1. It was the name given to the gifts of money
It is a heat treatment process in which iron or steel is
dispersed to the soldiers of the Roman legions or to
the Praetorian Guard by the Roman Emperors.
Answer: Donavitium
2. It was the high priest of the College of Pontiffs
(Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome. This was the
most important position in the ancient Roman
religion, open only to patricians until 254 BC, when a
plebeian first occupied this post. A distinctly religious
office under the early Roman Republic, it gradually
became politicized until, beginning with Augustus, it
was subsumed into the Imperial office.
Answer: Pontifex Maximus
3. It was a member of a special class of Roman civil
servant, with special tasks of attending and guarding
magistrates of the Roman Republic and Empire who
held imperium, the right and power to command;
essentially, a bodyguard. Answer: Lictor
4. His reign is best known for financial reforms
following the demise of the Julio-Claudian dynasty,
the successful campaign against Judaea, and several
ambitious construction projects, such as the
Colosseum. Upon his death in 79, he was succeeded
by his eldest son Titus, thus becoming the first
Roman Emperor to be directly succeeded by his own
son.
Answer: Vespasian
5. He introduced the Romans to the chief schools of
Greek philosophy and created a Latin philosophical
vocabulary (with neologisms such as humanitas,
qualitas, quantitas, and essentia) distinguishing
himself as a linguist, translator, and philosopher. An
impressive orator and successful lawyer, Cicero
thought that his political career was his most
important achievement. Today, he is appreciated
primarily for his humanism and philosophical and
political writings. His voluminous correspondence,
much of it addressed to his friend Atticus, has been
especially influential, introducing the art of refined
letter writing to European culture.
Answer: Cicero
6. He was a senator and a historian of the Roman
Empire. The surviving portions of his two major
works—the Annals and the Histories—examine the
reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius,
Nero and those who reigned in the Year of the Four
Emperors.
Answer: Tacitus
7. It is the study of language in written historical
sources; it is a combination of literary studies,
history and linguistics.
Answer: Philology
8.
heated in the presence of another material (in the
range of 900 to 950 °C (1,650 to 1,740 °F)) which
liberates carbon as it decomposes. Depending on the
amount of time and temperature, the affected area
can vary in carbon content. This manufacturing
process can be characterized by the following key
points: It is applied to low-carbon workpieces;
workpieces are in contact with a high-carbon gas,
liquid or solid; it produces a hard workpiece surface;
workpiece cores largely retain their toughness and
ductility; and it produces case hardness depths of up
to 0.25 inches (6.4 mm).
Answer: Carburizing
9. The codename for the landing operations of the
Allied invasion of Normandy, in Operation Overlord,
during World War II.
Answer: Operation Neptune
10. It was a conflict between Great Britain and Spain
that lasted from 1739 to 1748, with major
operations largely ended by 1742. Its unusual name,
coined by Thomas Carlyle in 1858, relates to a
captain of a British merchant ship, who exhibited his
severed ear in Parliament following the boarding of
his vessel by Spanish coast guards in 1731. This affair
and a number of similar incidents sparked a war
against the Spanish Empire, ostensibly to encourage
the Spanish not to renege on the lucrative asiento
contract (permission to sell slaves in Spanish
America).
Answer: War of Jenkin's ear (the owner of the ear is
Robert Jenkins)
11. It was an early project for a tank designed in 1903
described as a "automobile canon project" (French:
Projet de canon autopropulseur). It is considered as
the first description, made by a soldier, of what was
going to become the tank.
Answer: Levavasseur Project
12. It was the code name for Germany's invasion of the
Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22
June 1941.
Answer: Operation Barbarossa
13. It is a painting by Pablo Picasso, created in response
to the bombing of a Basque town by German and
Italian warplanes at the behest of the Spanish
Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War.
Answer: Guernica
14. It was the code name given to the Nazi plan to
murder Polish Jews in the General Government, and
marked the most deadly phase of the Holocaust, the
use of extermination camps. During the operation,
as many as two million people were murdered in
 Bełżec, Majdanek, Sobibor and Treblinka, almost all
of whom were Jews.
Answer: Operation Reinhard
15. They were SS paramilitary death squads that were
responsible for mass killings, typically by shooting, of
Jews in particular, but also significant numbers of
other population groups and political categories.
