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SimSci™ SimCentral™ Simulation Platform Thermo Data Manager User Guide
Contents
Introduction to Thermo Data Manager .................................................................................. 7
Introduction to Thermo Data Manager Overview ....................................................................... 7
About This Manual .................................................................................................................... 7
Who Should Use TDM? ............................................................................................................. 7
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Chapter 5 Plots..................................................................................................................... 45
Overview ................................................................................................................................ 45
Plot a Single Component Property ........................................................................................... 45
Change the Temperature Range .............................................................................................. 46
Add a Component to a Plot ...................................................................................................... 46
View Plots for Two or More Properties ...................................................................................... 47
Estimate Property Values ........................................................................................................ 47
Export the Plot Values to Excel ................................................................................................ 48
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C HAPTER 1
User Interface
In This Chapter
Overview........................................................................................................................................ 9
Color Status Indication .................................................................................................................... 9
Interface....................................................................................................................................... 10
Overview
The TDM GUI allows the user to perform various operations for a more efficient housek eeping of the file
level operations, as well as for logical section level operations within the files. These activities include,
but are not limited to, the abilities to:
Create new user libraries
Open existing libraries
Display databanks in libraries
Delet e databanks
Display components in databanks
View and modify component data of a user-defined databank.
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Interface
Figure 1 shows a typical TDM GUI, with Unary Databanks selected, and the five tabs appropriate to
Unary databanks visible on the right side of the screen. If the user had selected Binary databanks, the
three tabs appropriat e to Binary dat abanks would be visible instead.
Databank Browser
The Databank Browser lets the user select a databank type along with the respective databanks. The
types of databanks available are Unary and Binary. Each dat abank type is a collection of databanks.
For example, the Unary databank type has Pure Components, Alpha, Rackett, and Costald
databanks.
Library Browser
The Library Browser displays the available system and its user libraries along with the databanks in the
system and their user libraries. System libraries appear first under t he Registered Libraries branch, and
then user libraries appear in the same branch. Any third -party libraries appear in the Reference
Libraries branch.
Component Viewer
The Component Viewer displays the components available in the selected databank for the particular
databank type. The user can open the databank from the Library Browser.
Component Filter
The Component Filter lets the user search for the desired component by using the component’s Name,
its Alias, or its Formula.
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Status Bar
The Status Bar displays the location of the system or user library and the selected databank. It also
displays the name of the component selected in the component viewer.
View Option
The View Option lets the user view only the checked components in user or system libraries.
Tool Tip
The mouse cursor, when it hovers over the system and user libraries, displays the Read and Write
permissions available for the library. It also shows the available databank types and databanks in the
library.
Property Form
When the user selects either a pure component databank or a binary databank, TDM displays data in the
Property Form, as shown on the right side of Figure 1. The Property Form shows properties and data for
both selected and checked components. The tabs offe r controls with which the user can review and
modify the data of pure components, or can review and modify the binary interaction parameters for
binary databanks.
The five tabs available for Unary Databanks are Ba sic, TempDep, Fixed, UNIFAC and Custom.
The three tabs available for Binary Databanks are Data, Summary and QuickEntry.
The tabs of the Property Form are available only for components in Registered Libraries. The tabs and
their controls are dis abled for Reference Libraries.
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Custom Tab
On the Custom tab, the user can customize the property data of pure components in a spreadsheet
format. The customization feature allows the user to select and modify one or more fixed properties,
except temperature-independent properties, of a pure component. The user can also export the data to
an Excel spreadsheet. Refer to the Local Library File.
Binary Databanks
The Binary Component Databanks have several tabs of controls that appear on the right -hand side of the
window when the us er selects Binary Dat abanks.
Data Tab
The Data tab shows the data for component j with respect to the reference component i.
Summary Tab
The Summary tab displays the summary of interaction paramet ers for all the checked components.
QuickEntry Tab
On the QuickEntry tab, the user can add a new component pair to a binary dat abank and edit its data.
The tab also displays the form of the equation. For ex ample, if the binary dat abank type is NRTL, the
Equation Format control displays the number of parameters for the corres ponding databank type.
Note: The user may not directly modify the data in system libraries. However, the user can modify data
after copying or adding it to a user library.
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C HAPTER 2
TDM Basics
This section explains the steps necessary to start working with the Thermo Dat a Manager application.
In This Chapter
Opening SimCentral TDM ............................................................................................................. 13
Open a Saved User Library ........................................................................................................... 13
Explore a Library .......................................................................................................................... 14
Unregister Library ......................................................................................................................... 15
Select Databanks ......................................................................................................................... 16
Select Components....................................................................................................................... 16
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2. The Select the library file dialog box appears. It lists all the user libraries in the default location, as
shown in Figure 2. To narrow the search, you can select the file type at the bottom of the window.
User libraries have the extension .lb1.
Explore a Library
You can see a list of all the databanks in a library.
