hef ossilr
ecor d.Ev en
duringDar wi n’
sli
fetime,somet ransiti
onal formswer ef ound.
D.Anev olvinggroupmayhav ereachedast ageatwhi chi thadanadv ant ageov er
othergr oupsandwasabl et oexploitnewni chesi nnatur e.Climat echangemayal so
havepr oduceda“ spurt”,
asmi ghttheext i
nct ionofot hergr oupsorspeci es, l
eaving
manyni chesv acant.
CABD
46Heal
thyFood
A.Thi sisgi vi
ngust hemessaget hatweneednewandenhancedef fort
st oincrease
frui
tand
vegetabl eintaket hatwehav en’tbeendoi ngi nthepast .
B.Ultimat ely,Teensi nmiddleadol escencear eeatingfewerf r
uitsandveget abl
es
thani n1999, Larsonandcol leaguesf ound.
C.Fruitandv eget abl
eintakeisimpor tantfort hepreventionoff utur
echr oni
cdisease.
Soi t
’simpor t
antt oknowwhet herintakesoft eensar eappr oachingnational
objectivesf orfruitandvegetableconsumpt ion.
D.Lar sonandcol leaguesfrom theUni versit
yofMi nnesotaunder tookthest udyto
exami ne
whet herornott eensinthest atewer eincreasingtheirintakeoff rui
tsandv egetables.
Thest udygat heredinfor
mat ionaboutf rui
tandv egetableintakeamong944boy s
and1, 161gi rlsin1999andagai nin2004.
CDBA

48YoungPeopl
eandMoney
A.Now,youngpeopl
eareget
ti
ngmoreandmor
emoney
.
B.spendmoneyfast
ert
hanmakingmoney
C.andthenhav
etoberepayment
.
ABC

49UN
A.…cal l
edUN;
B.UN…;
C.…t hoseproblemswillot
herwi
senotablet
o…
D.it…tof ocusonwor l
dprobl
ems;
E.forexampl e,
iti
nvi
tespresi
dent
setc.t
oattendt
heconf
erenceanddi
scuss
probl
emsas…
ABDEC

54Roadsofr
ail
s
A.I
n1813The‘ Puff
ingBi l
ly’
wasbui l
tbyWi l
l
iam Hedleytopul l
coalwagonsatthe
Wylam Col
li
er yinNor thumber l
and.
B.I
n1825, Geor geSt ephensondesignedlocomot ivesthatcouldpul
l21coal
wagons25mi lesat8mph–unhear dofatthet i
me.
C.Roadsofr ailscal
ledWagonway swer ebeingusedi nGermanyasearlyas1550.
D.Theseprimit i
verailedroadsconsist
edofwoodenr ail
sov erwhi
chhorse-
drawn
wagonsorcar tsmov edwi t
hgreatereasethanov erdir
troads.
CDAB–t imel ine
55Fi
bres
A.Thef ibresar easst rongandsof taswool andsi lk,
butupt o30timescheaper .
NarendaReddyandYi qi Yang, whopr oducedt hef i
bresattheUniversi
tyofNebr aska
i
nLi ncol n,sayt hatbecauset heyar ebiodegr adabletheymightbeusedi nbiomedi cal
applicat i
onssuchassur gical sutures.
B.Vi staincludessof twar ef orbet terhandl i
ngofaudi oandv i
deof i
l
es,andf or
searchi ngand
sortingdi git
al i
mages.
C.Af terf i
vey earsand$6bi l
l
ioni ndev elopment ,pl
usmont hsofdelay,Microsoft
fi
nallylaunchedi tsVistaoper at i
ngsy stem on30Januar y.
D.Fi bressui t
abl eforclot hinghav ebeenmadef orthefi
rstti
mefrom thewheat
proteingl uten.
E.Ithashomeandbusi nessv ersions,aswel lasapr emium ver
sioncalledVista
Ulti
mat e,whichal l
owspeopl et ousev i
deor atherthanstil
li
magesaswal lpaperon
theirPCs.
DACBE