Answer: Einsatzgruppen
16. They were the seven agreements negotiated at a
place in  Switzerland on 5 October – 16 October
1925 and formally signed in London on December 1,
in which the First World War Western European
Allied powers and the new states of central and
Eastern Europe sought to secure the post-war
territorial settlement, and return normalizing
relations with defeated Germany.
Answer: Locarno Treaties
17. It was a decisive battle at the end of the Han
Dynasty, immediately prior to the Three Kingdoms
period of Chinese history. It was fought between the
allied forces of the southern warlords Liu Bei and
Sun Quan and the numerically superior forces of the
northern warlord Cao Cao. Liu Bei and Sun Quan
successfully frustrated Cao Cao's effort to conquer
the land south of the Yangtze River and reunite the
territory of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The allied
victory here ensured the survival of Liu Bei and Sun
Quan, gave them control of the Yangtze (de
Crespigny 2004:273), and provided a line of defense
that was the basis for the later creation of the two
southern states of Shu Han and Eastern Wu.
Answer: Battle of the Red Cliffs / Battle of Chi Bi
18. It was the last major naval battle fought almost
entirely between oar-powered galleys, and has been
assigned great symbolic importance since then.
Answer: Battle of Lepanto
19. It was a failed attempt at revolution that occurred
when Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler,
Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff, and other
heads of the Kampfbund unsuccessfully tried to seize
power in Munich, Bavaria and Germany.
Answer: Beer Hall Putsch
20. Inspired by the military prowess and black uniforms
of the Arditi, Italy's elite storm troops of World War
I, the Fascist Blackshirts were organized by Benito
Mussolini as the military tool of his political
movement. The founders of the paramilitary groups
were nationalist intellectuals, former army officers
and young landowners opposing peasants' and
country labourers' unions. Their methods became
harsher as Mussolini's power grew, and they used
violence and intimidation against Mussolini's
opponents.
Answer: Blackshirts
21. It was the major naval battle fought between Russia
and Japan during the Russo-Japanese War. This was
naval history's only decisive sea battle fought by
modern steel battleship fleets,[1][2] the first naval
battle in which wireless telegraphy played a critically
important role, and has been characterized as the
"dying echo of the old era – for the last time in the
history of naval warfare ships of the line of a beaten
fleet surrendered on the high seas."
Answer: Battle of Tsushima
22. It was an agreement made in a town on the banks of
Lake Maggiore in Italy, between French foreign
minister Pierre Laval, British prime minister Ramsay
MacDonald, and Italian prime minister Benito
Mussolini on April 14, 1935. Its aim was to reaffirm
the Locarno Treaties and to declare that the
independence of Austria "would continue to inspire
their common policy". The signatories also agreed to
resist any future attempt by the Germans to change
the Treaty of Versailles. Most importantly for Benito
Mussolini, it was another opportunity to cover the
Italian masses in a thick veneer of Fascist
propaganda as the 'Duce' was portrayed as an elder
statesman and a keeper of the peace.
Answer: Stresa Front
23. Commonly called "Red Shirts", it is a political
pressure group opposed to the People's Alliance for
Democracy. It is composed of mostly rural
supporters, with some urban supporters as well, and
although the movement receives support from
former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, not all of
its members support the deposed Prime Minister.
Before July 2011 national elections, it claimed that
Abhisit Vejjajiva's government took power
'illegitimately', backed by the Thai Army and the
judiciary. Therefore, it called for the Thai Parliament
to be dissolved so that a general re-election could be
held. They accuses the country's extra-democratic
elite — the military, judiciary, certain members of
the Privy Council, and other unelected officials — of
undermining democracy by interfering in politics.
Answer: United front for Democracy against
Dictatorship (UDD)
24. Under the command of Heinrich Himmler, it was the
official secret police of Nazi Germany.
Answer: Gestapo
25. On 18 September 1931 a small quantity of dynamite
was detonated by Lt. Kawamoto Suemori close to a
railroad owned by Japan's South Manchuria Railway
near Mukden Although the explosion was so weak
 that it failed to destroy the lines and a train passed
minutes later, the Imperial Japanese Army, accusing
Chinese dissidents of the act, responded with a full
invasion that led to the occupation of Manchuria, in
which Japan established its puppet state of
Manchukuo six months later. What is the name of
this incident?
Answer: Mukden incident / Manchuria Incident
26. It is an architectural term for a recess in a room,
usually screened off by pillars, balustrades or
drapery.