1. In the Library Browser, hover the mouse cursor over the library name.
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2. TDM displays a pop up list that contains the information about the databanks and their types for that
library, as shown in Figure 3.
3. The list closes when you move the mouse cursor away.
Unregister Library
The user can unregister an opened user library or reference library from the Library Browser.
1. The user selects the open Library from the Library Tree displayed in the Library Browser.
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2. The user right-clicks and selects the Unregister Library menu item, as shown in Figure 4; or from
the File menu, the user selects the Unregi ster menu item.
Note: When the user closes a library, it disappears from the list of libraries, but TDM does not
physically delete it from the disk. The user can reopen a closed library later. To delete a library
permanently, the user must first close it within TDM, and then delete it through Windows Explorer.
Select Databanks
To run a simulation, the user can choose Unary (Pure components, Alpha, COS TALD, Rackett, BWRS
Pure, and Virial), Binary (various Equation of State methods), Azeo, and Henry’s databank types. These
databank types contain pure component data and binary interaction parameters data.
1. The user selects the desired databank type.
2. The user selects the databank from the drop -down list. Each databank type has a set of databanks.
3. The library form displays the databanks for the selected databank type, in all the opened libraries.
Select Components
1. The user selects and clicks the databank in the opened libraries listed in the library browser. The
components for the selected databank appear in the component viewer form.
2. The us er checks the desired components to view t heir properties. The user can check more than one
component.
There are two ways to select a component in TDM.
The user can select a component by clicking it. This action highlights the entire component row.
The user can select a component by selecting the check box next to the component.
The user can select only one component at a time by clicking, but many components at a time by
checking. Property tabs such as the Fixed tab, that display several component properties
simultaneously, use checked components. Tabs such as the TempDep tab, that display single
component property, use selected components. For binary data, the selected component is the i
component and the checked components are the j components.
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C HAPTER 3
Data Organization
In This Chapter
Overview...................................................................................................................................... 17
Unary Databank Type ................................................................................................................... 17
Binary Databank Ty pe................................................................................................................... 21
Interaction Parameters for Equations of State ................................................................................. 21
Interaction Parameters for Liquid Activity Coefficient Models ........................................................... 22
Interaction Parameters for Azeotropes ........................................................................................... 22
Interaction Parameters for Henry’s Law .......................................................................................... 22
Overview
TDM organizes the components and their data int o system libraries and user libraries. The commercial
version of TDM supplies system libraries that include the data compiled by SimSci. User libraries store
any custom or modified data. These libraries host one or more Dat abanks. The system libraries have the
PROCESS and S IMSCI dat abanks, which are comprehensive and widely used for their critically
evaluated pure component physical properties.
Each databank is either a Unary Databank Type or a Binary Databank Ty pe. TDM classifies the Unary
and Binary databank types further, based on their component properties.
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For eleven of the alpha formulations, each pure component has a series of dimensionless coefficients
(C1 , C2, and C3 ) for each cubic equation of state. These coefficients define the alpha correlation for that
component. For two of the alpha formulations, the alpha correlation depends only on the acent ric factor
and the reduced temperature and does not include the dimensionless coefficients in the other alpha
formulations. Each cubic equation of state for a component can have its own alpha formulation. See
Managing Alpha Formulations for Components on page 18 for more information.
If you change the alpha data for a component, you must also include updated binary interaction
parameters (k ij ) that correspond to your modified alpha data. The binary interaction parameters are also
specific to the thermodynamic methods, so you only need to modify the binary interaction paramet ers for
the equations of state for which you modified the alpha data.
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Alpha Formulations
The following table lists the available alpha formulations. The number in the Form column in this table
corresponds to the number that you enter in the FORM column in SimCentral TDM when you specify the
alpha data.
03 C2 Soave (1979)
Tr 1 1 Tr C1
Tr
04
Tr exp C1 1 TrC 2 Boston-Mathias (1980)
05
Tr Tr2C 1 exp C1 1 Tr2C
2 2 Twu (1988)
06
Tr TrC C 1 exp C1 1 TrC C
3 2 2 3 Twu-Bluck-Cunningham -Coon
(1991) (Recommended by SimSci)
08
Tr TrC exp C1 1 TrC
3 2 Alternative for form (06)
15
Tr , 0 1 0 Twu-Coon-Cunningham (1995)
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16
Tr , 0 1 0 Twu-Coon-Cunningham (1995)
T
Tr
Tc
where
is the acentric factor
C1 , C2 , and C3 are constants
Tc is the critical temperature
References
1. Soave, G., "Equilibrium Constants from a Modified Redlich-K wong Equation of State", Chem. Eng.
Sci., 1972, 35, 1197.
2. Peng, D. Y. and Robinson, D. B., "Two- and Three-Phase Equilibrium Calculations for Coal
Gasification and Related Processes", Thermodynamics of Aqueous Systems with Industrial
Applications, 1980, 393-414.