56Thei
gnor
anceoft
hepoor
A.Int hi slandmar kaccount ,f
irstpubl i
shedov ert wentyy ear sago, theaut horargues
thatthei gnoranceandl et hargyoft hepoorar et hedirectr esul tofthewhol esituati
on
ofeconomi c,socialandpol i
ti
cal domi nat ion, bybei ngkepti nasi t
uat i
oni nwhich
cri
tical awar enessandr esponsear epr acticallyimpossi blet hedisadv antagedar e
kept‘ submer ged’.
B.Kar lMar xisarguabl yt hemostoft hemostf amouspol iticalphilosopherofal l
time,
buthewasal sooneoft hegr eatf oreigncor respondent soft he10- centur y
.Duringhis
qqy ear swr i
ti
ngf ortheNewYor kTr ibune–t hei rcoll
abor at ionbegani n1852–Mar x
tackledanabundanceoft opics, f
rom i ssuesofcl assandt hest atet owor ldaff
airs.
C.Hi st ori
cally,t
helowl ev elofpol i
tical autonomyoft heci ti
esi nChi nai spartl
ya
resultoft heearlydev elopmentoft hest atebur eaucracy, Thebur eaucr atsplayeda
maj orr oleint hegrowt hofur baniz ati
on, butwer ealsoabl et ocont rolitssubsequent
developmentandt heynev ercompl etel ygav eupt hiscont rol .
D.Wel farehasaspeci al polit
icalmeani ngt otheUni t
edSt at esitreferst ohowt he
poorr ecei vesf i
nancial aid.Incompar ison, wel fareservicesar er egardedasa
univer sal ri
ghtinotherr egi onsl i
keEur ope, Wher eitisbel i
ev edthatal lciti
zens
shoul dbeabl etoobt ainami nimal level ofsoci alsuppor tandwel l-
being.
BACD

65Educat
ional
syst
em
A.Itist oughpr oposit
ionwhenmostoft heothersector
sar einfl
uencedbyself-
i
nterest sand
mat erialpursuit
sev er
y where
B.Howev er
,teachereducat i
onneedst oemphasi sethatteachersalonecankindle
thev aluebasedgr owth.
C.Wi thal lt
helimitati
onsanddef i
cienciesinherenti
noureducat ionalsy
stem hasto
be
achiev edonlythroughcombi nedeffor
toft eachersandcommuni ty
D.Av aluebasedappr oachmustf ormthebackboneofeducat ionalsyst
em andalso
theteachereducat i
onsy stem
E.Teacherpr eparati
onmustensur edevelopmentofcommi tmentamongstt eachers
CDEAB
66Capi
tal
i
sm
A.Incapital
ism, wealthi
sconcent rat
edinthehandsofaf ew
B.Thedomi nationoft hecapital
istcl
asstodayisj usti
fi
edi nthenameofeconomi c
growthandpopul ati
oneffi
ciency
C.Ther esul
tantdepr i
vati
onsar evari
ableevenint hedev el
opedcount r
ies
D.IntheWest ,menar eonlycapableofseeingtheext ernalaspectsofthi
ngs
E.IntheUSabout12mi ll
i
onpeopl earehomel ess, one-
thir
doft hepeoplecannot
affor
d
pri
mar yhealthcar e,
20percentoft hechil
drenli
vebel owt hepov er
tyli
ne,andabout
23
percentofthepeopl eareil
lit
eratewithnosecurityofeitherjoborlif
e
DABCE