Answer: Alclove
27. It is an outdoor space generally used for dining or
recreation that adjoins a residence and is typically
paved. It may refer to a roofless inner courtyard of
the sort found in Spanish-style dwellings or a paved
area between a residence and a garden.
Answer: Patio
28. They are elevated or underground walkways, often
connecting urban high-rises to each other, other
buildings, or the street. They provide quick and
comfortable movement from building to building,
away from traffic and inclement weather.
Answer: Pedway
29. An Italian painter and architect from Florence in the
late Middle Ages, he is generally considered the first
in a line of great artists who contributed to the
Italian Renaissance. His masterwork is the
decoration of the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua, also
known as the Arena Chapel, completed around 1305.
This fresco cycle depicts the life of the Virgin and the
life of Christ. It is regarded as one of the supreme
masterpieces of the Early Renaissance.
Answer: Giotto di Bondone
30. He was Hannibal's cavalry commander during the
Second Punic War. He is most famously known for
what he allegedly said in a conversation with
Hannibal immediately following the Battle of
Cannae: "no one man has been blessed with all
God's gifts. You, Hannibal, know how to gain a
victory; you do not know how to use it.”
Answer: Maharbal
31. It is a courtesy book, written by Baldassare
Castiglione over the course of many years, beginning
in 1508, and published in 1528 by the Aldine Press
just before his death. It addresses the constitution of
a perfect courtier, and in its last installment, a
perfect lady.It remains the definitive account of
Renaissance court life. Beause of this, it is
considered one of the most important Renaissance
works.
Answer: The Book of the Coutier
32. He was a German army officer and Catholic
aristocrat who was one of the leading members of
the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf
Hitler and remove the Nazi Party from power. For his
involvement in the movement he was shot shortly
after the failed attempt known as Operation
Valkyrie.
Answer: Claus von Stauffenberg
33. It was a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by
the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946. It was
the first test of a nuclear weapon after the Trinity
nuclear test in July 1945. Its purpose was to
investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval
ships.
Answer: Operation Crossroads
34. It was the code name given to the first U.S. test of a
dry fuel thermonuclear hydrogen bomb device,
detonated on March 1, 1954 at Bikini Atoll, Marshall
Islands, as the first test of Operation Castle. It was
the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by
the United States, with a yield of 15 megatons. That
yield, far exceeding the expected yield of 4 to 6
megatons, combined with other factors, led to the
most significant accidental radiological
contamination ever caused by the United States.
Fallout from the detonation — intended to be a
secret test — poisoned the islanders who had
previously inhabited the atoll and returned there
afterwards, as well as the crew of a Japanese fishing
boat, and created international concern about
atmospheric thermonuclear testing.
Answer: Castle Bravo
35. It was one of a number of depictions of the Virgin in
the late Middle Ages developed to be more informal
and intimate than the traditional hieratic enthroned
Virgin adopted from Byzantine icons, or the
Coronation of the Virgin. Germany and the
Netherlands in the 15th century saw the peak
popularity of this depiction of the Virgin, usually with
Child, and very often a crowd of angels, saints and
donors, in the garden
Answer: Hortus Conclusus
36. It is an architectural structure, usually made from
interwoven pieces of wood, bamboo or metal that is
often made to support climbing plants.
Answer: Trellis
37. The pact renounced aggressive war, prohibiting the
use of war as "an instrument of national policy"
except in matters of self-defense. It made no
provisions for sanctions. The pact was the result of a
determined American effort to avoid involvement in
the European alliance system. It was registered in
 League of Nations Treaty Series on September 4,
1928.
Answer: Kellog-Briand Pact
38. It was a mass execution of Polish nationals carried
out by the NKVD, the Soviet secret police, in April
and May 1940. The massacre was prompted by
Lavrentiy Beria's proposal to execute all members of
the Polish Officer Corps, dated 5 March 1940.
Answer: Katyn Massacre
39. He is most famous for his participation in Project
Manhigh and Project Excelsior, holding the records
for having the highest, fastest and longest skydive
and as being the first man to make a solo crossing of
the Atlantic Ocean in a gas balloon.
Answer: Joseph Kittinger
40. It is non-clay based ceramic displaying surface
vitrification which creates a bright lustre of various
blue-green colours. Having not been made from clay
it is often not classed as pottery.