3. Soave, G, "Application of a Cubic Equation of State to V apor-Liquid Equilibria of Systems Containing
Polar Components", Inst. Chem. Eng. Symp. Ser., 1979, No. 56, 1
4. Boston, J. F. and Mathias, P. M., "Phase Equilibria in a Third Generation Process Simulation", Proc.
of the 2nd Inter. Conf. on Phase Equil. & Fluid Properties in the Chemical Process Industries, Berlin
(West), 1980, March 17-21.
5. Twu, C. H, "A Modified Redlich-K wong Equation of State for Highly Polar, Super-critical Systems",
Inter. Symp. on Thermodynamics in Chemical Engineering and Industry, 1988, May 30-June 2.
6. Twu, C. H., Bluck, D., Cunningham, J. R., and Coon, J. E., "A Cubic Equation of State with a New
Alpha Function and New Mixing Rule", Fluid Phase Equil., 1991, 69, 33-50.
7. Mathias, P. M. and Copeman, T. W., "Extension of the Peng -Robins on Equation of State to Complex
Mixtures", Fluid Phase Equil., 1983, 13, 91-108.
8. Mathias, P. M., "A Versatile Phase Equilibrium Equation of State", Ind. Eng. Chem. Proc. Des. Dev.,
1983, 22, 358-391.
9. Melhem, G. A., Saini, R., and Goodwin, B. M., "A Modified Peng-Robinson Equation of State", Fluid
Phase Equil., 1989, 47, 189-237.
10. Twu, C. H., Coon, J. E., Cunningham, J. R., "A New Generalized Alpha Function for a Cubic
Equation of State; part 1: Peng-Robinson equation; part 2: Redlich-K wong equation", Fluid Phase
Equil., 1995, 105, 49-69.
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fi
H ij lim
x j 1 x
x 0 i
i
Unless the pressure is high or there is vapor phase association, the fugacity may be replaced by the
component partial pressure, yi P, where yi is the component vapor mole fraction and P is the system
pressure.
SIM4ME Thermo correlates Henry's constants to the following functional form:
ln H ij C1 C3 ln T C4 P
C2
T
where,
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T = temperature, in Kelvin
P = pressure, in kPa
Hij = Henry’s constant, in kPa/mole fraction
The correlation coefficients may be read from the Henry databanks.
TKelvin T Tuom
PkPa P Puom
where T and P represent conversion factors. Then the Henry correlation can be rewritten as
C1, Bank C1 ln P C3 ln T
C2, Bank T C2
C3, Bank C3
C4
C4, Bank
P
The conversion factors T and P for various units are given next:
Tuom K R
T 1 0.55555556
2 2
Puom kPa psia atm kg/cm bar mbar dyne/cm in Hg
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2
Puom MPa N/m Pa psf torr in H2O mm H2O ft H2O
Example
Conv. Factor
Tuom R 0.55555556
Puom psia 6.89476
Reference
1. Prausnitz, J.M., Lichtenthaler, R.N., and Gomes de Azevedo, E., 1986, Molecular Thermodynamics
of Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Chapter 8.
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C HAPTER 4
User Libraries and Components
With TDM, the user can build a customized library that contains pure component data, along with unary
and binary thermodynamic parameters.
The system libraries cover most physical property and thermodynamic data requirements. However, the
user may want to create a component user library for any of thes e reasons:
The user needs certain properties that the system libraries lack.
The user wants to modify data for components found in the protected system libraries.
The user wishes to avoid having to enter the same component and thermodynamic data for several
simulations.
The user wants to make specific property data mandatory for a given project.
Note: A User Library may contain more t han one databank. By default, user libraries have read and write
permissions. User library names appear in blue.
In This Chapter
Create a User Library .................................................................................................................... 25
Add a New Databank to a User Library........................................................................................... 25
Delet e a Dat abank from a User Library........................................................................................... 27
Component Identification............................................................................................................... 27
Component Names and Color Codes ............................................................................................. 28
Add a Known Component to a Unary Databank .............................................................................. 28
Add a New Component to a Unary Databank .................................................................................. 30
Copy an Existing Component to a New One ................................................................................... 32
Add a Component Pair to a Binary Databank .................................................................................. 40
Modify Component Data in the User Library ................................................................................... 43
Delet e a Component ..................................................................................................................... 43
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2. From the Tool s menu, the user s elects Add and t hen the Databank menu item, or right-clicks on the
User Library and selects the Add New Databank menu item, as shown in Figure 5.
3. One of the following Databank Name windows appears depending on whether a single bank, or
multiple bank, format is used.
a. The window shown in Figure 6a appears for banks supporting the single bank format.
b. The window shown in Figure 6b appears for banks supporting the multiple bank formats.
4. Depending on the bank format used, the user does one of the following:
If single bank format is used, the user enters a name for the new Databank and clicks the OK
button.
If multiple bank format is used, the user enters a name for the new Databank, selects the bank
format* (if applicable for a databank-type) and clicks the OK button.
The databank name can be up to eight characters long.
