25 July 2019

BS5975:2019
Overview of Procedures

Frank Marples Peter F. Pallett

Chairman BSI committee Member BSI committee
Member since 1998 since 1977
1
BS 5975:2019 Code of practice for temporary works
procedures and the permissible stress design
of falsework

Published 30th May 2019

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First Published 1982
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Third Edition 2008
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Edition 2019
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£340.20
{ £378 full price } 248 pages
2
 BS 5975:2019 - Presentation Topics
Introduction & Foreword by Frank

Section One Clause 5 Overview and Training by Peter

( Including contractual interfaces )

Section Two Clause 6 Procedural Control

( Including new Implementation Risk table)

Clause 7 Clients
Clause 8 Designers
Clause 9 Contractors (PC & Managing)
Clause 10 Suppliers/manufacturers

Clause 11 Temporary Works Co-ordinator

( Changes to Duties )

Clause 12 Temporary Works Supervisor

Clause 13 Design of Temporary Works

( Stability, LS & PS safety factors, categories check )

Clause 14 Site considerations 3

 BS 5975:2019 What’s Changed since 2008/2011 ?

1. CDM Regulations in 2015

(a) Introduced Principal Designers (PD)
and Principal Contractors (PC)
(b) Detailed roles and duties

2. More specialist temporary works contractors

taking on managing temporary works and
subsequent reduction in contractor’s experience.

3. Confusion over roles/duties of TWC and TWS.

4. Introduction of certified courses for TWC & TWS.

5. Awareness that organisations other than TW

contractors don’t appreciate their involvement.
4
 Frank

FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
and 
Principal  Changes

5
 Foreword & Principal Changes
• intended  to  be  used  by  all  organisations  but 
lacked  detail  other  than  for  PC
• updated  in  accordance  with  CDM Regulations  2015
• As  Bragg  intended  PC’s TWC  retains  overall  
control  for  all  TW  on  site 
• terms  and  definitions  updated 
• description  of  temporary  works  added
• includes  recommendations  on  partial  factors  for 
TW  designers
• safety  issue  in  Section 3  has  been  advised

6
 Foreword & Principal Changes
• Partial  revision  in  2011  and  following   items 
reviewed   and   confirmed
– BS 12812   exists  in  parallel   for  limit  state  design   
of   Falsework 
– Design  Classes A,  B1  &  B2  ‐ no  advice   on   Class A 
so  BS 5975  Section  3   applies
• Little  construction  work   undertaken  by   PC  ‐
need   to   reflect   this  and 
• CDM  states  ALL  contractors  should   plan, 
manage  and  monitor  their  own  works  and 
liaise  with  others  i.e.  CO‐ORDINATE
7
 Introduction
Additional background 
•BS 5975  still  based  on  Bragg  (1974)  but need  
to  remember  West  Gate  Bridge  (Yarra Bridge)
‐ see  ICE  Publication   TEMPORARY WORKS  
Principles  of  Design  and  Construction Second  
Edition  (December 2018)
– Causes  of  collapse  included:  client  not  selecting a  
suitably  experienced  contractor  and; 
designer  not  responding  to  contractor  queries on  
temporary  conditions  of  the  permanent works

8
 Written  QUESTIONS
• Q1    New  BS5975   is  3  x size of  previous  version;  Why?
• A   Revision  to  suit  CDM,  additional  pages  for  Overview 
(TWf  requested  a  Lite  version),  needed  Procedures  for
Clients,  Designers  and Contractors  other  than  PC  as 
they were  not  implementing  procedures.

• Q1  SMEs  struggle  with  current  version  and  will  find  this
too  complex   linked to
• Q4  Why organisation focussed approach?
• A   We  tried  both  organisation  and  function  but  found
organisation  worked  best.  Also  it  is  back  to  back  with
CDM  Regulations.   SMEs  can  find  the  relevant  pages
more  easily  as  they  are  together  under  contractors
(other  than  PC ) and  work  for  SMEs  under  contract
to  the  client  or  the  PC.
9
 Peter

CLAUSE 5   OVERVIEW & TRAINING
&
CLAUSE 6    PROCEDURAL CONTROL

10
 QUESTION TIME
Which of the following is mandatory?

A. BS 5975 Section 2 Procedural control

B. BS EN 12812 Performance Requirement
and General Design of Falsework
C. The Work at Height Regulations 2007
D. CIRA C761 Tower Crane Foundation
and Tie Design
E. Guidance L153 to CDM Regulations 2015
F. The Highway Code
11
 QUESTION TIME
What do you mean by “temporary works” ?