Answer: Egyptian Faience
41. In hieroglyphics, it is an ellipse with a horizontal line
at one end, indicating that the text enclosed is a
royal name, coming into use during the beginning of
the Fourth Dynasty under Pharaoh Sneferu,
replacing the earlier serekh. While it is usually
vertical with a horizontal line, it is sometimes
horizontal if it makes the name fit better, with a
vertical line on the left.
Answer: Cartouche
42. He was a Macedonian officer of Alexander the Great
and one of the Diadochi. In the Wars of the Diadochi
that took place after Alexander's death, he
established the Seleucid dynasty and the Seleucid
Empire. His kingdom would be one of the last
holdouts of Alexander's former empire to Roman
rule.
Answer: Seleucus I Nicator
43. One of a series of short vertical posts, often
ornamental, used to support a rail.
Answer: Baluster
44. It is a large sea or ocean inlet larger than a bay,
deeper than a bight and wider than a fjord; or it may
be defined as a narrow sea or ocean channel
between two bodies of land.
Answer: Sound
45. It is the community of organisms which live on, in, or
near the seabed. This community lives in or near
marine sedimentary environments, from tidal pools
along the foreshore, out to the continental shelf, and
then down to the abyssal depths.
Answer: Benthos
46. He was a Prefect of the Grand Scribes of the Han
Dynasty, regarded as the father of Chinese
historiography for his highly praised work, Records
of the Grand Historian, a "Jizhuanti"-style general
history of China, covering more than two thousand
years from the Yellow Emperor to Emperor Wu of
Han. His definitive work laid the foundation for later
Chinese historiography.
Answer: Sima Qian
47. A person born male who is often castrated, typically
early enough in his life for this change to have major
hormonal consequences.
Answer: Eunuch
48. It is used to denote a saying, act or tacit approval,
validly or invalidly, ascribed to the Islamic prophet
Muhammad. They are regarded by traditional Islamic
schools of jurisprudence as important tools for
understanding the Qur'an and in matters of
jurisprudence. They were evaluated and gathered
into large collections during the 8th and 9th
centuries. These works are referred to in matters of
Islamic law and history to this day.
Answer: Hadith
49. He was a general serving under the warlord Liu Bei
during the late Eastern Han Dynasty of China. He
played a significant role in the civil war that led to
the collapse of the Han Dynasty and the
establishment of the state of Shu Han during the
Three Kingdoms period, of which Liu Bei was the first
emperor.
Answer: Guan Yu
50. It is the combining of different beliefs, often while
melding practices of various schools of thought. It
may involve the merger and analogising of several
originally discrete traditions, especially in the
theology and mythology of religion, thus asserting an
underlying unity and allowing for an inclusive
approach to other faiths.
Answer: Syncretism
51. It is an early motion picture exhibition device.
Though not a movie projector—it was designed for
films to be viewed individually through the window
of a cabinet housing its components—it introduced
the basic approach that would become the standard
for all cinematic projection before the advent of
video: it creates the illusion of movement by
conveying a strip of perforated film bearing
sequential images over a light source with a high-
speed shutter.
Answer: Kinetoscope
52. "Never Gonna Give You Up" is the subject of a
popular Internet prank known as "rickrolling"
involving misleading links redirecting to the song's
music video. Question: Who is the singer?
Answer: Rick Astley
53. It is an 1894 American, short, black-and-white, silent
documentary film shot by William K.L. Dickson and
starring Fred Ott. It was the first motion picture to
be copyrighted in the United States.
Answer: Fred Ott’s Sneeze
54. It is an early device for displaying motion pictures.
Created by photographic pioneer Eadweard
Muybridge in 1879, it may be considered the first
movie projector. It projected images from rotating
glass disks in rapid succession to give the impression
of motion.
Answer: Zoopraxiscope
55. It is a traditional style of stand-up comedy in
Japanese culture, which usually involves two
performers a straight man and a funny man —
trading jokes at great speed. Most of the jokes
revolve around mutual misunderstandings, double-
talk, puns and other verbal gags.
Answer: Manzai
56. It is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment in
the United States and Canada from the early 1880s
until the early 1930s. Each performance was made
up of a series of separate, unrelated acts grouped
together on a common bill. Types of acts included
popular and classical musicians, dancers, comedians,
trained animals, magicians, female and male
impersonators, acrobats, illustrated songs, jugglers,
one-act plays or scenes from plays, athletes,
lecturing celebrities, minstrels, and movies.