5. The new Databank appears in the user library.
You may find the following information useful:
Bank format* refers to the different number of parameters that are s upported for a dat abank type. For
example, for NRTL/NRTLLL databank-type, there are two formats supported: 8 parameters and 14
parameters.
New BWRS databanks created in TH3.5p and earlier versions are usable in TH3.6dev.
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New BWRS databanks created in TH3.6dev are visible in TH3.5p, but the second binary interaction
parameter (bij) will not be visible.
New NRTL/ NRTLLL databanks created in TH3.5p are visible in TH3.6dev.
New NRTL/NRTLLL databanks created with 14-parameter bank format in TH3.6dev are not visible in
TH3.5p.
Refer to the Plots section for information on importing and exporting a databank to a user library.
3. The user clicks the Ye s button to delete the Databank from the library.
Component Identification
The user must be aware of how TDM identifies components in the databanks.
1. The Name is simply a descriptive name for the component that appears to the user. TDM does not
use the Name internally to identify or locat e the component.
2. The Library ID are short names with which the user can identify and look up components in the
library. Therefore, every Library ID must be unique. The user can provide each component with up
to twelve Library ID, of eight characters each.
3. The CAS number also serves to look up components, so it also must be unique.
When managing databases, it is standard practice to assign a unique object identifier to each object in
the database. This prevents any ambiguity in the identities of objects. In the component databanks, the
SIMSCI ID serves as this unique object identifier.
If the user adds Water as a known component to a user databank, this Water component shares the
same SimSci ID as the instances of Water in the P ROCESS and S IMSCI databanks. TDM recognizes
the component as Water when the user dat abank is included in the component search order in any
application, and the component inherits any interaction data supplied for Water in any binary databank.
If the us er adds a new component, based on Water, to a user databank, TDM gives the new component
a different SIMSCI ID, and therefore considers it to be a different component. The user must give this
new component one or more different Library ID names, which must all be different from any other
Library ID names in the databank, including those for Water. The new component cannot use the CAS
number for Water, because this would result in a conflict. The new component does not inherit any of
Water’s interaction data, so the user must enter any such data for the new component.
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When a user creates new components in a user databank, TDM assigns SIMSCI ID numbers to the new
components sequentially, so that each one gets a unique value. If the us er creates more than one user
library, and plans to employ the libraries toget her in the same simulation, the user must manually
manage the SIMSCI ID numbers. TDM cannot know every user library in use, or which ones the user
may want to use together.
If two components in two user libraries represent the same actual compound, the user must assign the
components the same SIMSCI ID. Conversely, two different components must have different SIMSCI
IDs, even if the components are in different libraries. This restriction does not apply as long as the user
never tries to employ two user libraries with user components in a single simulation.
When the user creat es a brand new component, or creates a new component based on an existing
component, TDM gives the component the next sequential SIMSCI ID. The user can change the value of
the SIMSCI ID. However, the user must make any such change before leaving the Add User
Component dialog. Once the user has clicked the OK button, the SIMSCI ID for that component is
permanent.
Note: When the component name appears in green or magenta, the pure component information does
not appear.
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4. The user selects the databank into which to add the component.
5. The user types the Alias or browses for the component to add. If the user clicks the browse button,
TDM opens the Select Component dialog shown in Figure 10.
6. The Select Component dialog lists each component with its Full Name, its Alias, and its Formula.
The user double-clicks on the desired component.
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7. To narrow the search, the user can type text into the Full Name Filter, the Alias Filter, or the
Formula Filter, located above the column of the same name. TDM shows only the components that
have matching initial letters. Figure 11 shows the Formula Filter reducing the number of
components displayed to only those that have an alias that contains the letter Q.
By this method, the user can add only one component at a time to the Databank. To add several
components at one time, the us er can select one or more components in the component view window,
using the <Control> or <Shift> keys as needed, then drag and drop the components onto the user
databank.
Refer to Advanced Topics on page 49 on importing and exporting a component to a databank.
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TDM aut omatically generates the SIMSCI ID for the component. The user can edit the SIMSCI ID,
keeping in mind the rules for unique component identifiers given in the section on Component
Identification.
1. To revert to the standard SIMSCI ID for this component, the user clicks the Reset button. Onc e the
user clicks the OK button, the SIMSCI ID for this component becomes permanent.
2. The user enters the new component’s Alia s, its Name, its Formula and its CAS Number. The result
should look like Figure 13.
3. The user can ent er a maximum of twelve alias es, separat ed by commas. An alias name should not
be longer than eight characters.
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4. The user clicks the OK button to save the new component in the unary databank.
5. If the user does not know the CAS Number, this field can be left blank, but TDM shows the error
message of Figure 14.
Note: The user can add the new component only to Pure Component Databanks of Unary Data type.
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4. The user selects the Databank and browses for the component Alias, then clicks the OK button.
5. TDM copies the Name, the Formula and the SIMSCI ID of the selected component, as shown in
Figure 16. TDM prefixes the string Copy_of_ to the component name.
