LAND ACQUISITION IN INDIA

The process of land acquisition by the central or state government of India for various
infrastructure and economic growth initiatives

Reason for Acquisition:

Definition of Public Purpose

i. Strategic purposes

ii. Industry & Infrastructure

iii. Land acquired for R&R purposes

iv. Planned development - residential purpose for poor, educational & health schemes

v. Land for private companies for public purpose

vi. Needs that arise from natural calamity

LAND ACQUISITION ACT,1894

Law that allows government to acquire land from the land owners after paying a fixed
government compensation in lieu of their losses

 Acquisition Process Investigation & Notification *From Chapter 7 of the ACT

 Objection & Confirmation

 Claim & Reward

 Reference to Court

 Apportionment
Impacts – Controversies & Criticisms

Development Related Displacement

Displacement of public due to large scale projects like dams, canals, thermal plants,
sanctuaries, industries & Mining etc..,

Statistical reports indicated 1 in 10 Indian tribal's is a displaced person

 Compensation offered was fairly low with regard to the current prices

 The displaced people failed to get better jobs due to low Human Capital

 Majority of the displaced people are from the weakest sections of the society &
they are unable to raise their voice

Ignorance of stakeholders in the share of the property

 This provides an added benefit to many entrepreneurs and promoters of the

company
Land Acquisition Issue: POSCO Case

Issue

1. Current status- acquired 2,100 acres of land and transferred 546 acres to POSCO India
2. Land to be given to POSCO plant is classified as forest land

3. Hundreds of tribal families using the forest land for betel cultivation

Forest Rights Act: “Many of the people of the area are eligible for right over this
land,especially the lands they are cultivating, as they have been living in the area for
morethan 75 years”

NC Saxena committee: all land acquisition and transfer for Posco Indiaproject is violation
of Forest Rights Act and need to be stopped

Posco has not set up any health clinics schools in the region.
Definition of ‘Affected Families’

Land Owners

• Family whose land/other immovable properties have beenacquired

• Those who are assigned land by the Governments undervarious schemes

• Right holders under the Forest Rights Act, 2006

Livelihood Losers

• A family whose livelihood is primarily dependent on the landbeing acquired

• May or may not own property

Affected Families = Land Owners + Livelihood Losers

Major Changes brought by LARR Bill 2011
LAND ACQUISITION ABROAD
SUCCESS FUL CASE STUDY