Answer: Vaudeville
57. It is a hypothetical universal solvent, having the
power to dissolve every other substance, including
gold. It was much sought after by alchemists for
what they thought would be its invaluable medicinal
qualities.
Answer: Alkahest
58. Two separate paintings which are attached by hinges
or other means, displayed as one artwork.
Answer: Diptych
59. It is a part of theology, philosophy, and futurology
concerned with what are believed to be the final
events in history, or the ultimate destiny of
humanity, commonly referred to as the end of the
world or the World to Come.
Answer: Eschatology
60. He was an Englishman who, although the patents
were eventually overturned, is often credited for
inventing the spinning frame — later renamed the
water frame following the transition to water power.
He also patented a carding engine that could convert
raw cotton into yarn.
Answer: Richard Arkwright
61. French term for “a new century”, the term
sometimes encompasses both the closing and onset
of an era, as it was felt to be a period of
degeneration, but at the same time a period of hope
for a new beginning.
Answer: Fin de siècle
62. In photography, they are colorized images produced
from black-and-white photographic negatives via the
direct photographic transfer of a negative onto
lithographic printing plates.
Answer: Photochrom
63. It emerged as a way of life of the townspeople
during the Edo period of Japanese history. It was a
distinct culture that arose in cities such as Osaka,
Kyoto, and Edo. It encouraged aspiration to bushidō
(way of the warrior) qualities—diligence, honesty,
honor, loyalty, and frugality—while blending Shinto,
Neo-Confucian, and Buddhist beliefs. Study of
mathematics, astronomy, cartography, engineering,
and medicine were also encouraged. Emphasis was
placed on quality of workmanship, especially in the
arts.
Answer: Chonindo
64. The Japanese form of popular collaborative linked
verse poetry formerly known as haikai no renga, is
an offshoot of the older Japanese poetic tradition of
ushin renga, or orthodox collaborative linked verse.
Answer: Renku
65. He is a Greek philosopher who founded the Stoic
school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens
from about 300 BC.
Answer: Zeno of Citium
66. Evolved alongside Confucianism and Legalism, this
philosophy is best known for the concept of
"impartial love" or "universal love". It promotes a
philosophy of impartial caring - a person should care
equally for all other individuals, regardless of their
actual relationship to him or her.
Answer: Mohism
67. It is a collective term for schools of thought following
or referring to G. W. F. Hegel's philosophy which can
be summed up by the dictum that "the rational
alone is real," which means that all reality is capable
of being expressed in rational categories.
 Answer: Hegelianism
68. Common term used to describe the government of
France that collaborated with the Axis powers from
July 1940 to August 1944. This government
succeeded the Third Republic and preceded the
Provisional Government of the French Republic. It
officially called itself the French State (État Français),
in contrast with the previous designation, the French
Republic.
Answer: Vichy France, Vichy Regime
69. They were a social movement of 19th-century
English textile artisans who protested – often by
destroying mechanized looms – against the changes
produced by the Industrial Revolution, which they
felt were leaving them without work and changing
their way of life.
Answer: Luddites
70. It is a type of German film that offers an intimate,
cinematic portait of lower bourgeois life. It formed a
German film movement of the 1920s silent film
period that was developed around the same time as
the more commonly known Expressionist movement
in cinema. It was known as the "chamber drama" as
a result of the influence from the theatrical form of
the chamber play. It is characterised by its focus on
character psychology and its lack of intricate set
design. Also, unlike Expressionist films, it seldom
used intertitles to narrate the story.
Answer: Kammerspielfilm
71. A mass of masonry built against or projecting from a
wall either to stabilise, from the lateral thrust of an
arch roof or vault, or to enable the wall to be
thinner.
Answer: Buttress
72. It is the continuation of the nave of a church to the
east of the crossing. Inside, it is where the altar
stands.
Answer: Chancel
73. The best known tenet of this law is agnatic
succession, the rule excluding females from the
inheritance of a throne or fief. Indeed, it has often
been used simply as a synonym for agnatic
succession. But the importance of this law extends
beyond the rules of inheritance, as it is a direct
ancestor of the systems of law in many parts of
Europe today.
Answer: Salic Law
74. Since their marriage in 1708, Charles and his wife
Elizabeth Christine had not had a son, and since 1711
Charles had been the sole male member of the
House of Habsburg alive. Moreover, Charles' elder
brother Joseph I had died without male issue,
making female succession a very plausible
contingency. Because of the law that precluded
female inheritance during this time, Charles VI
needed to take extraordinary measures to avoid a
disputed succession. This led to the creation of an
edict issued by Emperor Charles VI to ensure that
the Austrian throne and Habsburg lands could be
inherited by a daughter.