A. Anything that is not “permanent”

B. What contractors use to build things
C. Work not paid for by the client
D. Part of the works that allow or enable
construction of the permanent works
E. Includes the site compound, TV and film
sets, advertising hoardings etc
F. Something else
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 What do you mean by “temporary works” ?

G. Hoarding?
H. Mobile  towers?
I. Access  scaffold?
J. Crane  outrigger  foundations?
K. Excavation  to  repair  a  150  dia  water  main?
L. Barge  carrying  crane,  piling  hammer, 
generator  &  sheet  piles  etc.?

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 BS 5975 “Temporary Works”
“Temporary Works” is not defined.

First clause in the overview is 5.1.1.1:-

Temporary works can be described as providing

an “engineered solution” that is used to support
or protect either an existing structure or the
permanent works during construction, or to
support an item of plant or equipment, or the
vertical sides or side-slopes of an excavation
during construction operations on site or to
provide access. It is used to control stability,
strength, deflection, fatigue, geotechnical effects
and hydraulic effects within defined limits.

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Clause 5.1.1.1 continued
Temporary works includes but is not limited to:-

a) Supporting or protecting either existing or new during

construction, modification or demolition
b) Stability during construction, pre-weakening etc
c) Securing, providing access to site/workplace, including
segregation of pedestrians / vehicles
d) Support or restrain plant (inc water-borne)
e) Provision of earthworks, slopes; divert water courses
f) Provide work platforms on land or water
g) Provide measures for noise, dust, fume, air quality etc
h) Protection to services
i) Facilitate testing (e.g. pipe tests, floor load capacity etc.

4 of 5
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 Karnuk Temple, Luxor
Built by Rameses III about 1170 BC

Temporary
works of
earth ramps

Frank & Peter were not consultants on this contract!

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 The three fundamental principles
for controlling temporary works have NOT changed

ONE: All organisations have a duty to

manage and control their work.
TWO: The contractor is responsible for
building the permanent works, and that
includes any associated temporary
works necessary.

THREE: ONE person should take overall

responsibility for managing the TW.
( BS5975:2019 accepts that on very large sites
( 5.1.1.10 ) duties can be allocated for defined areas )
17
5.1.1.7 One of the main aims of
the procedure and the method
of work adopted should be to
minimize the chance of errors
being made and to maximise
the chance of errors being
discovered if they are made.

REMEMBER
Source: BS 5975:1982 to date !
18
 5.2 Training
5.2.1 All those managing TW should have,
as a minimum, an understanding of :-
• the procedures outlined in Section 2 of BS5975
• understand and be able to operate the company
temporary works procedure

• the risk management aspect associated with TW

• technical knowledge relevant to both the role and
complexity of the work; and
• practical knowledge relevant to the complexity.

5.2.3 Those procuring training should assess the

actual trainer for competence, not the
training provider:
19
BS 5975:2019 The persons mainly involved.
Designated Individual (DI)
The senior person in the organisation responsible
for establishing and maintaining the TW procedure, and
appointing TWC’s and TWS’s if required.
The PC’s Temporary Works Co-ordinator (PC’s TWC)
The competent person appointed by the PC to
manage and control all the TW on a site/project.

The Temporary Works Co-ordinator (TWC)

The competent person appointed by the organisation
contracted to manage their own organisation’s TW.
The person will be responsible to their DI & PC’s TWC
The Temporary Works Supervisor (TWS)
The competent person appointed by the organisation
responsible to and assisting the TWC.
20
BS 5975:2019 The committee’s problem
How do you rewrite the 2008 proceduresY written
specifically for “main contractors” to U LT the
suit
FIC
many types and levels of organisations? DIF
A T
R E
From housebuilders, painters, G highways workers, utility
I TH
suppliers, railways,
W medium sized contractors,
-
specialist contractors, client contractors, large
E R
contractors S W linear projects (roads and railways) to
on
AN
nuclear power stations, HS2 and Crossrail