76Chi
l
dren'
sdepr
essi
on
A.Justaswi t
hadul ts,pessimisticway sofi nter pretingdef eatsseem tof eedthe
senseof
helpl
essnessandhopel essnessatt hehear tofchi ldren' sdepression.Thatpeople
whoar e
alr
eadydepr essedt hinkintheseway shasl ongbeenknown
B.Onel i
neofev idencecomesf rom st udiesofchi ldren'sbel i
efabouttheirownabi l
it
y
tocontrolwhathappensi ntheirli
ves-f orexampl e, beingabl etochanget hingsfor
thebetter.Thisassessedbychi l
dren'sr ati
ngoft hemsel vesinsucht erm as: '
whenI
haveprobl emsathomeI 'mbetterthanmostki dsathel pingtosolveproblems' and
'
WhenIwor khar d,Igetgoodgr ades'.
C.Thisinsightsuggest sawi ndowofoppor tunityf orinocul at
ingthem against
depressionbef oreitst ri
kes.
D.Whathasonl yrecent lyemer ged,though, ist hatchi ldren'sbeli
efsaboutt hei
rown
abil
it
ytocont rol whathappensi ntheirlives

ADCB

91Exchangecont
rol
A.Indeed, unlesst heyar ewi l
lingt ot akeopenposi ti
ons, t
heywi l
lceasetobemar ket
-
maker s.Largeov erboughtorov ersoldposi ti
onsareoftendeliberat
elybui
ltupinthe
hopeofpr ofi
tingf rom pricemov ement s
B.Exchangecont roldoesnotal toget herprohibi
tIndianbankskeepi ngopen
positi
onsdur ing
thecour seofaday .Thus, dependi ngont hepolicyofabank, dealersmaybeal l
owed
totake
i
ntra-dayposi tionsi nordert omakepr ofi
t
C.Fori nstance, adeal erexpect ingt hedollartoweakendur i
ngt hedaymight
deli
berat el
y
create,throughcust omert ransact ionsandt r
ansacti
oni ntheinter-
bankmar ket
,an
oversold
positi
oni nthehopeofsquar ingi tlaterduringadayatapr ofi
t,shouldhi
s
expectationabout
thedollarweakeni ngmat eri
alise.
D.Formar ket-maker soff
er i
ngt wo- wayquot esintheinternat
ionalmarkets,
open
positi
onsar ef armor ecommon.
BCAD
112Pol
i
cyofopenencour
agement
A.Whi let heov erwhel mi ngt hr usthasal lalongbeent owar dst hegoal ofasel f-sufficient
economyandoff reeingnat ional economi candi ndust r
ial poli
cyf rom t hedi ctatesand
mani pul at esoff oreigncapi tal,thecompul sionsofaneconomyofscar cit yandchr oni c
foreignexchangedef i
ciencyal sohadanef fecti nshapi ngof f
ici alpol i
cyt owar dsf or eign
i
nv est mentandf oreigncol l
abor ation.
B.Dur i
ngt hesev entiesandei ght ies, offi
cial vi
ewhasbeeni nev itablyinf luencedbyt he
cont rover syt hewor ldov eront her oleofmul t
inat i
onalcor por ationsi nr elationt othi rdwor l
d
count ries
C.Si nceI ndependencet hepol icyoft hegov ernmentofI ndiat owar dspr ivatef orei
gn
i
nv est mentand
collabor at i
onhasmov edf rom caut iousencour agementt hroughabr iefspel lofnear' open
door 'int hef ift
ies, alongphaseofr igoroussel ect i
vit
yfrom 1968t o1991ont ocur rentpost -
1991pol i
cyofopenencour agementofdi recti nv estmentspeci all
yi npr ior it
yar easev enwi th
51per centpar ticipationi nequi ty.IndependentI ndiastartedwi thal egacyofwel l-
est abl i
shed
foreigncapi t
al andal lthef earandpr ej
udi ceassoci atedwi t
hi t
D.Basedont heexposur eofaser iesofmi sdeedsper pet rat
edonsomet hir
dcount riesby
someoft hemul ti
nat i
onal likeI nter national TelephoneandTel egr aphcor p.(ITT),Uni tedFrui
t,
UnionMi ni er
eandLockheed, cr i
ticism wel ledupagai nstt heMNCsi nt heI ndianpar liament
andout si de.Ont heot herhand, ther ewasal soar eal
isationt hatal lforei gnent erprises
oper atingi nIndiashoul dnotbet ar redwi tht hesamebr ushandt hatt her ewer esome
amongstt hem whower eper f
or mi ngausef ulrol eintheeconomybyt hei rimpor t-
subst it
ut ionorexpor t-orient edoper ati
on, orbymaki ngv aluabl econt ribut iont othe
technol ogi cal skillandcapabi lityofourcount ry.
CABD