6. The user must specify a unique alias name for this copied component, to differentiate it from the
parent components in the databank.
7. If the user does not know the CAS Number, this field can be left blank, but TDM shows the error
message of Figure 14.
The user can edit the SIMSCI ID, keeping in mind the rules for unique component identifiers given in
the section on Component Identification.
8. To revert to the standard SIMSCI ID for this component, the user clicks the Reset button.
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Figure 18 shows the user having opened a system databank and selected several components, then
dragging them to the us er databank.
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Figure 19 shows the user databank after the user dragged and dropped five components in it.
The user opens the source databank and selects one or more components, using the <Control> or
<Shift> keys as needed, and then drags the components to the user databank. When the us er lets go the
mouse button, TDM opens the user databank and shows the list of components, which now includes
those that the user dragged and dropped.
If the user databank already contains the component that the user drops, TDM displays the Component
Override window as shown in Figure 20.
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TDM opens the Update Component Details window, as shown in Figure 22.
The user can change the component Name, Formula and CAS number. When finished, the user clicks
the OK button.
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3. The Add Pet ro component window appears, as shown in Figure 24. Create Petro Components and
click OK. The first two components (PETRO1 and PETRO2) are complete and the third one
(PETRO3) is incomplete.
4. When the user clicks OK, the Invalid petro components window appears, as shown in Figure 25.
If the user clicks Cancel, the pet ro components created in MTGUI will be displayed as shown in
Figure 26.
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If the user clicks OK, only the components, which are complete, will be displayed as shown in Figure
27.
The user can also modify the Library ID (alias name) this is useful when the generated Library ID
already exists in the user library.
5. If the user selects OK the petro component data is persisted into the user library as shown in Figure
28.
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3. The QuickEntry tab for the binary interaction parameters appears, as shown in Figure 29.
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6. The user selects the components and clicks the Get Data button. TDM fills the Edit Data grid with
information about the component, as shown in Figure 30.
7. The user must enter at least one value in any field in the Data form to save the component pair
information.
8. To save the data, the us er clicks the Save Data button.
9. If the user exits the library without saving, TDM prompts to either Save or Di scard the changes
appears.
10. The user can view the saved component pairs and their properties in the Summary tab.
11. The user clicks the Ye s button to change the reference component.
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The user opens the source databank and selects two components, using the Control or Shift keys as
needed, then drags the components to the user databank. When the user lets go the mouse button, TDM
opens the user databank and shows the list of components, which now includes those that the user
dragged and dropped. The first component the user selects in the source databank is the reference, or i
component, and the second is the j component.
Delete a Component
The user can delete a component from the user library.
1. The user selects the component to delete from a databank.
2. The user right-clicks on the component. TDM displays the delete dialog.
3. The user clicks the Delete this Component button.
4. TDM deletes the component from the databank of the user library.
Note: If the user delet es the last component from the component list of a databank, the name of the
component appears struck through. TDM removes this component from the list the next time it
refres hes the dat abase.
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C HAPTER 5
Plots
In This Chapter
Overview...................................................................................................................................... 45
Plot a Single Component Property ................................................................................................. 45
Change the Temperature Range.................................................................................................... 46
Add a Component to a Plot............................................................................................................ 46
View Plots for Two or More Properties ........................................................................................... 47
Estimate Property Values .............................................................................................................. 47
Export the Plot Values to Excel ...................................................................................................... 48
Overview
TDM has functions that generat e and display a variety of temperature -dependent graphical plots of
tabulated data results. These plots appear in the Plot Viewer. The user can view a plot, add components
to a plot, export a plot to Excel, and print a plot. The user can also modify plot attributes and customize
the appearance of plots. The user can also c hange the color of the plot line, by right -clicking on the check
box in front the component name.
When the user hovers the cursor over the name of the component in a plot, the tool tip displays the
component name and the correlation used for plotting the property. TDM generates only one plot per
property, but the user can add other component information to the same plot.
TDM’s plotting feature lets the user estimate the value of a specific property between the minimum and
maximum temperat ure ranges.
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4. TDM produces the plot. The ex ample plot shown in Figure 32 shows how the vapor pressure of the
component Methane rises as the temperature rises.
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4. The plot viewer displays the plots for all the selected components in a single plot. The example plot
of Figure 33 shows the components Ethane and Toluene added to the plot of Figure 32.
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4. TDM displays the value for the property, as shown in the example of Figure 34.
The user can estimate property values only for a valid temperature range.
5. With the plot open and visible, the user clicks the button, located in the upper corner of the Plot
Viewer window.
6. The user saves the Excel spreadsheet on the hard drive.
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C HAPTER 6
Advanced Topics
In This Chapter
Global Settings ............................................................................................................................. 49
Component Filter .......................................................................................................................... 50
Export Libraries, Databanks and Components ................................................................................ 50
Import Libraries ............................................................................................................................ 51
Import Databanks and Components ............................................................................................... 57
Validate Input Specifications .......................................................................................................... 58
Customize the Property Table........................................................................................................ 59
TDM App Log ............................................................................................................................... 61
Global Settings
TDM can display several engineering unit bases. Although TDM stores all data and performs internal
calculations in International System (SI) units, the user can choose to display outputs in a standard unit
base such as English Engineering (E NG) units or Metric Engineering (MKS) units. This facility serves
only to convert the data or change the unit of measure for the required unit type; it does not sa ve the data.
