Establishing Training Center for Cattle Animal First Aid

Training for Yeka Sub city unemployed Youths

 ABSTRACT

The general objective of the project is to establish cattle animals’ first aid training center
in Addis Ababa Yeka Subcity so that unemployed youths of the sub city will get in to the
free training center to give simple medical treatments for surrounding home based dairy
service animals.

Home based dairy services are now a days facing difficult challenges to run their business
due to lack of affordable accessible medical treatments and ample feeds. Most of them
are now closing their business. This project mainly focuses enhancing these home based
dairy services by creating easily medical access to their animals.

The project proposal has clearly stated the objectives, scope and methodologies besides
feasibility studies like Marketing, Social, Technical, Economic, Financial,
Organizational and environmental analyses

Financial costs and all required items are listed with their estimated prices in addition to
the possible challenges that this project may face while implementation. In general the
project is feasible and worth implementing to benefit unemployed youths, disadvantaged
home based dairy services and possible to align with different government policies and
programs.

Keywords: home based dairy services, unemployed youths, cattle animals,

Table of Contents

Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 1

Vision and Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 2
Vision .................................................................................................................................................. 2
Objectives ........................................................................................................................................... 2
Goals ................................................................................................................................................... 2
Scope .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Description of the project ........................................................................................................................ 3
Methodology........................................................................................................................................... 3
Commercial/Market feasibility ................................................................................................................ 4
Technical Study ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Organizational Analysis.......................................................................................................................... 10
Financial Analysis .................................................................................................................................. 11
Training Center Renovation ............................................................................................................... 11
Cost of Training Rooms ...................................................................................................................... 12
Cost of Training Materials .................................................................................................................. 12
Training Guide Lines and Manuals Cost .............................................................................................. 13
Cost Summary ................................................................................................................................... 14
Finance Sources ................................................................................................................................. 14
Economic Analysis ................................................................................................................................. 14
Social Analysis ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Environmental Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 15
Time Frame and Plan ............................................................................................................................. 16
Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................................... 17
Executive Summary
In Ethiopia, 11.4 million milking cows are currently producing 3,044,977 tons of milk every
year. According to Belgium Ethiopian Embassy website, Ethiopian dairy cattle population
is distributed over all areas of the country, but the four regions with the highest number
of milking cows are Oromia (44%), Amhara (17%), SNNP (22%) and Tigray (9%).
However, FAO states: the average per capita consumption of dairy products of the
country is estimated at around 44.14 kilogram per year ranking 129th from the world which
is almost 10 times less than first ranked Finland (430.76kg/capita) while ranking the 5th in
the number of worldwide cattle population.

At the current production rate, there’s an annual shortage of milk especially in the cities
because of the discouraging and challenging diary business sector of the country for both
formal and informal milk producers. FAO research in 2018 shows the number of Home
based milk suppliers or informal milk suppliers that cover 70% of the market share are
now decreasing and most of them are now on the verge of closing facing many
challenges.

Ethiopia Ministry of Agriculture in its website states three major technical constraints of
milk development in the country, Animal Disease, Feed and Nutrition and Genotype.
Among these three challenges this project focuses on Animal Disease treatment solutions

Such luck of easy diary cattle’s medical treatment access for home based diary services,
cattle owners are suffering the challenges of getting professional for simple medical cases
and may lose their animal. Most of the home based diary animal diseases are treated
traditionally inside their farm due to the expensive transportation expense to carry the
animal to veterinary medical centers or afraid of vet fee

As a result milk prices in urban areas are being pushed up as demand is also
exponentially increasing because of urbanization where people are fleeing to cities with
different reasons. The discouraged local diary markets cannot satisfy this huge demand
so consumers are leaning to imported products, particularly powdered milk costing the
country huge amount of foreign currency.

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Hence, this project sees the opportunity on luck of affordable, easily accessible veterinary
medical accesses and proposes to establish dairy cattle’s first aid training center in Addis
Ababa, Yeka sub city around Yeka Abado area for unemployed youths.

