UMTS - Technology

Concepts, Standards
&
Implementation

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 1
UMTS - Technology: Agenda

• UMTS Network Architecture

– New Features
– New Entities
– Comparision with 2G Systems
– UMTS Standards
• Architecture of Siemens UMSC (UCR1.0)
– Deviations from Standard
– HW-Architecture
• Questions & Discussion

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 2
UMTS-Abbrevations
• UMSC ... UMTS-MSC
• 3G-MSC ... 3rd Generation MSC
• 3G-SGSN ... 3rd Generation SGSN
• RNC ... Radio Network Controller (3G BSC) control of one or more
Node B
• NodeB ... Node Broadband (3G BTS) serves one cell
• CS ... Circuit Switched
• PO ... Packet Oriented
• RANAP ... Radio Access Network Application part (≈BSSMAP)
• Iu-IF ... Interface between UMSC and RNC
• Iur-IF ... Interface between RNCs
• Iub-IF ... Interface between RNC and NodeB
• NAS ... Non Access Stratum (≈MAP)

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 3
 4G: Very High Speed Wireless Internet

Evolution
•Future Standard
•2 – 20 Mbps
•Seamless Interconnection with 3G,
WLANs, fixed Networks

2001 3G: Multimedia

•3GPP: 144 kbps – 2 Mbps

2000 2G+: High Speed Packet Data

•GPRS/EDGE: 9.6 – 384 kbps

1999
2G: Low Speed Packet and Circuit Data

•GSM/TDMA/CDMA: 9.6 – 28.8 kbps

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 4
UMTS R‘99 - Features
• Air Interface based on W-CDMA
• High Speed Data Services
– CS domain: up to 384kBit/s
– PS domain: up to 2MBit/s
• 2 different Modes: FDD-mode, TDD-mode
• ATM-based Interfaces
• „Common Interface“ for CS and PS between Access
NW and Core NW
• Modified Function Split between Access NW and
Core NW
• Handover between RNCs in Access NW
• Enhanced Security Functions

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 5
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Modes
Time
Time

16

Code
Code

2
1

Channel bandwidth Frequency Channel bandwidth Frequency

TDD mode FDD mode

Both with harmonized bandwidth and pulse shape
IMT-2000 Spectrum (1885 – 2025 MHz / 2110 – 2200 MHz)
H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2
UMTS-Technology Slide 6
 UTRA-TDD Mode Asymmetrical Traffic
Handling
1. Current TDD Principle
Tim eslotpairsforduplex connection

TX tim eslots RX tim eslots

TDD structure like in cordlesssystem s

2. Asymmetrical Traffic in UTRA TDD mode

Exam ple:
Tim eslotpairsfor2 duplex connections

A sym m etricaldata connection

TX tim eslots RX tim eslots
H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2
UMTS-Technology
Source: MN P32

Slide 7
 TDD Channel Structure

Pow erD ensity /Code

1 tim e slot

m ultiple
TCH per
time Codes
slot 1-8 U TR A TDD

y
nc
ue
eq
Fr
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 16 Tim e
Hz
M
5

Merge of benefits:
• CDMA provides interference control and high system capacity
• TDD provides Fast Power Control free operation
• TDD provides asymmetrical data transfer

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 8
UMTS Network Architecture / 1

Iub Interface Radio

RadioNetwork
Network Iu Interface
Node Control
NodeBB Control
(RNC)
(RNC)

Iur Interface UMSC

UMSC
Iub Interface Radio
RadioNetwork
Network Iu Interface
Node Control
NodeBB Control
(RNC)
(RNC)

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 9
UMTS Network Architecture / 2

UMTS network consists of an Access Network (AN) and a

Core Network (CN). The AN, also called RNS (Radio Network
Subsystem) itself is formed by Radio Network Controllers
(RNC), NodeB‘s and Mobile Stations.

The RNCs are interconnected using the Iur interface. This

interconnection enables the RNS to keep „Handover“ within
the Access Network (if it is between RNCs in one AN).

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 10
 UMTS Architecture R‘99
Splitted vs. Integrated UMSC Architecture / 1

Common subscription HL R C om mo n sub scrip tio n

HLR
data base d ata bas e
CS location PS location C S loca tio n PS lo cation

Two CN service domains T wo C N servi ce d om ain s

CS service PS service
domain C S service
domain UM SC PS se rv ice
3G MSC/VLR 3G SGSN d om ain
d om ain

PS state C S state PS state

CS state

Two Iu signalling connections T wo Iu sig nal ling co nn ection s

“two RA NAP i nstan ces”
(“two RANAP instances”)

U TR AN with
UTRAN with
d istrib u tio n
distribution
UTRAN UT RA N fu n ctio n ality
functionality

On e RR C co nn ection
One RRC connection

C S state PS state
CS state PS state
UE
UE

Splitted Architecture Integrated Architecture

3G-SGSN + 3G-MSC UMSC (=3G-SGSN+3G-MSC)
H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2
UMTS-Technology Slide 11
UMTS Architecture R‘99
Splitted vs. Integrated UMSC Architecture / 2
2 different CN configurations are possible:
• Splitted architecture: CN consists of a standalone MSC
and a standalone SGSN. Both Nodes have their own SPC
(signalling point code)
Advantages: operators have the possibility to mix the CS
and the PS domain with nodes of different manufactures.
• Integrated architecture: Combines MSC and SGSN to a
UMSC. It has only one SPC.
• Siemens UMSC can be configured in both ways. As a
UMSC and as standalone 3G-SGSN and a standalone 3G-
MSC.