1. The user can view the units of measure for any specific property by clicking the units for that
property. TDM opens the Convert Units of Measure dialog shown in Figure 35.
2. In the left-hand column of the dialog, the user clicks on the current units of a property.
3. In the right-hand column, the user clicks on the desired units, and then clicks the Convert Value
button.
4. The new value appears in the property field for the corres ponding component.
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Component Filter
TDM allows users to searc h and retrieve component information based on the component’s name,
formula, SIMSCI ID, alias and family group. The user can search in the system libraries as well as the
user libraries. The user can double-click on the column header in the component list viewer, shown in
Figure 19, to populate the viewer with the entire list of component names and aliases.
Search on Alias
The user can ent er an alias for the component in full or partial to find all matches to this string. A
component has only one name, but it may have up to twelve aliases.
For example, water has an ID name H2O and the four aliases WATER, H20, Hydroxic Acid and
Hydrogen Hydroxide.
Sort Components
The user can sort the components based on their full name, alias, or formula by clicking on the header of
the respective options.
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Import Libraries
The user can import component data from third-party libraries into user libraries and databanks. After
loading, these libraries appear in the Reference Library branch of the library tree. The user cannot edit,
add or delete a reference library or any of its components.
TDM supports these third party databases:
Library database files that are published by DIPP R, the Design Institute for Physical Properties.
These files can contain one or more components. These files have the extension .MDB.
Thermodynamic data files that are published by DECHEMA, the Gesellschaft für Chemische
Technik und Biotechnologie. These files usually contain one component. These files have the
extension .IK C.
Thermodynamic Dat a Engine files, also called ThermoML files, that follow the standard set by
IUPA C, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Thes e files usually contain one
component. These files have the extension . XML.
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To import any third-party file, the user opens the file menu and selects the Import menu item, as shown
in Figure 37.
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After the user selects a file and clicks the OK button, the cont ents of the file appear in the ThermoML
user library. Each ThermoML file imported creates one databank in this library, as shown in Figure 41.
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If the newly-imported component is not complete, TDM opens the ThermoML Data Import window,
shown in Figure 42. The lower part of this window displays all the known properties of the component.
The upper part displays a grid that displays the identifying properties of the component.
If any of the identifying properties is missing, TDM displays that property's grid box in red. To enter the
required missing dat a, the user clicks the ellipsis button on the far right side of the grid. TDM opens the
Add User Component window, as shown in Figure 43.
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The user must give the alias, the name, the formula, or the CAS number of the new component if it lacks
any of these. Then the user clicks the OK button.
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After the user selects a file and clicks the OK button, the cont ents of the file appear in the DIPPR.lib
reference library. Each DIPP R file import ed creates one databank in this library, as shown in Figure 45.
5. The user clicks the OK button after successfully importing the databank.
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Table 2 shows the color codes that TDM uses to validate the input data.
Table 2 Color Codes for Validating Input Data
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2. In the Custom Property Table grid, the user right-clicks on the component cell. TDM opens a menu
of property types (Fixed, Critical, Molecular Construction, Heat Formation and Other), eac h with
submenus of properties, as shown in Figure 50.
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4. To assign more than one custom property at a time to a component, the user clicks the
Define Custom Property View button. TDM opens the Custom Property Definition dialog shown
in Figure 51.
5. The user checks the checkboxes of the custom properties to assign to the component, and then
clicks the OK button.
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6. To reorder the component property data, the user drags and drops the property cells in the desired
order, as shown in Figure 52.
7. The user clicks the button to export the component data to an Excel spreadsheet on the hard
drive.
You can send the TDM Diagnostics file directly to SimCentral Support. The file is located in the
%userprofile%\Documents\SimSci\InstallationDiagnostics folder, and it has a filename of the form
SimCent ral_TDM_yyyy_mm_dd. For example, a TDM diagnostics file created on 04 November 2017 will
have the name SimCent ral_TDM_2017_11_04.
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C HAPTER 7
Property Synthesis
The Property Synthesis utility predicts a component’s functional properties, such as vapor pressure,
density, viscosity and others, based on the molecular structure for a wide range of temperatures.
In This Chapter
Open the Property Synthesis Utility ................................................................................................ 63
Print Results ................................................................................................................................. 68
Draw a Molecular Structure ........................................................................................................... 68
SMILES ....................................................................................................................................... 69
Info about Property ....................................................................................................................... 71
Select Units .................................................................................................................................. 71
Experimental Data and Calc ulation Options .................................................................................... 72
Component Property Mapping ....................................................................................................... 73
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Figure 54 shows the Property Synthe si s window. If the component is a known component, its structure
appears in the Drawing Area on the right-hand side of the Property Synthe si s window.