Accordingly, the planned center is set to provide free first aid veterinary medical treatment
training for 50 unemployed youths selected from different “woredas” of the sub city so
that they can give first aid medical treatment services and get income out of it.

The one year project is expected to be completed in one year with the cost of Birr 3.5
million finding financial sources from government or non-state actors. Generally’ the
project is technically feasible, financially and commercially viable as well as socially and
economically acceptable. Hence the project is worth implementing .

Vision and Objectives

Vision
 To see abundant milk production and satisfied milk demand of the country

Objectives
 To establish cattle animal first aid training center in Addis Ababa, Yeka Sub city of

Yeka Abado area.

Goals
 Renovating practical and theoretical training rooms.

 Equipping the training room with all required items.

 Developing training guide lines.

 Enhance the milk supply from home based dairy services.

 Encourage the community to enter into home based dairy services.

 Decrease the number of unemployed youths in the sub city in 0.5%.

 Decrease the veterinary medical cost of home based dairy services by 50%.

 Decrease the mortality rate of dairy cattle animals in the sub city.

 Enhance awareness of home based dairy service providers about common

symptoms and signs of animal diseases.

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Scope
 Establish the training center in Addis Ababa, Yeka Sub city of Yeka Abado Area.

 Make ready the training room for 50 trainees.

 After granting funds from potential donors the establishment takes one year.

 Equipping the training room with required martials that will be enough for 50

trainees and other required items for demonstration

 Design the training topics that is not complicated very easy to understand and

adapt considering the educational background of the trainees.

 Develop the training guide lines by making illustrative by including all the

necessary cattle animal first aid enough to handle simple and common cases.

Description of the project

 This project is designed to establish a training center for first aid cattle dairy

medical treatments for Yeka Sub city around Yeka Abado condominium site in
order to find solutions for luck of easy veterinary medical treatment access.
 The project will be implemented in a year in collaboration with the responsible

government offices, financial funding non state actors, veterinary professionals

and other stake holders.
 Targets of this project are Yeka Sub city home based dairy service providers,

unemployed youths, veterinary professionals and the government to provide

suitable training area and list of unemployed youths. Unemployed youths who are
passionate to animals with minimum 5th grade educational background can join the
training session.

 The project is proposed to be located in Addis Ababa Yeka sub city around Yeka

Abado condominium where there are lots of home based dairy service providers
convenient to trainees and veterinary professionals. The targeted market for the
trainees after completion of the training will be all home based dairy service
providers in Yeka sub city primarily or other sub cities of Addis Ababa.

Methodology
 This project requires more than 3.2 million Birr to establish the training center, this

amount of finance will be find from potential donors and any interested supporters.
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  The project also requires suitable training area, since this is charitable project and

can align with the government creating job opportunities and increasing quality of
the dairy service policies, the government will be convinced to allow training area.
 Diary cattle’s first aid training center establishment starts from designing the

training room convenient for theoretical and practical trainings. There will be two
training rooms, one for theoretical class with audio visual facilities and other for
practical demonstrations with first animal’s first aid equipment’s. Administration
rooms for trainers and other staff members are also included in the design.

 Experienced veterinary professional will be hired in contract bases to facilitate

and demonstrate all first aid courses.

 Collecting unemployed youths whose educational backgrounds are above 5 th

grade and have compassion to animals will be selected from the sub city. The sub
city will provide interested applicants and this training center will pick the first 100
youths that comply the training center requirements.
 Responsible body of the government will review the training center and give full

license and accreditation to the training center and approves the technical skills of
trainees after the training session.
 Creating trust is one of the important feature in veterinary medical industry so

awareness rising of the community will be done in collaboration with government

representatives.