The DPC comments in September 2017 and the TWf in

particular recently, highlighted the need for a simple
explanation at start.
Solution adopted was to write an introductory “overview”
and summary of likely control methods, building up the
complexity with simple diagrams.
This is probably a first for a British Standard !
21
 BS 5975:2019 Clause 5 Overview - Organisations
Client

Principal Contractor Principal Designer

Client Managing
Responsible for:
Contractor Subcontractor
Designers comply
Co-operate
Subcontractor
Co-ordinate
Pass Information

Supplier In-house Other

PWD TWD TWD TWD
TWD TWD PWD Designers

22
 CDM Coordination between Designers

Principal Permanent
Works
Designer Designer
C
L Responsible for:
I Designers comply TW
Co-operation Supplier
E Co-ordination Designer
N Information

T
Principal Temporary
Contractor Works
Designer
23
 The single
CLIENT
contractor on
small project contract

Contractor
Appointed

Temporary Works Co-ordinator

Temporary
Works
Supervisor

Temp Wks

Temp Wks

Project or Site
Figure 2 a)

24
 Several
CLIENT
contractors
client appoints contract
PC
Principal Contractor (PC)
appointed

Principal Contractor’s Temporary Works Co-ordinator

Temporary
Works Temporary
Supervisor Works
Supervisor
Temp Wks

Temp Wks
Temp Wks

Part of Site or
Main Project or Site another
Figure 2(b) Site
25
 Contractor
has several CLIENT
small sites contract

(eg housebuilder Principal Contractor (PC)

or appointed
utility company
Principal Contractor’s Temporary Works Co-ordinator

Temporary Temporary Temporary

Works Works Works
Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor

Temp Wks Temp Wks Temp Wks

Small Site Small Site Small Site

Figure 2 (c)
26
 PC appoints CLIENT
subcontractor to contract
implement own
temporary works
Principal Contractor (PC)
appointed

contract
Sub contractor does Principal Contractor’s
NOT have ability to Temporary Works Co-ordinator
manage the TW
Sub- Contractor
appointed

Temporary
Works
Supervisor Temp Wks

Temp Wks Project

or Site
Figure 2(d)

27
 PC on a large CLIENT
and/or complex site contract

Principal Contractor (PC)

appointed

appointed Principal Contractor’s Lead

Temporary Works Co-ordinator
(include co-ordinate interfaces)
Principal Contractor’s Principal Contractor’s
Temporary Works Co-ordinator Temporary Works Co-ordinator
Interface

Temporary
Works
Supervisor Temporary
Works
Temp Wks Supervisor
Temp Wks
Temp Wks
Temp Wks
Well defined area X
Well defined area Y
of Project or Site A
Figure 2(e) of Project or Site A
28
 BS 5975:2019 Managing Contractors

Another contractor, if deemed competent,

can also manage Temporary Works.
The PC’s duties can be delegated, but
responsibility always remains with the PC’s TWC.

As the PC has overall responsibility for all TW

on the project and well defined area within it,
the PC’s DI must ensure that the contractor
has the skills and expertise - this includes the
PC’s DI approving the contractor’s procedures.

29
 PC appoints
a managing CLIENT
sub contractor
contract

Principal Contractor (PC)

appointed

contract
Principal Contractor’s
Temporary Works Co-ordinator

Managing Sub- Contractor

appointed

Temporary Works Co-ordinator

(manage and/or design)
Project or Site
Temporary Works
Temp Wks Supervisor Temp Wks

Temp Wks
Figure 3(a)

30
 Client appoints
a contractor CLIENT
for work which contract
includes TW
Principal Contractor (PC)

contract
appointed

Principal Contractor’s
Temporary Works Co-ordinator

Client’s Contractor
appointed

Project Temporary Works Co-ordinator

(manage and/or design)
or Site
Temporary Works
Supervisor
Temp Wks

Temp Wks

Figure 3(b)
31
 QUESTION TIME

Who appoints the

Temporary Works Co-ordinator ?
A. The Human Resources Department
B. The Client, on advise of the PWD
C. The Principal Contractor
D. The Designated Individual of the contractor
approved to manage their company’s
temporary works
E. A company director
F. The Project Manager