Answer: Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
75. Nicknamed "Soul of Italy," he was an Italian
politician, journalist and activist for the unification of
Italy. His efforts helped bring about the independent
and unified Italy in place of the several separate
states, many dominated by foreign powers, that
existed until the 19th century. He also helped define
the modern European movement for popular
democracy in a republican state.
Answer: Giuseppe Mazzini
76. It was the popular name of an assemblage of some
43,000 marchers—17,000 World War I veterans,
their families, and affiliated groups—who gathered
in Washington, D.C., in the spring and summer of
1932 to demand immediate cash-payment
redemption of their service certificates. It was led by
Walter W. Waters, a former Army sergeant.
Answer: Bonus Army
77. It was the designation adopted by British military
intelligence in June 1941 for wartime signals
intelligence obtained by "breaking" high-level
encrypted enemy radio and teleprinter
communications at the Government Code and
Cypher School at Bletchley Park. It eventually
became the standard designation among the
western Allies for all such intelligence.
Answer: Ultra
78. It is a Japanese political philosophy and a social
movement derived from Neo-Confucianism; it
became a political slogan in the 1850s and 1860s in
the movement to overthrow the Tokugawa bakufu,
during the final years of the Edo period.
Answer: Sonno joi
79. He was a member of Philip II of Macedon's
somatophylakes, his personal bodyguard. He
assassinated Philip in 336 BC, possibly at the
instigation of Philip's wife Olympias, or even his son
Alexander the Great.
Answer: Pausanias of Orestis
80. Agreements made in 1929 between the Kingdom of
Italy and the Holy See, ratified June 7, 1929, ending
the "Roman Question." Italy was then under a
Fascist government; the succeeding Italian
 governments have all upheld the treaty. The pacts
consisted of three documents: A political treaty
recognising the full sovereignty of the Holy See in
the State of Vatican City, which was thereby
established,A concordat regulating the position of
the Catholic Church and the Catholic religion in the
Italian state.A financial convention agreed on as a
definitive settlement of the claims of the Holy See
following the losses of its territories and property.
Answer: Lateran treaties
81. The conference, attended by representatives of 44
nations, resulted in the creation of the International
Monetary Fund and the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development.
Answer: Bretton Woods Conference
82. On the USS Augusta, President Franklin D. Roosevelt
and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill draw
up a joint declaration establishing their vision for the
world after World War II. Known as the Atlantic
Charter, it lays the foundation for what international
organization?
Answer: The United Nations
83. The leaders of Germany, Italy, France, and Britain
sign a pact that cedes the German-speaking
Sudetenland, a region of Czechoslovakia, to Adolf
Hitler's Third Reich. In exchange, Hitler pledges to
make no further regional claims in Europe. Hitler will
soon break his promise, declaring most of
Czechoslovakia a German protectorate in March of
1939. On September 1, 1939, Germany will invade
Poland, ushering in World War II. This pact becomes
a potent example of the risks of appeasement.
Answer: Munich Pact
84. Also known as the Breviary of Alaric, it is an
important collection of Roman laws compiled under
Alaric II, king of the Visigoths. Issued in AD506 at
Toulouse (now in France), the code was designed for
Alaric's Roman subjects and was almost exclusively
Roman in character. It was derived from the Code
and Novels of the Roman emperor Theodosius II
(AD401-50), the Institutes of the Roman jurist Gaius
(circa AD110-80), and other authorities.
Answer: Lex Romana Visigothorum
85. Denoting zero as a small oval containing an inner arc,
they are the first civilization to use a symbol for zero.
Answer: Mayans
86. According to this esoteric religious movement,
sparks or seeds of the Divine Being fell from this
transcendent realm into the material universe,
which is wholly evil, and were imprisoned in human
bodies. Reawakened by knowledge, the divine
element in humanity can return to its proper home
in the transcendent spiritual realm.
Answer: Gnosticism
87. Body of Jewish civil and religious law, including
commentaries on the Torah, or Pentateuch.
Answer: Talmud
88. Christian schismatic sect of the 5th and 6th centuries
that maintained that Christ had only one (divine)
nature, thereby opposing the orthodox doctrine that
he was both divine and human.