113Jour
nal
i
sts
A.Journali
ststrytobef airandobj ect
ivebypresent
ingall
sidesofapar ti
cul
arissue.
B.Practi
call
yspeaki ng,howev er,i
tisaboutaseasytopresentallsidesofanissue
asitisto
i
nv i
tecandidatesfrom al lpoli
ticalpar
ti
estoapr esi
dent
ialdebate.
C.Althoughexpertsl i
kej ournalist
sareexpectedtobeunbiasedt heyinv
ari
abl
yshar e
the
system bi
asesoft hedi scipli
nesandcul tur
esinwhichtheywor k.
D.Someper spect
ivesul ti
mat elyarenotincl
uded.

CABD

115Di
etar
ysuppl
ement
s
A.Butov erthepastsev eral
year s,regulat
orshav edet ectedprohi bi
tedsubst
ancesin
someoft heseproductsthataren’tincludedont hel abels.
B.Thedr ugsibutramineisoneoft hesesubst ances
C.Diet
arysuppl ement scanappeart obeaheal thf ul opti
onf ortreat
ingcert
ainheal
th
condit
ions.
D.Theirlabelsl
istherbsorot hernat urali
ngredient st hatconsumer sassumear e
safetotake.
E.I
twasonceappr ovedforwei ghtlossbutwaswi thdr awnaf terconcernsaroset
hat
the
medicati
oncoul di ncr
easether iskofhear tatt
acks.
CDABE
116Housepr
ices
A.Amer i
cansboughtf arfewernewhomesl astmont h,accordingt ogovernment
datareleasedonWednesdayt hatshowedsal esf ell
atthefast estrat
ein13y ears.
B.StephenSt anley,chiefeconomi statRBSGr eenwichCapi t
al, sai
d:"Bui
lder
swi l
l
probablyhav etocont inuet oworkof fbl
oatedst ocksoffini
shedhomesf ormostof
2007."
C.Howev er
,theFeder al Reserveviewstheov erhangofunsol dhomesascausef or
concer nbutremainscaut iousl
y.
D.Housepr i
cesalsoeasedast hemedi ancostofanewhomef el
l2.
1percentf r
om
ay earagot o$239,800.
E.Thepaceofsal esf ellto937,000from arateof1. 1m thepr ev i
ousmont h,
while
i
nv entori
esofunsol dhomesst oodat537,000.
F.Thebi ggestdropwasi nthewest ,wher
esal esf el
l37percentt oanannual r
ateof
166,000.

ADEFBC

117Ar
evi
ew
A.Iti
sar evi
ewofwhaty ouaresupposedtoaccompl i
shnotwhatyouaregoingt
o
do.
B.Ar eviewisasurveyofwhatyouhav ecover
ed.
C.Rer eadingisani
mportantpar
toftherevi
ewpr ocess.
D.Rer eadwi t
hthei
deathatyouaremeasuringwhaty ouhavegai
nedfrom t
he
process.
BACD

118Wat
chi
ngel
ephant
s
A.Whi l
ewatchingel ephantsint heSambur uNationalReserveinnorther
nKenya,I
noti
cedonet hatwal kedverysl owly.
B.Theywoul dwalkawhi l
eandt henstopandl ookaroundt oseewher eshewas.
C.Dependingonhowshewasdoi ng,theywouldeitherwaitorgoon.
D.ElephantexpertlainDougl as-Hamil
tontoldmet hatthisfemaleelephant
,Baby
l,
hadbeen
cri
ppledforyears,buttheot hermember softheherdnev erlef
ther.
E.Somet i
mest hemat r
iar
chev enfedBabyl