Commercial/Market feasibility
 Market Area: the training center will be established in the second populated sub

city of Addis Ababa. Based on the article published in www.snv.org website, in

Addis Ababa 20% of the households have unemployed adults. Amongst these
Yeka Sub city will have major share. In addition, due to the location which is
suburb of the city home based dairy service providers prefer to reside in the city
border. Because of these reasons the project selection of the market area is
appropriate for the success.
 Market Potential: The training center will attract lots of unemployed youths and

disadvantaged home based dairy services, since this will give change for both of

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 them by creating job opportunity after the training and saves cost and time of dairy
cattle animal owners. This business sector is unexplored and unsighted area and
it will be a good opportunity to penetrate into the market and trained youths take
their share.
 Project Demand: Unemployment is one of the government problem and

responsibility to create job opportunities, hence this project owner will have a great
chance to convince the government officials to find training center area in the sub
city. This project can also be aligned the government job creating programs like
the revolving fund that targets 700,000 youths.
 The Ethiopian Ministry of Agriculture website shows there are several projects to

enhance the service quality of veterinary in our country. This is also a great chance
to easily get financial sources for this project.
 Creating job opportunities is one of the government responsibility, hence this

critical issue of the government will have demand on this project besides the
demand from unemployed youths and home based dairy service providers giving
solution for their problem as stated above.
 Funding Source: The project owners will find potential donors to establish the

training center in collaboration with government offices and other veterinary

professionals.
 Market Strategy: All necessary facilities to establish the training center area

available in the market and will be done all after granting the fund.
 The other way to support this project after starting operation, the center can give

paid trainings upon the request of different institutions to cover and run the
program.
 Pricing: The total training cost is covered by the center so that unemployed youths

of the sub city join the program for free.

 Competitors: Veterinary professionalism in Ethiopia not that much grown up and

only government institutions are giving trainings. Besides most of Ethiopian

population is living in rural areas, due to many reasons cattle owners lean on
traditional ways to treat their animals. Addis Ababa, Haromaya and Gondor
Universities are few of higher institutes with veterinary educations. This shows

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 there will be limited compotators in the market for this project. Both institutions will
accept those who completed higher education and eligible to college entrance
rather this project only accepts unemployed youths with limited educational
backgrounds. Based on this there is a huge market potential to join.
 There are also few mobile veterinary clinics in the market that give door to door

medical treatments.

Technical Study
 Project Area Target: The dairy cattle animal’s first aid training will be established

around Yeka Abado Condominium site where there are number of home based
dairy services according to our observation and information we found from the
woreda.
 Land to establish the project is to be requested from the sub city convincing the

representatives using this project proposal.

 The training center that will be provided from the government should be suitable

for theoretical and practical session and need to have waste disposal system and
must not violet the environmental issues.
 Transportation: Yeka Abado area is one of the outlets of Addis Ababa to the North

East of Ethiopia like Dessie and Mekele. There are lots of public transportations
and taxies are widely available to reach the project area from anywhere.

Fig. 1 Yeka Sub city

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  Source of Raw Materials: all raw materials to establish and equip the training

center are available and can be found from veterinary clinics equipment suppliers
in the city. Cost and list of items required animal first aid materials are listed below.
 According to 2merkato.com website, there are 11 potential veterinary medical

equipment suppliers in Addis Ababa.

 Professional potential trainers are available in the market to give to training who

have rich experience and they will be hired in contract bases.

 Training area is expected to be provided by the Sub city including all other utilities

like electric, water sources.

No Item Estimated Cost in Birr
1 Plastic digital rectal thermometer with an 18 string tied 1,248.00
through the hole in the end (normal temp. is 100 +/- 1
and for foals the normal temp. is 101 +/- 1).
2 Bandage scissors or plastic protective bandage knife 100.00
3 Stethoscope (normal heart rate is 40 +/- 6 beats per 160.00
minute a count of one beat sounds like lub-dub and
normal respiration is 16 per minute).
4 Vet wrap 192.00
5 Gauze squares. We offer Gauze Sponges 4" x 4" x 12 384.00
Ply for your convenience
6 Vaseline (for oozing below wounds). 160.00
7 Antiseptic wound ointment spray. 1800.00
8 Hydrogen Peroxide 50.00
9 Betadine Scrub 352.00
10 Betadine Liquid. 400.00
11 Biocaine First Aid Lotion (with Lidocaine to relieve 350.00
pain)
12 Latex gloves. 100.00
13 Flashlight with extra batteries. 200.00