Answer: Monophysitism
89. One of the oldest dance styles of India, performed
regularly as part of religious rituals, court
ceremonies, weddings, and other important social
occasions. It is performed by a female soloist who
portrays different characters in a story she
interprets. She draws from Indian mythology, the
Sanskrit epic the Ramayana, the Puranas (ancient
stories), and personal experience in creating her
dance. The dancer uses a language of hand gestures
to interpret her song. The text is set within a
rhythmic framework and melodic mode that
correspond to and relate the piece's mood.
Answer: Bharata Natyam
90. The suspension bridge that connects the Manila
districts of Quiapo and Ermita across the Pasig River
in the Philippines. Designed by the Basque engineer
Matias Mechacatorre and completed in 1852, it was
the first suspension bridge in Asia.
Answer: Quezon Bridge / Claveria Bridge
91. Performed during World War II, it was the overall
Allied strategic deception plan in Europe for 1944,
carried out as part of the build-up to the invasion of
Normandy. The major objective of this plan was to
lead the Germans to believe that the invasion of
northwestern Europe would come later than was
actually planned, and to threaten attacks at other
locations than the true objective, including the Pas
de Calais, the Balkans, southern France, Norway, and
Soviet attacks in Bulgaria and northern Norway.
Answer: Operation Bodyguard
92. It is a short but important dialogue by the ancient
Greek philosopher Plato. It is a conversation
between Socrates and his wealthy friend regarding
justice, injustice, and the appropriate response to
injustice. Socrates thinks that injustice may not be
answered with injustice, and refuses his friend’s
offer to finance his escape from prison. This dialogue
contains an ancient statement of the social contract
theory of government.
Answer: Crito
93. In 1896, during the first publication of Kalayaan, he
assisted Bonifacio and Jacinto in editing the
 newspaper. He also wrote Catuiran? (Is it Fair?),
which described the cruelties of the Spanish priest
and civil guards of San Francisco del Monte (now in
Quezon City) on a helpless village lieutenant. He also
collaborated with Bonifacio in writing the article Sa
Mga Kababayan (To my Countrymen), an essay
addresses to the motherland. His nom-de-plume was
Madlang-Away.
Answer: Pio Valenzuela
94. He was a Filipino general during the Philippine
Revolution and the Philippine-American War,
considered by the Armed Forces of the Philippines as
the "Father of the Philippine Army". He was also
notable for never having taken an oath of allegiance
to the United States government, which occupied
the Philippines from 1898 to 1946.
Answer: Artemio Ricarte
95. It is one of eleven surviving plays written by
Aristophanes. Originally performed in classical
Athens in 411 BC, it is a comic account of one
woman's extraordinary mission to end The
Peloponnesian War. The play persuades the women
of Greece to withhold sexual gratification from their
husbands as a means of forcing the men to negotiate
peace — a strategy that, consequently, inflames the
battle between the sexes. The play is notable for
being an early exposé of sexual politics in a male-
dominated society.
Answer: Lysistrata
96. It is a Japanese term for Chinese poetry in general as
well as the poetry written in Chinese by Japanese
poets. It literally means "Han poetry". It was the
most popular form of poetry during the early Heian
period in Japan among Japanese aristocrats and
proliferated until the modern period.
Answer: Kanshi
97. It is a state of animal dormancy, characterized by
inactivity and a lowered metabolic rate that is
entered in response to high temperatures and arid
conditions. It takes place during times of heat and
dryness, the hot dry season, which is often but not
necessarily the summer months.
Answer: Aestivation / Estivation
98. It is the ability of a substance to attract and hold
water molecules from the surrounding environment
through either absorption or adsorption with the
absorbing or adsorbing material becoming physically
'changed,' somewhat: by an increase in volume,
stickiness, or other physical characteristic of the
material as water molecules become 'suspended'
between the material's molecules in the process.
While some similar forces are at work here, it is
different from capillary attraction, a process where
glass or other 'solid' substances attract water, but
are not changed in the process, e.g. water molecules
becoming suspended between the glass molecules.
Answer: Hygroscopy
99. It was the first country to formally abolish military
forces. The constitution has forbidden a standing
military since 1949. It does have a public security
force, whose role includes law enforcement and
internal security. For this reason this country is the
headquarters for the Inter-American Court of Human
Rights and also the United Nations' University for
Peace.