ADBCE

119TheHi
ghwayCode
A.Ananal ogycanbemadet otheHighwayCodef ordri
ving.Dr
iversknowt heCode
andhav eindeedbeent estedonittoobtai
nadr i
vi
ngl i
cense.
B.Inlanguagel earning,t
hereisadis nc onbet ween―compet ence‖and
―per formance‖ .
Compet encei sast ateofthespeaker'smind-whatheorsheknows.
C.Separ at
ef r
om act ualperformance-whatheorshedoeswhi l
epr oducingor
compr ehendinglanguage.I notherwords,
competencei sputtouset hrough
perfor
mance.
D.Knowi ngtheHi ghwayCodei snotthesameasdr ivi
ng.
E.Inactualdrivi
ng, however,thedri
verhastorel
atetheCodet oacont inuousf
lowof
changingcircumst ances,andmayev enbr
eakitfr
om timet oti
me.
BCAED
120AGer
mansoci
ologi
st
A.Themat er i
alhasbeencat alogued,cross-
ref
erencedandor gani
zedbydat e.
B.Therei
s, howev er,
nosear chf aci
l
ity
.
C.Thissi
tecont ainsacompr ehensi
velisti
ngofthewor ksofNorbertEl
ias,
aGer man
soci
ologi
st.
D.Thesit
el istsnotonlyhispubl i
shedbooksandar ti
clesbutalsomanuscriptsand
oral
communicat ions,i
nav ar
ietyofmedi aandi ncl
udingrepri
ntsandtransl
ati
ons.

CDAB

121Ahappyhome
A.Thef inestassetanychil
dcanhav eisahappyhome.
B.Ifheexhi bit
sgoodjudgementi nlateryears,
muchoft hecredi
tmustgot othose
whot rai
nedhi m.
C.Suchenv i
ronmentwill
enabl ehi
mt odevelopstrengthandstabi
li
tyofcharact
er
thereby
teachinghimt ofacethefuturewithoutfearorundueanxi ety
.
D.Italsowi l
lgivehi
m somet hi
ngwor thwhiletoli
vef or
.
E.Ifhefails,i
tmayhav ebeenduet otroubl
esinhishome, hi
sschoolor
unsy mpatheticand
hostil
erelativ
e.

ACDEB

122Mast
erHugh'
sfami
l
y
A.Mrs.Hugh, whohadki ndlyconsent edtoinstr
uctme,had, i
ncompl i
ancewit
hthe
advi
ceanddi rect i
onofherhusband, notonlyceasedtoinstr
uct,buthadsetherf
ace
agai
nstmybei ngi nstr
uctedbyany oneel se.
B.Il
ivedinMast erHugh'sfamilyforsev enyears.
C.Duringthi
st ime, Isucceededinlear ni
ngtoreadandwr it
e.
D.Ihadnor egulart eacher.
E.I
naccompl ishi ngthis,
Iwascompel ledtoresortt
ovariousstr
atagems.

BCEDA

123De-
indust
ri
ali
sat
ion
A.Pol i
cyshouldther eforef ocusonr emov i
ngobst acles(suchast radebarri
ersand
regulation)
,tosuchpr oduct i
vi
tygr owth,andcr eati
ngal abourmar ketinwhich
wor kerscanmov ef reelyf rom factoryempl oymentt oser v
ices.
B.De- i
ndustri
ali
sationcausespr oblemsi neconomi esunabl etoabsorbt heworker
s
rel
easedbymanuf acturing.
C.Pr otecti
onandsubsi diespushj ustt hewr ongway .
D.Butt hosewhowoul dt acklethisbysubsi diesortradebar ri
ersaremi ssi
ngthe
point.
E.Asmanuf actur
ingcont inuest oshr i
nkinaneconomy ,overal
lgrowthwi l
l
i
ncr easingl
ydependonboost ingpr oducti
vi
tyi nservi
ces.