32
 Implementation Risk Classification of TW
BS5975 Table 1 classes of Implementation Risk for
temporary works with level of risk, permits required
and gives suggested control measures:-
Very low risk, low risk,
medium risk or high risk
**
Identical temporary works N F
may U S E same design
need
O T C O O R Y **
DO N location
but in a different
K C A T E
have G different
** risk!
** C HE C
Classifications
E SI G N seen in company procedures
often * * are
** D WI T H
N R I SK *
** Minor , NNormal
T A T I O and Special *
P E M E
L A, Class T I O N Class C
or
** I M Class
S IF I C A B and
or A S
CL 3, Type 2 and Type 1
Type
**
Note: BS EN 12812 (falsework) uses Class A, B1 & B2
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 PAS 8811 Temporary works – Major infrastructure
client procedures
Code of practice
Published by BSI with
Temporary Works Forum
Introduces:
Type Classification N, S, P

Consequences of Failure Risk

CFR0, CFR1, CFR2, CFR3 G !
IN K
H EC
C
FRisk
Design Complexity SE
L
DCR00, DCR0, es
cl ud DCR1, DCR2, DCR3
n
00 i
DCR
Categories of Design Check 0123

Annex A - Standard Forms

2 of 3 January 2017 £99 42 pages

34
 PAS 8811 Temporary works – Major infrastructure client procedures
Typical page

5.4 Execution Risk

TEXT

5.6 Adoption of peer review

TEXT

5.5 Design Checking

TEXT

Majority of page in Blue text

is for information ONLY!
Published by BSI with
3 of 3
PAS 8811 Page 20 Temporary Works Forum
35
 BS 5975:2019 What procedure has changed?

BS 5975:2008 required “Every organisation involved

in temporary works should have a procedure for control
of temporary works for their organisation.”
The 2011 amendment added a note explaining
that typical organisation can include:-
“clients, management contractors, sub-contractors,
suppliers and consultants.”
BS5975: 2019 has NOT changed this requirement.
To promote each organisation knowing what to do,
the 2019 version is structured by listing the roles
and duties of the various organisations:-
“clients, domestic clients, PW designers, TW designers, PDs,
PCs, contractors other than PC, third-party contractors,
and suppliers/manufacturers.” FRANK WILL EXPAND
36
 Audience  QUESTIONS

Questions on

Clause 5 Overview & Training

&
Clause 6 Procedures

37
 BS 5975:2019 - Presentation Topics

Section One Clause 5 Overview and Training

( Including contractual interfaces )

Section Two Clause 6 Procedural Control

( Including new Implementation Risk table)

Frank Clause 7.0 Clients

Clause 8.0 Designers
Clause 9.0 Contractors
Clause 10.0 Suppliers

Specific explanatory text by organisation

38
 Clause 6 re‐cap
Definition of which organisations should have
a procedure has changed :‐
•6.1.1.1  When  a  project  has,  or  might  be 
anticipated  to  have,  the requirement  for  any 
temporary  works,  the  organizations  listed  in 
6.1.1.2 should  have  and  implement  a  procedure
which   outlines  how  that  organization  is  to 
discharge  its  duties  in  relation  to  temporary  
works.

•This  then  identifies  clients,  designers,  contractors (all  
including  the PC) and  manufacturers/suppliers
39
 Clients & Designers
• 5.1.1.1 Temporary  works  can  be  described  as  providing  an 
"engineered solution"  that  is  used  to  support  or  protect  either  an 
existing  structure  or  the  permanent  works  during  construction,  or to 
support  an  item  of  plant  or  equipment, or  the  vertical  sides  or  side‐
slopes  of  an  excavation  during  construction  operations  on site  or  to 
provide  access.   It  is  used to  control  stability,  strength,  deflection, 
fatigue,  geotechnical  effects  &  hydraulic effects  within  defined   limits.

• Discussion ‐ taking  previous  discussion  on 
what  temporary  works  are:

• Which  projects  would  not  have  any 
temporary  works?

40
 7.0 Clients
• Check  that  any  contractors  and  any  designers 
they  appoint  have  the  necessary  experience  in 
relation  to  the  temporary  works  which  may  be 
expected  in  their  contract.

• Cl 7.1.3  client  advises  directly  appointed   
contractors  that  PC  to  approve  their  procedure   
and  has  full  responsibility  for  TW  on  project 
through the  PC’s  DI.
• This  is  repeated  &  cross referenced  in  both  
the  PC’s  and  Contractor’s  responsibilities.
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 7.0 Clients
Client should :
•ensure  PC  is  co‐ordinating  ALL  TW  on  the  project
and  working  in  accordance  with  its  procedure.
How  this  is  done  depends  on  the  client  and  project.