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 12
Siemens UMSC / 1

HLR
Gr

UMSC

A* E
MSC GMSC

Iu
RNC IWU

Gn
internal 3G-SGSN GGSN

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 13
Siemens UMSC / 2
Siemens UMSC consists of 3 functional blocks: CP/LTG based
MSC part, MP based IWU and MP based 3G-SGSN.

MSC:
• slight modifications mainly in Call Processing (compared to SR9)
• A*-Interface
3G-SGSN:
• the 3G-SGSN is based on the 2G-SGSN of PO1.0
• consists of 36190-based parts (MP) and 36140-based parts
(BIAS)
IWU:
• SCCP endpoint, distribution of messages to CS and PO domain
• For CS it contains also following functions
– mapping of Iu-IF to A*-IF (Call Processing stays in the MSC)
– AAL2 Transport Signalling incl. AAL2 Call Processing
– Control of TSC (TRAU Server Card)

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 14
Comparision GSM-UMTS / 1

Gn Gi
Gb SGSN GGSN
BSC
PSTN
A MSC GMSC ISDN
E

Iu 3G- Gn Gi
GGSN ISP
SGSN
RNC

Iu 3G- PSTN
GMSC
MSC ISDN
E*

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 15
Comparision GSM-UMTS / 2
GSM/GPRS
2 different protocol stacks between CN and AN. For CS part BSSMAP is used
for communication between the BSC and the MSC, for communication between
the MSC and the MS DTAP (Direct Transfer Application part) is used. The PS
part (GPRS) uses a different stack: BSSGP, LLC, SM/GMM (Session
Management, GPRS Mobility Management), IP

UMTS R’99
First UMTS release is an evolution of GSM. The two different protocol stacks
for the A and the Gb interface migrate to a common interface, the Iu-
Interface. Communication between AN and CN is done with a CS and PS common
protocol, the RANAP. The NAS (Non Access Stratum) Signalling is done with
different protocols for CS (CC, MM) and PS (SM, GMM).

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 16
 Iu-Interface Protocol-Stack / 1

Data Transport Control

Transport Signalling Signalling

circuit packet oriented

NAS
switched traffic
24.008
traffic
Iu User Plane Iu User Plane
AAL2 Signalling
RANAP
(ALCAP) 25.413
GTP-U
AAL2 Signalling
Transport Converter SCCP
UDP
to RNC to UMSC
MTP3-B
IP
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
AAL2 AAL5

ATM

L1

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 17
Iu-Interface Protocol-Stack / 2

• Protocol Stack on the Iu-Interface can be divided into 3

parts (planes):
– Control Signalling Plane
– Transport Signalling Plane: establishment of transport bearers
– Data Transport Plane: bearer itself

• In the UMTS trial system only PVCs are used as traffic

paths for the AAL2 connections

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 18
GPRS vs. UMTS (PO) Transport plane / 1
GPRS Protocol Stack
MS BSC SGSN GGSN

Application Application

IP IP

SNDCP SNDCP GTP GTP

LLC LLC UDP/TCP UDP/TCP

RLC RLC BSSGP BSSGP IP IP

* Internet *

MAC MAC FR FR L2 L2

L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1

Um Gb Gn Gi

UMTS Protocol Stack

UE RNC 3GSGSN GGSN

Application Application

IP IP

GTP-U GTP-U GTP GTP

L3CE L3CE
UDP UDP UDP/TCP UDP/TCP

RLC RLC IP IP IP IP
* Internet *

MAC MAC ATM(AAL5) ATM(AAL5) L2 L2

L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1

Uu Iu Gn Gi

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 19
GPRS vs. UMTS (PO) Transport plane / 2

• In GPRS mobile specific protocols (BSSGP, LLC, SNDCP) are used.

For Routing of the data packets commercial routers can‘t be used,
because they don‘t support these protocols.
At the Siemens SGSN the protocol stacks (Gb-IF) are
implemented on the MP-Platform, so that the whole traffic flow is
passing through the MP:PD.

• UMTS uses for PS data traffic an IP-based protocol stack.

Commercial IP-Router platforms can be used. Higher Performance
is available with less HW effort.

