1997-04-18 ICS:19.100 EAOT EN 584.02 EAAHNIKO NPOTYNO Le Norr: HELENS SUNDER E=/\OT E \ Ms Mn KataotpopiKoi éheyXol - OrAp Blounxavixns axrivoypéenons - Mépos 2: EAeyxos Tg enefepyaciag Tou piAy How TIptv avapopac Non-destructive testing - industrial radiographic film - Part 2: Control of film processing by means of reference values Kadon Tiwodsynonc:_4. OBEN AATHIKOL OPFANIEMOE poetEAOT EN 584.02 ovinds Hpohayos Auté sivas to ®b)d0 Emxipoons ‘row eKexpipéven Evparnaixos Tporixov EN 584.296 og EXqvixos Mporiaov. To xpéruno avté BusriOsrar ony Aryan, 9 Pandan Peppavens ‘péeon ani tov EdaviK6 Opyamieys Tunonoinans AE. National Foreword This Endorsement Sheet ratifies the approval of European Standard EN 584.2/96 as a Hellenic Standard, ‘This standard is available in English, French or German from the Hellenic Organization for Standardization S.A.EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 584-2 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM Decesber 1996 tes 19.100 Descriptors: non-destructive tests, industvalradiography, edigraphic fm, Inspection, reproductilty, sensitivity: photography, tasafcatione English version Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic film - Part 2 : Control of film processing by means of reference values Eseais non destructife + Film pour radiographic Zeretorungsfrete Prufung - Industrielte Filme industrielle = Partie. 2): Controle, du fur die Durchstrahlungeprofung - Tell 2: traitement des filme au moyen de valeurs de Kontrotle der Filmererbeltung eit Hilfe von référence Referenzverten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-12-06. CEN menbers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulattone watch stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the etatus of a natfonsl standard without any alteration. Up-to-date (ets and bibLtographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (Enalish, French, German). A version in any other Language ade by fronstation under the cesooaibitity of a CEN meer Inte ee oun’ Langiage and neti Fied to the Centra Secretariat hac the same status a¢ the official versions. CEM menbers. CEH mesbers are the national standards bodies of austria, Belgitm, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, retard, 1 'Y, Lunembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spein, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kinadom, European Comittee for Standardization ‘Comité Européen de Normalisation Europsieches Keni tee fur Neraung rue de Stascart,36 6-1050 Brussels ——— aaa © 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN menbers central Secretar Ref. Wo, EN 584-2:1096 EPage 2 EN 584-2:1996 Contents Foreword Introduction 1 2 9 Scope Normative references Definitions Manufacturing of pre-exposed film strips for control of the processing system User verification of compliance with a classified film system Interpretation of results Checking intervals Documentation of results Compliance with film system classifcation Annex A (informative): Method for processing control Page 10 10 10 MuPage 3 EN 584-2:1996 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 "Non- destructive testing", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 1397, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Sune'1397. A second part of this standard is EN 584-1 Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic film - Part 1: Classification of film systems for industrial radiography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, th 01 organizations of the following countries are bound to implement preg eeied grandad: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany" Greece, Ieeleea eland, y, tuxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, : 7 : Switzerland and the United Kingdom. eee ee eee eee ec neinPage 4 EN 584-2:1996 Introduction The purpose of this standard is to describe a procedure for the control of the film processing systems by users by processing calibrated pre-exposed strips. The strips are exposed to X-rays and are accompanied by a certificate from the film strip manufacturer. The user processes the pre-exposed strips in his system and records the results. In this standard, clause 4 shows the responsibility of the film strip manufact- urer. The user is responsible for clauses 5 to 8, which show compliance with the chosen system classification. 1 Scope This standard describes a procedure for the control of film processing systems. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated refer- ences, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to ap- plies. EN 584-1:1994 Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic film - Part 1: Classification of film systems for industrial radiography 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 ftlm system Combination of film and film processing which is carried out in accorcance with the instructions of film manufacturer and/or the manufacturer of the processing chemicals (EN 584-1:1994]. 3.2. film system class A classification taking into account limiting values given in table 1 of EN 584-1:1994, 3.3 film strip A piece of film material on which a step wedge can be exposed. 3.4 pre-exposed film strip A film strip that is pre-exposed so as to present at least ten different densi- ties afte 4Page 5 EN 584-2:1996 2.5 Net density Oezcal density without base and fog density. 