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ULTIMATE CAPACITY OF STEEL ANGLES SUBJECTED TO ECCENTRIC COMPRESSION

BY NONLINEAR GEOMETRIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSES

by
Sanjib Kumar Sarkar
#200404170

supervised by
Professor Khan Mahmud Amanat
Structural Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (BUET)

DHAKA, BANGLADESH
Steel Angles under Eccentric Compression

Electrical Transmission Tower Microwave Tower

End Connection (Bolt Joint)

Bolt Joint

The end connection is generally not concentric with the cg of angle cross section;
so imposed compression on angle acts eccentrically.
Objective of Present Analyses

To find the ultimate capacity in compression of the eccentrically

loaded steel angle using FEA
To compare results with test results of Bathon.
To compare results with
Euler’s formulae and ASCE Manual 52 (1988) formulae.
To provide some guidelines and recommendations
 Methodology

Modeling of the angle using shell element

Application of the load concentrically as well as eccentrically
Determination of the buckling load based on non-liner geometric
analysis
Comparison of results with Bathon test data as well as ASCE
formula
Summarization and recommendation
 Basic Features of Bathon’s Test

75 steel angles tested

ASCE Manual 52 (1988) specifications were followed

All specimens failed due to member buckling

Test results compared with ASCE Manual 52 (1988) formulae.

Finite Element Modeling (using ANSYS10.0)

SHELL181 Geometry The Arc Length Method

Typical Deformed Shape of the Model

Un-deformed Deformed

Isometric View
Typical Deformed Shape of the Model (contd.)

Un-deformed Deformed
Elevation
 Load vs. Deflection curve

300

10
250
l/r
60
200

150
Load (kN)

100

150 120
50

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Deflection (mm)
Results (Critical Stress-Slenderness Ratio Characteristics)

Comparison with Euler’s Formula

Short Intermediate Slender
400

350
Present Analysis
300
critical stress (MPa)

Euler’s Formula
250

200

150

100

50

0
0 50 100 150 200
l/r
Results (Critical Stress-Slenderness Ratio Characteristics)
Comparison with Bathon’s Test Results
L 44x44x3 L 76x76x6 L 102x102x6
350

300 Present Analysis

Bathon’s Test
critical stress (Mpa)

250

200

150

100

50

0
0 50 100 150 200
l/r
Major Findings of the Study

The ultimate capacity is a function of

slenderness ratio, eccentricity, material and geometric properties,
buckling behavior and the type of analysis.
With eccentricity, the capacity is significantly reduced for angles
with short and intermediate lengths compare to Euler Formula
 For slender members effect of eccentricity is negligible compare
to Euler Formula
Major Findings of the Study

Buckling failure occur before other failure in slender member

FEA may be affected by angle cross section also.
FEA provides more conservative results
THE END
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