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 20
UMTS-Standards
• Standardization body: 3GPP
http://www.3gpp.org/

• Specifications:
– 3GPP TS 21.xxx - TS 34.xxx
– 23-series: Technical realization stage 2
• 23.002: Network Architecture
• 23.060 GPRS (with 3G extensions)
– 24-series: Signaling Protocols CN
• 24.008 Core NW protocols stage 3
– 25-series: Radio Aspects
• 25.413 RANAP
• 25.414 Iu Data Transport and transport Signaling
• 25.415 Iu-User Plane

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 21
UCR1.0 Functionality / 1

• Proprietary Iu-Interface
• No multivendor capability, only with RNC from
Mobisphere (join venture between Siemens and NEC)
supported
• RNC Reallocation is not supported
• No Intersystem Handover (3G->2G)
• Encryption is not supported
• Voice via AAL2 using the Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec
• 64 kbps CS Service
• max. 240 CS connections
• max. 3 RNCs

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 22
UCR1.0 Functionality / 2

• 384 kbps with „Best Effort“ QoS for PS Service

• PS-MTC not supported
• Restricted safeguarding
• Supported L1 on the Iu-IF is STM-1
• no IN features

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 23
 UCR1.0 Trial System - UMSC HW-Configuration
MP:MM & MP:CAP : same boards
MP:ACC not scalable
INAP/CAP MP:SA incl. Load types for OAM & STATS
LTG LTG SCP
ISDN PSTN
LTG LTG
SN MAP
LTG HLR
SS#7 Connection Gr, Gs, Gd I/f Ethernet
MB LTG
AMP

C
IOC

P
HUB
E1:LIC RS 232
File Server
MP:SM E1:LIC
36140
MP:SLT A MP:MM
LIC* Gn I/f LIC* SP:GTP

MCP
MP:RANAP MP:PD

MP:SA MP:ACC
N LIC: STM1
LIC* SP:ISP

SP:GTP
TSC LIC: STM1
LIC : STM1 Gi I/f
UMTS
Iu I/f
H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2
UMTS-Technology Slide 24
3G-MSC HW Architecture

CP113C
PCM BAP-
inter- trunk M
faces LTG m
to trunk BAP-
other LTG n S
nodes
CAP
BSSAP SN -9
CAP
LTG m -0
BSSAP
LTG n IOP IOC-
:yy 1
IOP IOC C
:xx -0 M
IWU Y
LIC:E1
AMP
-1
TSC MP:RANAP
AMP-
ATM/ 0
AAL2 MB
inter-
faces LIC:ATM
MB IOP
to
:yy
AN IOP
:xx
MP:STATS
SSNC
MP:SM
M H
LIC:E1 MP:SLT
T D
MP:SA D D

#7 OAM
links inteface

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 25
 3G-SGSN HW Architecture

Gb interface O&M interface (SNMP) Gn interface Gn interface Gn interface Gi interface

SGSN 3G-SGSN GGSN

36140 Gb interface 36190 SGSN part 36140 Gn interface 36140GTP
36140 GTPrelay
relay 36140vGGSN
36140 vGGSn

LIC:FR
LIC:FR SP:BSSGP
SP:BSSGP
MSP
MP:PD/SH
MP:PD/SH
MSP
SP:GTP
SP:GTP LIC:*
LIC:* SP:GTP
SP:GTP
SP:GTP LIC:*
LIC:*
LIC:* LIC:*
LIC:*
LIC:* SP:GTP
SP:GTP
SP:GTP YATP
SP:ISP
SP:ISP
SP:ISP LIC:*
LIC:*
LIC:*
YATP YATP

MSP

MP:PD/SH
MP:PD/SH MP:PD/SH
36190
MSP
MP:PD/SH MSP
36190
3G-SGSN part GGSN part
36190 common part

MP:CAP
MP:CAP MP:MM
MP:MM MP:RANAP
MP:RANAP MP:ACC
MP:ACC

LIC:E1
LIC:E1 MP:SLT
MP:SLT LIC:ATM
LIC:ATM MP:SM MP:OAM MP:STATS
(SS7) (SS7 + Traffic)
(SS7) (SS7 + Traffic)

Gr/Gd/Gs interface Iu interface O&M interface (Q3)

traffic path
signalling
path

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 26
UMTS - Network Architecture
PSTN Gi Gp

GMSC GGSN

AuC
Gc
C H
HLR Gn
PSTN PSTN
Gr
D EIR

G F Gf
VLR VLR
Gs
B B SGSN
MSC MSC
E

CN
A IuCS IuPS IuCS IuPS Gb
BSS RNS RNS BSS
Iur
BSC RNC RNC BSC

Abis Iubis Iubis Abis

BTS BTS Node B Node B Node B Node B BTS BTS

Um Uu Um

ME

SIM-ME i/f or Cu

SIM USIM

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology
MS

Slide 27
McCool – UMTS Mobile Station

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 28
UMTS - Technology

• Questions & Discussion

H. Dobernig, PSE MCS IC2

UMTS-Technology Slide 29