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 14 Saline solution 150.00
15 Sterile cotton 156.00
16 Isopropyl Alcohol (rubbing alcohol). 25.00
17 Forceps and/or tweezers. 600.00
18 Epsom Salts 50.00
19 Disposable diaper or sanitary napkins 150.00
20 Farriers rasp. 600.00
21 Duct tape 200.00
22 Animal dolls 10,000.00
23 Syringes 1,000.00
24 Vaccinations 20,000.00
Table 1: list of dairy animals first aid items.

 Training Guide Lines: developing training guide line will be outsourced to

compile the procedures then it will be approved by the government responsible
body.
 The approved training materials will be duplicated and ready for the training

session.
 All training and education related offices are required to get licenses from the

government and this is the first thing to do to accredit the training center.
 Acceptance: all government and local bodies are expected to accept since this
is not commercial project, primary beneficiaries are the community itself.
 Training materials required: besides the cattle animal first aid items, the training

room must be equipped with audio visual setup for demonstrations.

 Equipment to be used in practical training session.

o Vaccinations
o First Aid Kits
o Anti-biotics and medications
o Gauze, Scissors, Tape, Rubber Gloves
o A guide book for dairy cattle animals first aid

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 No Items Estimated Prices
1 Furniture for training and administration room 100,000.00
2 Projector 20,000.00
3 Computers 25,000.00
4 White board 25,000.00
5 Stationary Items 200,000.00
6 Refrigerator 25,000.00
7 Generator 150,000.00
Table 2: Training materials list

 Training courses: this is the important part of the project, all courses will be

carefully designed and must be internationally accepted topics.

 Traditional treatments are also used in the project as a training material which are

very useful. The society will also accept the trainees when they give service using
their knowledge. This will also help to easily communicate the trainees with the
animal owners.
 Training courses may cover the following topics:

o Basic Vaccinations
o Behavioral assessments of the animal
o Primary first aid assessment
o An assessment of the injury and illness of the major body systems.
o Control of bleeding wounds in dairy cattle animals
o Understand the principles of aseptic wound cleaning for skin injuries.
o Manage and transport dairy cattle animals to veterinary clinic for referral.
o Understand the principles of and perform bandaging to control hemorrhage
and immobilize fractured limbs
o Understand the principles of and perform fracture management for
immobilization, transportation, and relocation of dislocated joints
o Manage various common injuries and conditions seen in dairy cattle
animals.
o Awareness rising for dairy cattle animal owners.

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 No Course Hour
1 Dairy Breeds and products 10
2 Skin Diseases and treatments 10
3 Pests & Diseases of Dairy Cattle 10
4 Managing Dairy Cattle 10
5 Breeding Dairy Cattle 10
6 Managing Dairy Facilities 10
7 Vaccination and Awareness Rising 10
10 Sign and Symptom of common diseases 10
Total 100
Table 3: List of Cattle First Aid Courses

Organizational Analysis
 Customs and Culture: the project take into consideration all stake holders’
custom and the community culture in addition to the community respect to animals
especially dairy cattle animals.
 Structural Alignment: as it’s stated above the government is running several

projects to create job opportunities as well as improving the dairy service provision.
This project exactly can align the above structures since it has the same vision,
mission and goals.
 Man power: this project requires limited number of full time staff while the rest are

in part time and contract bases. The following figure shows the organizational
hierarchies.