BDEAC
124I
nnov
ati
on
A.Innovationisaboutdoingwhatdel i
ghtsthecustomer,notjustsatisf
yingthe
customer .
B.Buty oucan'tinventrev
olutionaryproductsi
naconser vati
veenv i
ronment .
C.It'
sgivi
ngt hecust omersomet hingtheydidn'
texpect.Theycan'taskf orit
becauset heycan'tknowwhati ti
sbefor ei
tiscreat
ed.
D.Oncei thasbeeni nvented,customer scan'
timagineeverhavingli
v edwi t
houti
t.
E.Youhav etoletpeoplethinkandactout si
detheircor
porate―boxes‖ .Youhav eto
createanat mospher eofinnovati
on.

ACDEB

125Theext
inctani
mal
A.Thef indingshavebeenpubl i
shedi nthejournalopenaccessPeerJ.
B.Itthenspentdecadesi nthecol l
ectionoftheSmi thsonianMuseum ofNat ural
Historyin
Washi ngtonDC.
C.Thef ossil,apart
ial
skullabout22cm ( 9i
ns)long, wasdiscoveredinsout
heast er
n
Alaskabygeol ogi
stDonaldJMi l
lerin1961.
D.Theext i
nctanimalhasbeendescr ibedthroughr e-examinat
ionofaspecimen
that'
sbeeni namuseum col l
ect
ionsi nce1951.
E.Resear chersthi
nkitisarelat
iveoft heendangeredSout hAsi anri
verdol
phin,
offeri
ngcl uestotheevolut
ionaryhistoryofmodernspeci es.
DEACB

126Thedest
ruct
ionoft
hef
orest
s
A.Theear thislosingi t
sforests.Presently
,treescov erabout30per centofthe
ear th'ssurface,butt heyarebei ngdestroyedatanal armingr ate,especial
lyinthe
tropi cs.
B.Thet i
mber sar eusedf orbui l
dinghouses, makingf urnit
ure,andpr ovi
dingpulpfor
paper
product s,suchasnewspaper sandmagazi nes.
C.Atl east40hect aresofrainforestarebeingf el
ledev erymi nute,most l
yi nordert
o
extr actthev aluablet i
mber .
D.Anot herwayt hatmani sdest r
oyingthewor ld'
sfor estsisbybur ni
ngthem down.
Int he
Amazon, forexampl e, r
ainforestsarebeingbur ntdownatar ateof20hect aresa
mi nut es.
E.Ti mberhar vestingisamaj orreasonforthedest ructionoft hef orest
s.

AEBCD

127Whol
esal
es
A.Unlesst heyareli
censedorauthorisedtodosoundert hePoisonsand
TherapeuticGoods
Regulat
ion2002, noonemaysuppl ytheseSchedule2substances.
B.Aper sonorcompanyl ocat
edinNewSout hWalesmaynotsuppl ybywhol
esal
es
anysubst ancewhichisforthei
rtherapeuti
cuseandincludedinSchedul
e2ofthe
PoisonsLi st
.
C.Additionall
y,whol
esaleshaveanobl igat
iont
oensurethatthepersonsor
compani
esthey
suppl
yar
eli
censedorauthori
sed,
toobtai
n,use,
suppl
yorpossessthesubstance.
D.Anybr
eachoftheser
egulati
onswi
llr
esulti
nimmediat
eter
mi nat
ionemployment.

BACD
128Hi
stor
ical
recor
ds
A.Howev er,whenar chaeol ogistswantknowt heabsol utedateofasit
e,theycan
oftengo
bey ondsi mpl estrati
graphy .
B.Theser i
esofst rat
ai nanar chaeologicaldigenabl esanexcav at
ortodate
recov eredobj ectsrelati
vely,ifnotabsol utel
y.
C.Forexampl e,tr
eer ings,Dendr ochronology( li
terall
y,―tree me‖ )dat
eswooden
artefact sbymat chingt heirringpat t
ernst oknownr ecords,which,
insomear easof
thewor ld,spansev eralthousandy ears.
D.Hi stor i
calrecords,coins, andot herdate-bearingobj ectscanhel
p-iftheyexist
.
Butev en
prehist ori
csitescont ainrecor ds-wr i
tteninnat ure'shand.