•identify  assets  which  may  be  affected  by  TW
•identify  schemes  which  require  formal  approval
•identify  hold  points
•provide  information  to  allow  the  PD  or  PC  to
design,  construct  and  remove  temporary  works

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 7.0 Clients

• Cl 7.1.4 & 5  if  client  is  PD   and / or   PC  
then  the  client  must have  procedures
outlined  for  PD  and  procedures  outlined
for  the  PC   too.

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 8.0 Designers
• References  to  TWC  mean  both   PC’s TWC 
and  managing  contractor’s  TWC
• Although  new  procedure  it  is  based  on 
CDM Regulations  except  the  Designers 
(including  PD)  are  required  to  liaise  with  
TWC.    Could  be  direct  with  TWD  and  TWC 
copied  in  if  agreed.
• Should  respond  promptly  to  queries  from 
TWC ‐ again  a  problem  with  no  response  
as  experienced  at  Yarra  Bridge  collapse!
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 8.0 Designers
• Lead  Designer  (TW) ‐ solution to problem on 
NR Bridge GE 19
– Various parts of bridge launch designed by 
different organisations
• Signs  off  the  TWD  when  various  parties 
design  different  parts  of  a  TW  Scheme
– Reviews  all  designs  and  signs  off  an  overall 
design  certificate.
– May  have  a  Lead  Design  Checker  who  signs
off  an  overall  design check  certificate.
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 9.0 Contractors
• As  for  all  DI’s,  the  contractor’s DI  should  be  a  member,  or 
directly  responsible  to  a  member of,  the  main  or  
supervisory board.   See clause 6.1.2.1
• The  duties  on  the  PC (was Main Contractor)  have  remained 
the  same  in  relation  to  its  own  works  BUT  additional duties
have  been  added  in  relation to  the  work of other contractors

• The  duties  on  other  contractors  are  as  the  basic  duties on 
the  PC  in  relation  to  managing  their  temporary works. 
i.e. write  a  procedure,  appoint  a  competent  TWC  and
co‐ordinate  their  temporary  works 
(including  with  other  contractors)

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 9.0 Contractors
• This  is  where  we  had  difficulties  with  some  not 
understanding  that  subcontractors  could  manage  their  own 
TW.    It has  been  an  option  since  2008. 
It  is  NOT done through  the  subcontractor’s   TWS !
• 9.1.8  Where  contractors  are  appointed  by  the  client  and/or 
PC,  the PC's DI  should  ensure  that  contractors’ temporary 
works  procedures  are  satisfactory.   The  contractor  should 
supply  evidence  of  how  the  procedure  has  been 
implemented  on  previous  contracts  and  which  type  of 
temporary  works  the  contractor  has  been  responsible  for.
• NOTE  Attention  is  drawn  to  the  CDM Regulations 2015
and the HSE Guidance Notes L153  on  the  Regulations].
• (ALL Contractors to plan, manage & monitor their own works.)

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 9.0 Contractors

Discussion ‐ Which  Contractors  does  this  mean?

• ALL ?
• Client  appointed ?
• Specialists  ‐ RC Frame,  Marine,  Demolition ?
• Not general  sub‐contractors ?
• Cannot  generalise  ‐ PC’s DI  must   assess

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 9.0 Contractors
• 9.2.2 includes  a  requirement  that  the 
PC’s DI  should  check  that  contractors 
appointed  by  the  PC,  the  client  or  a  third 
party  have  a  satisfactory  procedure.

• This  clause  builds  on  the  clause  under 
clients  which  requires  them  to  inform  the 
contractors  that  the  PC’s DI  will  check   
their  temporary  works  procedures.

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 9.0 Contractors
• PC’s DI  in  relation  to  other  contractors
– When  contractor’s  procedure  should  be  provided
– How   the  procedures  should  be  checked
– What  if  procedure  is  inadequate?
– How  PC’s TWC  should  interact  with  the
contractor’s   TWC
– How  &  when  PC’s TWC  should  verify  the  design    
briefs  from  the  contractor
– How  &  when  PC’s TWC  should  check  the 
design   certification

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 9.0 Contractors

• Confirm  that  the  contractor’s  procedure 
is  satisfactory  ( or  otherwise !)

i.e.  The  contractor  is  deemed  to  have  the  
knowledge,  skills,  experience  and
organizational  capability  to  manage  its
own temporary  works.