The Property Area on the left side has five tabs. The first tab summarizes the data and calculations from
the four estimation methods shown on the other tabs. These remaining four tabs all estimate the
properties of the component, each according to a different group-contribution estimation method:
Marrero and Gani (2001), Constantinou and Gani (1994), Joback and Reid (1987), and finally
Wilson and Jasperson (1996).
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The first section of the page is a header with the chemical name, the CAS number and the molecular
weight of the drawn compound. You ent er the CAS number, or retrieve it from a TDM database, and
retrieve the name from a TDM dat abas e.
The second section is the Primary Properties section. Primary properties are those properties that only
depend on the molecular structure. For each property, the following data appears:
Short identifier
Unit of measure
Estimated value, calculated using the active method
Experimental value - If t his value is available, you can enter it or retrieve it from an internal data base
Relative error, in percentage of units - If the experimental value is available, TDM calculat es this
error as Rel. Error = Abs Error/Exp. Value*100
Absolute error - If the ex perimental value is available, TDM calculates this error as: Abs. Error =
ABS(Exp. Value – Est. Value)
The next section lists the Secondary Properties, which are those that depend on both the molecular
structure and primary property values. TDM calculates secondary property values using as input data the
estimated primary property values or user-supplied values. The information offered for each secondary
property is the same as that offered for primary properties.
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Figure 56 shows the Functional Properties, which depend mainly on temperatures, but can also
depend on molecular structure, primary or secondary properties, or even other functional properties.
Figure 57 shows the final section of the page, which lists the group description of the drawn chemical
structure according to the current active method.
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The Summary page differs from the other pages in the way it displays the results. Figure 57 and Figure
58 show that the first section of the Summary page is similar to those of the other pages, but it also
shows the SMILES string of the drawn molecular structure.
The next section shows the best results for each property obtained from the different methods. The
criteria to select the best results are as follows:
If the experimental value is available, Property Synthesis chooses the results by comparing the
relative errors obtained from each method and selecting the lowest one.
Otherwise, the selected results are those calculated by the Marrero and Gani method. If this
method cannot provide an estimate for a given property, the utility uses the results from the
Constantinou and Gani method. If this does not give the estimate either, the selection goes to the
Joback and Reid method, and as a last resort, the utility uses the Wilson and Jasperson method.
The summary data can be lengthy, and you might have to scroll down to see all of it, as shown in Figure
58.
If a method cannot estimate results for a given component, the Property Synthesis utility displays the
error message shown in Figure 59.
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2. Constantinou, L. and Gani, R. (1994). New Group-Contribution Method for the Estimation of
Properties of Pure Compounds. AIChE. J., 10, 1697-1710
3. Joback, K. G. and Reid, R. C. (1987). Estimation of Pure-Component Properties from Group
Cont ributions. Chem. Engng. Commun., 57, 233-243
4. Wilson, G. M. and Jasperson L. V. - Critical Constants Tc, Pc - Estimation Based on Zero, First,
Second-Order Methods. AIChE Meeting, New Orleans, LA, 1996.
Print Results
You can click the Print Results button in the lower right corner to open the Print/ Export screen, as
shown in Figure 60.
On this screen, you can click the Save to Word File Format button to save the results to a file, or click
the Print button to send the results to a printer.
This example starts when you click the aromatic ring button on the toolbar.
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SMILES
The Property Synthesis utility can use a molecule’s SMILES description to draw the molec ular structure.
You right-click in the drawing area, select Import, and then select SMILES.
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The utility opens the window shown in Figure 63, into which you write or paste the SMILES description.
When you click the OK button, Property Synthesis draws the molecule and shows the calculat ed
properties.
If you enter a SMILES string that is not valid, or that contains a molecule that the Property Synthesis
utility does not support, the Property Synthesis utility displays the error message shown in Figure 64.
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At the bottom of the window is the Go to Input Data button, which you can click to open the
Experimental Data and Calculation Options window.
Select Units
Click the Select Units button at the bottom of the drawing area. The Property Synthesis utility opens the
Select Units window, as shown in Figure 66.
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Click on a property in the Properties list, then click on a unit of measure in the Uni ts list. When all the
desired units of measure are correct, click the OK button. The Property Synthesis utility uses the
selected units of measure to display the information in the Summary report and the estimation method
tabs.
Property Synthesis uses the experimental values in the Experimental Data and Calculation Options
window to compare relative errors of the four methods. The met hod that comes closest to the
experimental value for each property is the method the program selects as best suited for that specific
property. The utility normally passes back to TDM only the predicted values for eac h property. However,
If you select the Data Override option for a property, Property Synthesis sends to TDM the experimental
data instead of the predicted data.
The Range of Temperatures items allow you to specify the temperatures at which the functional
properties are calculated. The Re set button clears all values.