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 General Manager

Training Head Administrator and finance

section

Store Keeper Messenger Jointer –

Training Trainer reception
Facilitators Assistant
Fig 2: project organizational hierarchy

 Partnership: the training center project will have different agreements with the
government for unemployed youth selection, training room provision and other technical
supports.
 Medical equipment suppliers will have agreements with the project to supply the

stated first aid equipment in addition to donating wasted products used to practice
by trainees.
 Addis Ababa college of Veterinary will support technical consultations and the

institution involvement is very important for the success of the project

Financial Analysis

Financial viability of this project has been undertaken by quantified costs and benefits.
Gross description of the components of financial is indicated.

Training Center Renovation

The renovation of the training room provided from the sub city is unknown in detail by its
size, dimension and type, however renovation costs are expected. This includes the cost

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of painting, reorganizing the practical training room and other room maintenance costs.
The estimated cost for the renovation is around 400,000.00

Cost of Training Rooms

NO Items Unit Qty Unit cost Total cost

1 Office Chair No 16 1000.00 16,000
2 Guest Chair No 4 15,000.00 60,000
3 Office Table No 8 2000 16,000

4 Shelf No 10 3000.00 30,000

5 Computer No 10 25,000.00 250,000.00
6 Generators No 1 150,000 150,000.00
7 Projector No 1 20,000.00 20,000.00
8 Refrigerator No 1 25,000 25,000.00

9 Whiteboard No 1 25,000.00 25,000.00

10 Stationary Materials No 50 1,000.00 50,000.00

Sub total 582,000.00

Table 3: Cost of Training Equipment

Cost of Training Materials

The project first round training session training material items are 60 quantity comprising
of the first 50 trainees and 10 additional for demonstration and reserves.

NO Items Unit Qty Unit cost Total cost

1 Plastic digital rectal No 60 1,248.00 74,880.00
2 Bandage scissors or No 60 100.00 600.00
thermometer with an 18
3 plastic protective
Stethoscope (normal No 60 160.00 9,600.00
string tied through the
bandage
heart rateknife
is 40 +/- 6
hole in the end (normal
4 beats
Vet per minute a
wrap No 60 192.00 11,520.00
temp. is 100 +/- 1 and
5 count
Gauze of one beatWe No 60 384.00 23,040.00
for foalssquares.
the normal
sounds
offer like
(forlub-dub and
6 temp.Gauze
Vaselineis 101 Sponges
1). 4" No
oozing
+/- 60 160.00 9,600.00
normal
4" x 12
below respiration
xAntiseptic Ply
wounds). is 16 No
for your
7 wound 60 1,800.00 108,000.00
per minute).
convenience
ointment spray.
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8 Hydrogen Peroxide Bottle 60 50.00 30,000.00

9 Betadine Scrub No 60 352.00 21,120.00

10 Betadine Liquid. Bottle 60 400.00 24,000.00

11 Biocaine First Aid Lotion Bottle 60 350.00 21,000.00

(with Lidocaine to
relieve pain)
12 Latex gloves. Pack 60 100.00 600.00

13 Flashlight with extra No 60 200.00 12,000.00

14 batteries.
Saline solution Bottle 60 150.00 9,000.00

15 Sterile cotton Pack 60 156.00 9,360.00

16 Isopropyl Alcohol Bottle 60 25.00 1,500.00

17 (rubbing and/or
Forceps alcohol). No 60 600.00 36,000.00

18 tweezers.
Epsom Salts Pack 60 50.00 3,000.00

19 Disposable diaper or Pack 60 150.00 9,000.00

sanitary napkins
20 Farriers rasp. No 60 600.00 36,000.00

21 Duct tape No 60 200.00 12,000.00

22 Animal dolls No 10 10,000.00 100,000.00

23 Syringes Pack 60 1,000.00 60,000.00

24 Vaccinations Pack 60 20,000.00 1,200,000.00

Sub Total 1,820,820.00

Table 4: Cost of First Aid Training equipment

Training Guide Lines and Manuals Cost

NO Items Unit Qty Unit cost Total cost

1 Developing manual No 2 50,000.00 100,000.00
2 Duplicating Manual No 120 100.00 12,000.00
Sub total 112,000.00

Table 5: Training materials cost

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Cost Summary
No Description Total Price, ETB
1 Renovation 400,000.00

2 Training Room 582,000.00

3 Manpower Requirement (Salary And Wage) 586,000.00
Administrator, Officer, Cleaner, Cashier,
4 Training Materials 1,820,820.00
5 Training Guide Lines Development 112,000.00
Grand total 3,500,820.00
Table 5: Grand Total costs

Finance Sources

The total investment to be covered finding potential donors and non-state actors. The
project can also accept any form of support provided from the community.