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 9.0 Contractors

• Contractors   duty  after  appointment 
• The  PC’s DI  should  be  provided  with  a  
copy  of  the  assessment  of  the  competence 
of  the  contractor’s  PROPOSED  TWC  and 
confirm  acceptance  (or otherwise)  through 
the  PC’s TWC.

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 9.0 Contractors
PC’s responsibility for Temporary Works –
(clause introduced following comment from Hinckley Point)
9.3.2.5. Where  a  particularly  technically  or  logistically  complex
project  can  be  split  into  more  than  one  well‐defined  area,
then  a  PC’s TWC  may  be  appointed  for  each  area.   Each 
individual  PC’s TWC  should  be  responsible  for  all  the  temporary 
works  in  the  area  allocated,  irrespective  of  which  organization 
carries  out  the  temporary  works  in  the  area.   Only  one PC’s
TWC  should  be  responsible  for  a  specific  area.   One  of  these 
individuals  should  be  appointed  as  lead PC's TWC to manage 
the  interfaces  between  the  areas.

NOTE: On  a  contract  such  as  a  motorway  or  railway  the  project  could  be 
split  into  sections,  having  a  PC’s TWC  for  each  section,  provided  that  the 
interface  is  clearly  established.  It  is  extremely  rare  that  a  building  
project would  justify  more  than  one  PC’s TWC. 8 of 11
53
 9.0 Contractors

9.3.3  covers  appointment  of   TWCs   NOT
appointed  by  the  PC
•Role  has  the  same  responsibilities  as  basic 
PC’s TWC  but  note  that  the  PC’s TWC  has 
additional  duties  to  ensure  the  contractor’s 
TWC  is  working  in  a  well‐defined  area  and 
doing  as  the  contractor’s  procedure  requires.

More on this from Peter later

9 of 11
54
 9.0 Contractors
Appointment  of  TWS
•This  applies  to  both  PC  &  other  contractors 
•The  TWS  is  NOT a  sub‐contractor’s  TWC 
by another name.
•The  TWS  role  NEVER included  a  requirement
to co‐ordinate temporary works.
•The TWS  role  is  to  inspect  temporary  works
during  their  (stages of)  construction / erection
and  only  sign  a  permit  to  load/unload  IF
they  are  deemed competent  to  do  so.
10 of 11
55
 9.0 Contractors
• 9.5.2.1  The  client  contractor’s  roles  and 
responsibilities  are  the  same  as  those  for  the 
contractor  appointed  by  the  PC  and  should  be  in 
accordance  with   9.5.1.1 to 9.5.1.7.
• 9.5.2.3  The  PC’s DI  has  a  responsibility  to  ensure  
the  client  contractor’s  procedures  are  satisfactory
(see 9.2.4)
• These  two  clauses  indicate  that  the  PC  has 
responsibility  for  ALL  temporary  works  on  the 
project  and  that  the  client  contractor  SHOULD 
submit  their  TW  procedure  for  approval.
11 of 11
56
 10.0 Suppliers/Manufacturers
Written  by  Chief  Engineer  of  a  major  supplier
10.3  The  supplier's  procedure  should  cover:
– a) equipment  conforms  to  the  published 
technical data;
– b) original  design  of  components,  verification  and 
production  of  technical  information  for
individual  and  assemblies  of  proprietary  items;

continues

1 of 3
57
 10.0 Suppliers/Manufacturers
– c)  ensuring  manufactured  and  repaired  items
conform  to  original  design  requirements  for
initial  and  all  subsequent  production  through
application  of  robust  quality  control;
• I  have  experience  of  a  supplier  changing  fabrication  details 
but  NOT checking  how  the  design  was  affected!
– d) material  handling  and  transportation;
– e) maintenance  and  repair  of  items  that  are  hired
or  offered  for  second‐hand  sale;   and
– f) equipment  substitutions  when  the  original
component  is  not  available.
continues
2 of 3
58
 10.0 Suppliers/Manufacturers
–If they carry out design or erection
(construction) of works then they should have
procedures as outlined in clause 8 and
clause 9 respectively.
Suppliers / Manufactures  should  provide :
• Technical  information (data sheets)
• Design  data
• Information  for  safe  use  of  the  equipment
• Standard  solutions  (as  appropriate.)

