in most cases, the data collection is the primary and most important step for research, irrespective of

the field of research. The approach of data collection is different for different fields of study,
depending on the required information.

An interview is a face-to-face conversation between two individuals with the sole purpose of
collecting relevant information to satisfy a research purpose

and interview is one of the popular methods of research data collection. The term interview can be
dissected into two terms as, ‘inter’ and ‘view’. The essence of interview is that one mind tries to read
the other. The interviewer tries to assess the interviewed in terms of the aspects studied or issues
analyzed.

Structured
In an interview structured, a list of questions is written in the question form as well as with the
answer categories that have been provided. Usually deep interview form. The researcher only has to
read the questions that has been written, while the research subjects only need to answer according
to the answers provided.

Because of the number the question and the number of answer options already available, and the
possibilities the answers to be obtained can be predicted, of course, time and the speed of the
interview is controllable and calculated previously by researchers. Researchers can do simulations first
before conducting the interview, and note the time needed during the interview.

Guidelines The interview includes a series of questions and their order arranged and adapted to the
flow of conversation. Not allowed use language or words that are not written in the guidelines
Interview.

Unstruted

Researcher can improvise freely in asking questions with very open question. and almost no
guidelines were used as a control. Likewise with the answers and subject / interviewee, can be very
broad and varied. Any question limitations indecisive so it is very likely that the talks will expand.

As appropriate casual chat, the pace of the interview time is more difficult to predict because it really
depends on the flow of conversation that the controls are very flexible and soft. The end of the
interview was not structured either sometimes not getting enough clear conclusions

Question which proposed by the researcher / interviewer and the answers obtained from Research
subjects / interviewees are very flexible. It even seems like casual chatting If the researcher chooses
the type of this interview is not experienced or who has had the experience lacking. it will make
experience difficulties in formulating themes and being interesting interview conclusion. Therefore, if
researchers are still not enough experience should not use the interview form no structured.
at the interview unstructured there are no topics that govern the flow talk, but only a central theme is
used researcher / interviewer as an interview control flow take place.

Semi

The questions posed in semi-structured interviews are open question meaning that the answer given
is not limited, so that the subject can more freely express what answers as long as it does not get out
of the context of the conversation.

Interview speed and timing must be controlled even though there is freedom in answering questions
Interview

Question proposed is flexible, depending on the conditions and their flow talks. Likewise, the answers
given by the subject can more flexible. Although the questions and answers are flexible, but there is
still a control that is held by the researcher, namely the theme Interview.

For collecting data through interviews, here are a few tools you can use to easily collect data.

Audio Recorder

An audio recorder is used for recording sound on disc, tape, or film. Audio information can meet the
needs of a wide range of people, as well as provide alternatives to print data collection tools.

Digital Camera

An advantage of a digital camera is that it can be used for transmitting those images to a monitor
screen when the need arises.

Camcorder

A camcorder is used for collecting data through interviews. It provides a combination of both an audio
recorder and a video camera. The data provided is qualitative in nature and allows the respondents to
answer questions asked exhaustively. If you need to collect sensitive information during an interview,
a camcorder might not work for you as you would need to maintain your subject’s privacy.
Marshall and Rossman, on the other hand, describe data analysis as a messy,
ambiguous, and time-consuming, but a creative and fascinating process through which a
mass of collected data is pbeing brought to order, structure and meaning.

In an inductive approach to research, a researcher begins by collecting data that is

relevant to his or her topic of interest. Once a substantial amount of data have been
collected, the researcher will then take a breather from data collection, stepping back to
get a bird’s eye view of her data.

Advantages of Qualitative Data

1. It helps in-depth analysis: Qualitative data collected provide the researchers with
a detailed analysis of subject matters. While collecting qualitative data, the
researchers tend to probe the participants and can gather ample information by
asking the right kind of questions. From a series of questions and answers, the
data that is collected is used to conclude.
Rich data: Collected data can be used to conduct research in the future as well. Since
the questions asked to collect qualitative data are open-ended questions, respondents
are free to express their opinions, leading to more information

time-consuming: As collecting qualitative data is more time consuming, fewer people

are studying in comparison to collecting quantitative data. Unless time and budget
allow, a smaller sample size is included.
Dependent on the researcher’s skills: This type of data is collected through one-to-one
interviews, observations, focus groups, etc. it relies on the researcher’s skills and
experience to collect information from the sample.