Economic Analysis
 Pricing of Cost and Benefits: home based dairy service providers will have great

opportunity to save their time and money with for all simple animal medical access.
Trainers after completing the topics they will go and serve the owners with limited
expenses. Shadow or Accounting costs are also considered in this project.
 Profit Generation: the project is not established to gain profits rather it’s for
benefiting the community in for free.
 However when there is a demand from institutions to train their staff or sponsor

trainees the project welcome them with reasonable amount of payment.

 Tax Revenue: the project is established for charity and will not be expected to pay

regular government taxes rather it collects VAT and pay to government.

Social Analysis
 Social Patterns and Implications: all macro level society demands milk which

the price is rising every day and the community now a days it’s only considering it
for children. But if home based dairy services are supported with this kind of

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 project the production of milk will rise and price will be cheaper. This will indirectly
enhance milk drinking habits of the community.
 Social Considerations: this project creates number of job opportunities in for

unemployed youths. If the youth gets experienced they become more professional
and may attend higher institutions to expand their knowledge.
 Replication: if this project is successful in Yeka sub city it may have chance to

replicate into in other 9 sub cities or all over the country.

Environmental Analysis
 The project is environmental friendly and now risk of polluting the city.

 West products from the training session are carefully discarded and will make sure

the government includes the waste disposals system in to the provided training
room.
 Awareness rising is also part of the training that include sanitation and

environmental pollution so that trainees will act and practice accordingly or may
teach to the society while giving services.

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Time Frame and Plan

Major Activity detail

No Activity Months
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 Government Training Room Provision Process
2 Man power deployment
3 Training Room Renovation
4 Admin and Training Room Procurement
5 Training Room Equipment Procurement
6 Setup and installing training equipment
7 Developing Training Manual
8 Testing
9 Government accreditation
10 Project Documentation
11 Inauguration and preparation for training

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Challenges
 Government may not provide suitable or convenient training room.

 Dealing with the government responsible bodies to get the required training room

will take long time.

 Trust from the society to accept the youths after training as a professional.

 Practical training room facilities like animals for practice.

Bibliography
ACS Distance Education, (2020, Jan 15). Qualification - Certificate in Cattle Production.
Retrieved from https://www.acsedu.com/courses/qualification-certificate-in-cattle-
production-1118.aspx
Ethiopian Belgium Embassy, (2018, May 11). Ethiopia: Land of Lucrative Dairy
Investment and Trade Opportunities Retrieved from
https://ethiopianembassy.be/2018/05/11/ethiopia-land-of-lucrative-dairy-
investment-and-trade-opportunities/
SNV, (2017, August). Pulling Ethiopian youth out of unemployment Retrieved from
https://snv.org/update/pulling-ethiopian-youth-out-unemployment
Trading Economics, (2018). Ethiopia Unemployment Rate. Retrieved from
https://tradingeconomics.com/ethiopia/unemployment-rate
Wikipedia, (2007). Addis Ababa. Retrieved from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addis_Ababa
FAO, (2018). Dairy production system in Ethiopia. Retrieved from
http://www.fao.org/3/X5661E/x5661e09.htm
The Conversation, (2018, July 23) Why Ethiopia’s dairy industry can’t meet growing
demand for milk. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/why-ethiopias-
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ILRI, (2018, May 17) New project to strengthen veterinary service delivery in Ethiopia.
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