4 Manufacturing of pre-exposed film strips for control of the processing system 4.1 Size The film strips shall have a minimum exposed area of 15 mm x 100 mm, The pre- exposed film strips have different fields: A step wedge for density measurements and a blank field for base plus fog density and long term storage time test. 4.2 Selection of film strip type The selected type of film for film strips shall have a response to processing which is representative for the set of films as classifted according to EN 584- 4.3. Examples of production of pre-exposed film strips The exposure arrangement is shown in figure 1. The step wedge design is describ- ed in figure 2 and table 1. A different design and materia! can be used if same density steps are provided. Dimensions in millimeters Pretitter cu Thickness 3 am Figure 1: Example of an exposure arrangement The successive steps of the film strip shall be exposed in order to obtain den- sity increments of about 0,3 after processing, for example by a step wedge as described in table 1 and figure 2. Appropriate precautions against scattered radiation have to be taken. The ra- diation source is a constant potential X-ray tube operated at approximately 150 kV. The exposure time is chosen in this way as to obtain a net density of approximately 2.0 at one of the first six steps (going from low to high den- ) of the step wedge after processing the piPage 6 EN 584-2:1996 Figure 2: Step wedge Table 1: Height of steps; Material: Fine-grained copper Step no. Height for 150 kV mm 1,7 0,8 0,0 9,3 8,8 8,2 77 73 6.9 6.5 Seovousune 4.4 Measurement fields and determination of reference values The steps for determination of reference values shall be as follows (see figure 3): Step x: The step with a net optical density closest to D = 2,0. Step X + 4: The step with a higher density which is four steps from x. To obtain the reference values, at least five pre-exposed film strips shall be processed in a classified film system, The resulting optical densities shall have a maximum tolerance 4D = + 0,1. The reference values are obtained as follows: = Reference speed index Sp: The average value of the net densities of step X is calculated. The speed in- dex reference is equal to this average value, rounded to one decimal.Page 7 EN 584-2:1996 - Reference contrast index Cr: The average value of the net densities of step X + 4 is calculated. The refer- ence contrast index reference is the positive difference of the average densi- 5 of the steps X and X + 4, rounded to one decimal. Oimenstons tn millimeters Slane rela me 100 Position 012345678 9 10 seep x xeh Figure 3: Example of test strip. Position and density of steps X and X +4 on the strip may vary 4.5 Pre-exposed film strip-certificate Pre-exposed strips shall always be accompanied by a certificate containing the following data: + A description of the processing system, specifying the processor, the chemi- stry, the processing cycle and the temperature. - The brand name and type of the pre-exposed film strip. + The reference values for speed index and contrast index and the step numbers for calculating the corresponding indexes. The following data shall be displayed as shown: > Processing: Manual or automatic = Developer, type, time temperature - Fixer, type, time, temperature - Test strip - Brand name ~ Type ~ Speed Index = Reference speed index (S-) = Reference speed step (xX) - Contrast Index - Reference contrast index (C,) - Reference contrast step (X + 4)Page 8 EN 584-2:1996 4,6 Storage of pre-exposed film strips Pre-exposed film strips shall be stored in a cool and dry place. The manufact- urer shall state the expiry date and storage conditions. S User verification of compliance with a classified film system 5.1 General For testing compliance with a classified film system, pre-exposed film strip and film type of the film system under verification shall be of the same brand. . If the reference value cannot be achieved at the time of installation of the processing system, the temperature of the developer may be adjusted with + 2K from the temperature which was specified in the pre-exposed film strip-certi- ficate according to 4.5. 5.2 Processing conditions 5.2.1 Automatic processing The automatic processor shall be set and maintained according to the recommend- ation of the manufacturers. To avoid transient changes of processing quality during start up, start up procedures as recommended by the manufacturer have to be followed before developing of the pre-exposed film strips. If the automatic Processor is running continuously, pre-exposed film strips may be processed without conditioning. 5.2.2 Manual processing The processing chemicals shall be mixed. replenished and temperature controlled according to the specified film system classification and the recommendations of the film manufacturer. 5.3 Processing of pre-exposed film strips To achieve good transport through the automatic processor, the reconmendat tons of the manufacturer , considering processing and transport of small sized films, shall be followed. 