DBAC

129Fest
ival
inTheDeser
t
A.The"Festi
vali
nTheDeser t"isacel
ebrati
onofthemusicalher
itageoftheTouareg,
afier
cel
yindependentnomadi cpeopl
e.
B.Reachi
ngittest
sendur ance,wi
thmilesofimpermanentsandtrackstonegot
iate.
C.Therewardofnav i
gat
ingt hi
sroughterr
aincomesintheform ofathree-
dayfeast
ofmusicanddance.
D.Iti
sheldannuall
ynearEssakane,anoasissome40mi l
esnorth-westofTi
mbukt u,
theanci
entcit
yont heNigerRiver
.

ADBC

130.Nat
iveEngl
i
shspeaker
A.Anyonewant i
ngt ogettothet opofint ernati
onalbusi
ness,medicineoracademi a
(but
possi
bl ynotsport)needst obeabl etospeakEngl i
shtoaprettyhi
ghl evel
.
B.Equal l
y,anynati
veEngl i
shspeakerwant i
ngtodeal wi
ththesenewhi ghachi ever
s
needst oknowhowt otal
kwi t
houtbaf f
lingt hem.
C.BecausesomanyEngl ish-
speakerst odayar emonoglots,t
heyhav elit
tl
ei deahow
dif
fi
cultitistomast eranotherlanguage.
D.Manyt hi
nkthebestwayt omakef orei gnersunderst
andistobechat tyand
i
nformal .
E.Thismayseem f r
iendlybut,asitprobabl yinvol
vesusingcoll
oquialexpressions,
it
makes
compr ehensionharder.

ABCDE

131Embr
yoni
cst
em cel
l
s
A.Thesest em cell
shav ebeenfoundi nti
ssuessuchast hebrai
n,bonemarrow,
blood,bl
ood
vessels,
skelet
al muscles,ski
n,andt heli
ver.
B.Someexampl ecitedforapossi bl
etreatmentusingthesecel
lsaredi
abet
es,motor
neuron
diseaseandPar ki
nson'sdisease.
C.Theymi ghtthusbeusedast reatmentsfordiseasesthatr
equir
etherepl
acement
ofa
part
icul
ar,
lostcel
ltype.
D.Embryonicstem cel
lsareval
uedbysci
ent
ist
sbecauset
hecel
l
s'descendantcan
tur
nintoanyothersortofbodycel
l

DACB
132Educat
ional
Medi
aSer
vices
A.EducationalMedi aSer vi
cesr unsaFi lmi
ngCoor di
nati
ngser v
icewhi chact sasa
star
ti
ngpoi ntf orfi
lm compani eswi shingtouset heUniversi
tyasal ocati
on,and
provi
desadv iceandsuppor tf ort hosepar tsoftheUniver
sit
ywhi chreceiverequests
toactaslocat i
onforcommer ci alfil
mi ng.
B.TheFi lmi ngCoor dinat ordr awson20y earsexperi
enceoff i
lmingar oundt hese
l
ocations,andasknowl edgeoft heneedsofcr ewsandt herequirementsoft he
owner soflocat i
ons.
C.Oxf or
dUni versit
yhasav astcol l
ectionofbuildi
ngsandr oomsdat ingf rom the
11thcent uryt ot hepr esentday ,anddesi gnedbyar chit
ectssuchasWr enand
Cockerell
,Ar neJacobsenandNor manFost er.
D.Aspar toft heser vice,basedonknowl edgeoft heUniversi
tyyear,hewi l
lalso
advi
seont hel i
kelyavailabil
it
yofr ooms.

ACBD