3 of 3
59
Audience  QUESTIONS
Questions on

Clause 7.0 Clients

Clause 8.0 Designers
Clause 9.0 Contractors
Clause 10.0
Suppliers/Manufacturers

60
 Peter

• Clause 11 TWC
• Clause 12 TWS
• Clause 13 Design of Temporary Works

61
 Duties of the
Temporary Works
Co-ordinator (TWC)
1975 First recommendation for constructor to
appoint a properly qualified TWC.

1982 BS5975 recommends the construction

organisation involved appoints a
“Falsework Coordinator “
2008 BS5975 renames to TWC and lists
the principle activities of the TWC
62
 BS 5975: 2019 Clause 11
Duties of the Temporary Works Co-ordinator

BS 5975:2011 gave 19 activities/duties

BS 5975:2019 has 23 duties for PC’s inTWC, t”

I NG r Po e d
plus further 6 duties
R N when we other
a ng
A o
P Y c h
H W b y
contractors L on site.
T
L eat h A L
A U
HE “ d AC T
and has ng
i 26haduties for a TWC.
s
llo w t
f o h a
he s w
T g h t
hli
h ig

1 of 7
continues 63
 Existing PC’s Managing
TWC activity TWC TWC

a) co-ordinate all temporary works;

b) ensure a temporary works register

is established and maintained;
and ensure liaised with PC’s register
c) ensure responsibilities allocated accepted
This is the role of the DI, not the TWC

d) ensure a design brief is prepared, is

adequate, and accords with site;
e) ensure that residual risks identified by
the PWD are included;
f) ensure a TW design is carried out;
2 of 7 Stated in role of PC’s TWC
64
 Existing PC’s Managing
TWC activity TWC TWC

g) ensure design check carried out by

someone not involved in original design
Where required confirm to PC’s TWC
h) where appropriate, ensure design made
available to interested parties,
i) register or record relevant documents;
j) ensure on-site receive relevant details,
any limitations, notes, method statements; ?
In hindsight should be in TWC !
k) ensure that appropriate checks are made;
l) ensure proposed changes are checked
against design and action taken;
3 of 7
continues 65
 Existing PC’s Managing
TWC activity TWC TWC

m) ensure agreed changes, corrections are

correctly carried out; and
advise designer of changes/ modifications
n) ensure appropriate maintenance ;

o) ensure permit to load issued after check;

p) when confirmed structure has strength
and/or stability, ensure permit to unload
( take out of use ) is issued;
q) ensure safe system of work in place
for the dismantling of temporary works;
and for erection of TW.
4 of 7 continues
66
 Existing NEW PC’s Managing
TWC activity TWC duties TWC TWC

r) ensure relevant information for health &

safety file transmitted to PD
or PC’s TWC
s) Ensure TWS operate approved procedure
NOW the new duties
1) ensure relevant TW information received
from client, PD, and/or PWD
2) ensure other TW in vicinity referenced
in design brief
3) pos’ copy brief to PC’s TWC and confirm
no adverse effects on any vicinity TW
4) ensure design brief issued to TWD
5 of 7
continues 67
 NEW PC’s Managing
TWC duties TWC TWC

5) ensure client / 3rd party approvals received

6) if discrepancies found in check prevent
load/unload until rectified
New duties for a Managing TWC
7) Ensure PC’s DI approves the management
8) Ensure which procedure the PC’s DI has
agreed (PC or contractor procedure)
9) Awareness of any limitations in use

10) Liaise PC’s TWC on understanding of

types & limits on use permits/hold points

6 of 7
continues 68
 NEW WE SURVIVED ! PC’s Managing
TWC duties TWC TWC
11) ensure TWDs and checkers competent
and verified by organisation’s DI
12) ensure PC TWC rectification instructions
carried out and to PC TWC satisfaction
PC’s duties to Other Contractors
13) receive contractor’s DI’s assessment of
capability of TWC & TWS(s)
14) provide relevant TW information
15) define interfaces between PC & others
16) receive briefs; confirm no adverse effect
17) receive relevant TW info, designs, certs..
18) inspect contractor’s TW as necessary
7 of 7
69
 QUESTION TIME
A. Can a TWC carry out design
and/or design checking?