5.4 Evaluation of the pre-exposed film strips 5.4.1 Calibration of densitometer For the measurements of optical densities, a densitometer with a minimum optical density range from 0 « 0 to 0 = 4 shall be used, The densitometer shall be calibrated using a reference wedge. The densitometer shall be considered calibrated, when the measured optical densities of the re- ferencewedge match the specified optical densities within + 0,1.Page 9 EN 584-2:1996 5.4.2 Parameters for processing system evaluation The parameters for evaluation of the processing system are obtained as follows: - Cx: Contrast index: This is the difference between density Dx 4 4 of step X +4 and the density Oy of step X referred to a reference speed index S-, to eliminate speed influences. To cal- culate the contrast index Cy, the following formula is used: Sr Cx = (Ox4g - Dx) © = a) Sx where: = Op: density of step 0 - Ox: density of step x > Sx: Speed index Dy-Dp 5.4.3 Control of fixing and washing The achieved quality of processed film depends partly on residual thiosulfate in the film emulsion layers due to poor fixing or washing conditions. ‘To evaluate the fixing and washing, the following test shall be performed. Use 10 9 of silver nitrate and 30 g of acetic acid per liter of distilled water. one drop of the test solution is applied to a blank part of the processed film. Af- ter two minutes the excess fluid ts removed. This procedure is repeated on the other side of the film, opposite to the first spot. The stain obtained is comp- ared with a chart supplied by the film manufacturers. 6 Interpretation of results 6.1 General After processing a test strip, the processing system parameters are calculated following 5.4.2. These results have to be compared with the reference values a5 given in 4.5. A processing system is consistent if the test results comply with the following conditions : 6.2 Limits for Og The value of Do has to be less than 0,3. 6.3. Speed index (Sx) The obtained speed index may not vary from the specified reference speed index (Sr. see 4.5) by more than * 10 %. 6.4 Contrast index (Cx) The obtained contrast index may not vary from the spectfied reference contrast index (Cp, see 4,5) by more than - 10% or + 15 %Page 10 EN 584-2:1996 7 Checking intervals The processing shall generally be checked after new preparation of developer Solution, Additionally, a regular control is recommended. If the ambient conditions vary significantly (i.e. mobile darkroom, temperature) or if manual replenishment is applied, the control procedure shall be more fre- quent. Moreover, a more continuous control according to Annex A is recommended. & Documentation of results The document presenting the results shall contain the follawing information: - Date of test - Processing: manual or automatic - Parameter settings: temperature of developer and processing time - Brand name and type of chemistry used ~ Brand name, type and identification of certified film strips - Base and fog density Op (6.2.) - Speed index Sy and reference speed index S- (6.3 and 4.5) - Contrast index Cy and reference contrast index Cy (6.4 and 4.5) The documentation of these results may be in the form of a written report, a display chart or a computer program. 9 Compliance with film system classification For a film system of a given class, compliance with that class shall be obtained as follows: By using pre-exposed test strips, the user’s film system has the same clas- sification as mentioned in the manufacturer's data sheets, if the values obtain- ed by processing the test strips fulfil the conditions of clause 6.Page 11 EN 584-2:1996 Annex A (informative) Method for processing control This annex defines an additional procedure for users to assess consistency of processing. The objective is to achieve a routine quality control, not to establish absolute conformance with a classified film system. The frequency shall be adapted to the requirements of the inspection application. A. Strips for processing contro! Although the same pre-exposed strips as for the classification compliance test can be used, this is not required for monitoring the processing quality. For this purpose strips that have at least three steps can be used: Step A: An unexposed step to measure base density plus fog; Step B: A step exposed to a density of approximately D = 2, to be used as speed indicator; Step C: A step exposed to a density of approximately D = 3,5 to establish a contrast indicator. A.2 Parameters for sensitometric evaluation The parameters for sensitometric evaluation are: = Dg: Density of step A. - Speed indicator: Density of step 8. - Contrast indicator: Density of step C minus the density of step 8. A.3 Reference values Reference values for the sensitometric indexes are obtained in the following way (processing conditions shall be according to 5.1. and 5.2.). One shall process at least three test strips and determine the values for base plus fog, speed indicator and contrast indicator. The thus acquired values have to be within a tolerance of 0,10. This procedure has to be repeated at least three times with a minimum delay of 24h. For each paramater, the average of at Jeast nine values is calculated. This value is the reference value for proces- sing control. These reference values shall be determined each time film strips from a new patch are used. A.4 Interpretation of results A test strip shall be regularly processed, and the parameters determined. The processing quality is consistent if the test results differ by less than thePage 12 EN 584-2:1996 A.4.1 Limits of Do The density of step A shall not exceed 0,3. A.4.2 Speed indicator The speed indicator shall not differ by more than + 0,3 from the established reference, A.4.3 Contrast indicator The contrast indicator shall not differ by more than + 15% and - 10% from the established reference. A.5 Documentation The acquired results shall be recorded according to clause 8, but the sensitometric indices (see A.2) will be displayed as a function of time.