The Use Exp. Values checkbox, when checked, sends the experimental values as input data to the
different estimation methods implemented in Property Synthesis. The experimental values serve to
estimate the non-primary properties, and the utility overwrites the real data.
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When you finish ent ering experimental dat a and click the OK button, the Experimental Data and
Calculation Options window closes and you ret urn to the Property Synthe si s window.
Temperature-Dependent Properties
Table 14 shows the temperature dependent property data from Property Synthesis and the correlation
numbers that map the properties into TDM:
Table 14 Temperature-Dependent Property Correlation Data
Liquid Density 16
Thermal Conductivity 4
Liquid Viscosity 20
Ideal Gas Heat capacity 1
Heat of Vaporization 53
Liquid Enthalpy 54
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Figure 69 shows the user entering information for the new component. TDM assigns the SIMSCI ID.
If you do not know the CAS number, you can leave this field blank. TDM does not allow the FORMULA
field to be blank, so you can enter just the letter x.
Figure 70 shows two new components, once created from scratch, and the other created as a copy of
Acetic Acid, then given its own name. The one created from scratch has no formula, and the other has
the same formula as Acetic Acid.
You select the checkboxes for both the new components to select them, and then select the Ba sic tab on
the right side of the window.
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In Figure 71, the grid in the Ba sic tab shows that the first new component has no properties defined. The
second new component has the same defined properties as Acetic Acid, the component on which it was
based.
The TempDep tab, as shown in Figure 72, displays the temperature -dependent properties for the
selected component, which in this case is the new component that has no properties defined. You can
select any of the properties on this tab, and they will all show values of zero.
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Figure 73 shows the Ba sic Properties on the Fixed tab. Again, the completely new component has
values of zero for all properties, and the new component based on the existing component Acetic Acid
has the properties of that existing component.
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Figure 76 shows the Fixed Heat and Energy Data on the Fixed tab.
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To build the molecule of the new component, you select the UNIFAC tab, as shown in Figure 79. The
Category drop-down list offers several categories of molecular structures, and the Group drop-down list
shows the individual types. The category names and group numbers mostly conform to the UNIFA C
standard, with a few additional items developed by SimSci. The Structure field shows a representation
of the molecular structure.
Figure 79 shows the user selecting Amide group 421 to insert into the new component. When you click
the Insert Group button, the structure appears in the lower grid.
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Figure 80 shows the grid after you select and ins ert Amide group 421, seven copies of Naphthene group
1001, and Acid group 100. To insert more than one copy of a given group, you click the Insert Group
button once, then click the up and down arrows in the Group Count column of the grid.
After selecting all the groups and the quantities of each group that will form the structure of the new
component, you click the Fill from Structure button.
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To verify that TDM calculated the properties of the new component, you can select the TempDep tab
again. Figure 81 shows that the properties of the new component now have values, where Figure 72
showed them empty.
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Figure 82 shows some of the miscellaneous properties of the new component, compared to Figure 77,
which shows the properties without values.
Figure 83 shows some of the critical properties of the new component, compared to Figure 74, which
shows the properties wit hout values.
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When you select the other new component, the one creat ed from an existing component, the UNIFAC
tab shows the structure of the original component already loaded into the grid, as shown in Figure 84.
Figure 85 shows the grid after you select and insert Aromatic group 1223 and three copies of Ketone
group 1322. To insert more than one copy of a given group, click the Insert Group button onc e, then
click the up and down arrows in the Group Count column of the grid.
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After you click the Fill from Structure button, TDM calculates the properties that are not already
calculated. Figure 86 shows that TDM calculated the Rackett property for the new component, even
though Figure 82 shows that this component did not have the Rackett property defined before.
TDM does not change the other properties to match the new molec ular structure, but rather keeps the
existing values. To have the Fill from Structure function recalculate any of the existing properties, you
must clear the properties in the grids before clicking the Fill from Structure button.
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Glossary
Checked Components are components checked in the component viewer. The data for all the checked
components appears in the Property form. The user can check more than one component. The user can
view and modify the dat a for checked components.
Databanks are a collection of components for which all necessary data are available, either by TDM or
by the user.
Data Types The dat a types are a collection of different databank types. There are two data types
available - Unary and Binary.
Databank Types A databank type is useful in predicting or estimating property data for the components.
For example, a pure component databank type of Unary data type predicts the physical and temperat ure
dependent properties of the component.
The other data types are us eful in predicting the liquid densities, liquid activity coefficients and equation
of states of the components.
Libraries A collection of databanks. The libraries can be either system or user libraries. TDM native
libraries include the SimSci databank (SIMS CI), the Process databank (P ROCESS), and the Electrolyte
databank (OLILIB).
Primary File/Library A primary library is the reference library, which TDM refers for component names
and properties. Only a system library can be set as a Primary File.
Selected Component A component selected in the component viewer. A selected component is
highlighted. The data for the selected c omponent appears in the Property form. The user c an select only
one component at a time, and can view the data only for a selected component.
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