BUILDING UTILITIES 03

ACOUSTICS AND
LIGHTINGS

Prepared by:

Perez, Alled Kriston Sean D .

ACOUSTICS
 Definition of Acoustics

●the properties or qualities of a room or building that

determine how sound is transmitted in it.
the term is derived from the Greek “akoustos”,
●

meaning “heard.”
●the branch of physics concerned with the properties of
sound.
 Sounds
●In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an
acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as
a gas, liquid or solid.
●In human physiology and psychology, sound is the
reception of such waves and their perception by the
brain.
●The study of sound should begin with the properties of
sound waves.
●There are two basic types of wave, transverse and
longitudinal, differentiated by the way in which the
wave is propagated.
 Transverse Waves

●Motion in which all points on a wave oscillate along

paths at right angles to the direction of the wave’s
advance.
●Waves generated in a stretched rope when one end is
wiggled back and forth, the motion that constitutes the
wave is perpendicular, or transverse, to the direction
(along the rope) in which the wave is moving.
 Longitudinal Waves

●Waves consisting of a periodic disturbance or

vibration that takes place in the same direction as the
advance of the wave.
●A coiled spring that is compressed at one end and then
released experiences a wave of compression that
travels its length, followed by a stretching; a point on
any coil of the spring will move with the wave and
return along the same path, passing through the neutral
position and then reversing its motion again.
 Division of Acoustics

● Acoustical measurements
● and instrumentation
● Acoustic signal processing
● Aeroacoustics
● Architectural acoustics
● Bioacoustics
 Architectural Acoustics

●Relationship between sound produced in a space and

its listeners, of particular concern in the design of
concert halls and auditoriums. Good acoustic design
takes into account such issues as reverberation time;
sound absorption of the finish materials; echoes;
acoustic shadows; sound intimacy, texture, and blend;
and external noise. Architectural modifications (e.g.,
orchestral shells, canopies, and undulating or angled
ceilings and walls) may act as focusing elements to
improve sound quality.
LIGHTINGS
 Lighting

●equipment in a home, workplace, studio, theater, or

street for producing light.
● the arrangement or effect of lights.
● use of an artificial source of light for illumination.
● It is a key element of architecture and interior design.
 Light

●the natural agent that stimulates sight and makes

things visible.
●an expression in someone's eyes indicating a particular
emotion or mood.
●the medium of illumination that makes sight possible.
Also called: visible radiation electromagnetic radiation
that is capable of causing a visual sensation and has
wavelengths from about 380 to about 780 nanometres.
 Wavelength

●Wavelength is defined as the property of a wave in

which the distance between the identical points
between the two successive waves are calculated.
●Wavelength of light is defined as the distance between
the two successive crests or troughs of the light wave.
 Visible Spectrum

Visible spectrum is nothing but the observable region

of the electromagnetic wave which is visible to human
eyes. In the electromagnetic spectrum, the visible
spectrum ranges from the infrared region to the UV
region. We can detect the range of light spectrum from
about 400 nanometers (violet) to about 700
nanometers (red) and after this range, the human eye
is unable to see the rest of the electromagnetic waves.
We can see these waves as the colours of the rainbow
where each colour includes a different wavelength.