Although not in role, BS5975 does NOT preclude

any TWC from carrying out design and/or
checking (NOT BOTH) if they are competent and
it is within their experience based on the
complexity of project.
(Clauses 11.2.2.12 & 11.3.2.4)

70
 QUESTION TIME
A. Can a TWC carry out design
Yes
and/or design checking?

B. Should the TWC be an employee of the

organisation managing the works?
The PC’s TWC or TWC should be either an employee
OR an employee of an organisation contracted to
provide the services of a TWC on behalf of the
contractor for all the organisation’s temporary
works on the site/project area.
(Cls 9.3.2.5 & 9.3.3.1)

71
 QUESTION TIME
A. Can a TWC carry out design
Yes
and/or design checking?

B. Should the TWC be an employee of the

organisation managing the works? Yes

C. Is a proprietary supplier of temporary

works equipment always a TWD ?
Not necessarily
e.g. Could provide “Standard Solution”
or data sheet for in house design.

72
 QUESTION TIME
A. Can a TWC carry out design
Yes
and/or design checking?

B. Should the TWC be an employee of the

organisation managing the works? Yes

C. Is a proprietary supplier of temporary

works equipment always a TWD ? Not
always

D. Should a PWD approve the TW ?

73
 PAS 8812
Temporary works –
Application of
European Standards
in design - Guide
Published by BSI with
Temporary Works Forum

January 2016

£ 123
64 pages
Source: BSI publications

74
 Clause 13.3.9 Partial Safety Factor

For the design of steel or aluminium elements of

temporary works, the partial factor for material at
ultimate limit state should be a minimum of 1.1

Where temporary works are designed, manufactured

and assembled for a SINGLE use using similar
details and execution standards as adopted for
permanent works then the designer may justify the
use of a lower partial material factor.

75
 QUESTION TIME
A. Should you design stable structures ?
and

B. Should you consider all likely loads ?

This is NOT the Law

BS5975 says “designer should take into account”

1 of 4
76
 Construction (Design and Management) Regs 2015
Reg. 19 - Stability of Structures

The LAW says you MUST not “should” :-

19 (1) All practicable steps must be taken, where necessary

to prevent danger to any person, to ensure that any
new or existing structure does not collapse if, due to
carrying out construction work, it-
(a) may become unstable; or
(b) is in a temporary state of weakness or instability.

19 (2) Any buttress, temporary support or temporary

structure must-
(a) be of such design and installed and maintained so
as to withstand any foreseeable loads which may
be imposed on it.

2 of 4 77
 Foreseeable Loading !!

3 of 4 78
 BS 5975:2019 Design Guidance
13.3.10 For each temporary works design, the designer
should take into account:-
(a) the structural strength and stiffness of the
individual members and their connections to
transmit the applied forces safely including any
p-delta or feedback effects;
(b) the lateral stability of both individual members
and the structure as a whole;
( c) the resistance to overturning or rotational
failure;
(d) positional stability; and
(e) the effects on the permanent works and its
surroundings.
4 of 4 79
 BS 5975:2019 Design Check Categories - Table 2

Category Scope Independence

Site issue - by another

O Restricted to
standard solutions
member of site team
or design team
ed
by another ng
member
1
Simple design
h a
c team
of design
n
u
More complex design. iesby individual not
or involved in design
2 g
excavations, structural
te
C a
steelwork, foundations, and not consulted by
top restraint assumed. the TW designer

Complex or by another
3 innovative design organisation
80
 BS 5975 The Future ?
BS 5975 – 1 : 20xx
Code of practice -
Part
One
Procedural control of
BS 5975:2019 Temporary Works

BS 5975 – 2 : 20xx
Code of practice - Falsework
Part 2-1 General
Two 2-2 Loadings / Actions
2-3 Analysis
2-4 Limit state design
2-5 Permissible stress design

Business case for this work already submitted to BSI

81
 Temporary Works
Principles of Design
and Construction

34 Chapters
e nt
ge m e s
Second nEdition
a ua t
M a d
Published 2 December
g ra 2018 !
t e r f or rk s
p o
C ha ding ry w
& r e a or a
f e ty ory m p
S a l s t e
1 pu to £145
t e r c o m e w
a p n
Ch ld be yone
o u a n
sh an d 528 Pages
Source - ICE Publishing
82
The End Final Questions ?

83