Construction Management

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 
MURTHAL
Activity #1: TYPOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT & PROJECT DELIVERY
OPTION
Student name: Student ID:
INTENT: This exercise is intended to enable you to appreciate the typology of construction
project and project delivery options.
POINTS: This assignment is worth 5 points toward the course grade. Due by Friday, 17 July
2020 by email.
PROCESS: Define project and project management as given by the Bureau of Indian
Standard code. Read Saturday Times of India newspaper supplement ‘Times Property’ or any
other source and select minimum FIVE projects, enumerate typology of project.

Residential

General Building Commercial

Construction

Institutional

Industrial
Construction Projects Construction

Engineered
Construction

Figure 1: Project Typology

General building construction
Within this very broad category, projects include residential, commercial, institutional and
industrial buildings. Residential construction produces buildings for human habitation,
including single-family dwellings, condominiums, multifamily townhouses, flats and
apartments and high-rise apartment buildings. Depending on the project’s complexity, such
work is usually designed by architects, owners or builders themselves, with construction
performed by contractors who hire specialty subcontractors as needed; some of this work
may be built by owners themselves.
Commercial construction includes retail and wholesale stores, markets and shops, shopping
centres, office buildings, warehouses and small manufacturing facilities. Examples of
institutional construction are medical clinics and hospitals, schools and universities,
recreational centres and athletic stadiums, governmental buildings and houses of worship and
other religious buildings. Architectural firms usually take the lead in the design of
commercial and institutional facilities, with assistance from engineering firms for such
specialties as structural and electrical elements. Because this type of work is usually more
complex and time consuming than residential construction, owners usually engage general
contractors to perform the field construction; subcontractors usually provide specialty
services such as plumbing, painting and electrical work.
Often categorised separately from general building construction, industrial construction is a
special segment of the industry that develops large-scale projects with a high degree of
technical complexity. Such endeavours result in facilities that manufacture and process

Prof (Dr) C. Kabre

 Construction Management
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 
MURTHAL
products; examples include steel mills, electric power-generating plants, petroleum refineries,
petrochemical processing plants, ore-handling installations and heavy manufacturing
factories that produce such products as vehicles, rolling equipment and various kinds of large
machinery. The engineer, rather than the architect, usually assumes the lead responsibility for
the designs of these kinds of projects. Often the owner selects a single entity to provide both
design and construction services under a ‘design–build’ contract and works closely with the
design professional to assure that the owner’s special requirements are met.
Engineered construction
This broad category of construction, sometimes called engineering construction, is
characterized by designs prepared by engineers rather than architects, the provision of
facilities usually related to the public infrastructure and thus owned by public-sector entities
and funded through bonds, rates or taxes and a high degree of mechanisation and the use of
much heavy equipment and plant in the construction process. These projects usually
emphasise functionality rather than aesthetics and involve substantial quantities of such field
materials as timber, steel, piping, soil, concrete and asphalt. More so than other types of
construction, engineered construction is often designed by an owner’s in-house staff, such as
a provincial highway department or a federal public agency. A general contractor is usually
engaged to install the work, with subcontractors as needed to contribute specialty services.
With these kinds of projects, the exact quantities of some materials can seldom be ascertained
in advance; thus these construction contracts are often arranged such that the contractor is
paid a pre-agreed-upon unit price (INR per cubic metre of concrete, for example) for each
unit of material actually required.
Two common subcategories of engineered construction are highway construction and heavy
construction. Highway construction typically requires excavation, embankment construction,
paving, installation of bridges and drainage structures and associated lighting and signage.
Heavy construction projects include dams, tunnels, pipelines, marine structures, water and
sewage treatment plans, railroads, rapid transit systems, airports and utility work such as
electrical transmission and distribution systems, water lines, sanitary and storm drains,
pumping stations and street paving. Utilities, upon completion, are often owned and operated
by semipublic entities such as electric associations or water authorities.

Prof (Dr) C. Kabre