Answer: Costa Rica
100. It is considered the rarest known disease in
the world, with only two cases diagnosed. Named
after the Welsh twins who were diagnosed with the
disease, it is described as a neuromuscular disease,
exhibiting muscular degeneration.
Answer: Fields’ Disease
101.It was a framework for a "more autonomous
government" in preparation for the grant of
independence by the United States. While the 1902
act provided for an appointed upper house, this law
provided that both houses of the Philippine
Legislature would be elected.
Answer: Jones Law
102. It was the German Armed Forces name for
its plan for a 1942 strategic summer offensive in
southern Russia between 28 June and November
1942. A continuation of the previous year's
Operation Barbarossa and intended to finally knock
the Soviet Union out of the war, the operation
involved a two-pronged attack against the rich
oilfields of Baku as well as an advance in the
direction of Stalingrad along the Volga River, to
cover the flanks of the advance towards Baku.
Answer: Case Blue
103. It functioned as a paramilitary organization
of the German Nazi Party. It played a key role in
Adolf Hitler's rise to power in the 1920s and 1930s.
Members of this organization were often called
"brownshirts" for the colour of their uniforms.
Answer: Sturmabteilung
104. It is a group of courtiers or favourites who surround
a king or ruler. Usually, they do not hold any office or
have any official authority but influence their ruler
behind the scenes. Consequently, they also escape
having to bear responsibility for the effects of their
advice.
Answer: Camarilla
105. Coming from a German word meaning
"seizure of power", is normally used specifically to
 refer to the Nazi takeover of power in the
democratic Weimar Republic on 30 January 1933,
the day Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor of
Germany, turning it into the Nazi Germany (Third
Reich) dictatorship.
Answer: Machtergreifung
106. As a form of mysticism, this philosophy
contains theoretical and practical parts, the first
dealing with the high origin of the human soul
showing how it has departed from its first estate,
and the second showing the way by which the soul
may again return to the Eternal and Supreme. The
system can be divided between the invisible world
and the phenomenal world, the former containing
the transcendent One from which emanates an
eternal, perfect, essence (nous), which, in turn,
produces the world-soul.
Answer: Neoplatonism
107. They were the names of two massive
World War II German 80 cm K (E) railway siege guns.
They were developed in the late 1930s by Krupp for
the express purpose of destroying heavy
fortifications, specifically those in the French
Maginot Line. They weighed nearly 1,350 tonnes,
and could fire shells weighing seven tonnes to a
range of 37 kilometers (23 miles). Designed in
preparation for World War II, and intended for use
against the deep forts of the Maginot Line, they
were not ready for action when the Wehrmacht
outflanked the line during the Battle of France. It
was the largest calibre rifled weapon in the history
of artillery to see actual combat, and fired the
heaviest shells of any artillery piece. Answer:
Schwerer Gustav / Dora
108. It was the name used after World War II for
Nazi Germany's eugenics-based "euthanasia"
program during which physicians killed thousands of
people who were "judged incurably sick, by critical
medical examination".
Answer: Action T-4
109.This slogan is known for having been placed over the
entrances to a number of Nazi concentration camps
during the Holocaust, including most infamously
Auschwitz I, where it was made by prisoners with
metalwork skills and erected by order of the Nazis in
June 1940.
Answer: Work Makes Free (Arbeit macht frei in
German)
110. He succeeded in producing a machine
which spun yarn suitable for use in the manufacture
of muslin, and which was known as the muslin wheel
or the Hall i' th' Wood (pronounced Hall-ith-wood)
wheel, from the name of the house in which he and
his family resided. Who is this inventor?
Answer: Samuel Crompton ( Hall I’ th’ Wood is also
known as the spinning mule)
111. Known as the "father of modern chemistry",
he was a French nobleman prominent in the
histories of chemistry and biology. He found and
termed both oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783),
helped construct the metric system, put together the
first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform
chemical nomenclature. He was also the first to
establish that sulfur was an element (1777) rather
than a compound. He discovered that, although
matter may change its form or shape, its mass
always remains the same.
Answer: Antoine Lavoisier
112. Term a wandering monk in certain ascetic
traditions of ancient India including Jainism,
Buddhism, and Ājīvika. Traditionally, they are the
one who renounces the world and leads an ascetic
life for the purpose of spiritual development and
liberation. Typically they assert that human beings
are responsible for their own deeds and reap the
fruits of those deeds, for good or ill. Liberation,
therefore, may be achieved by anybody irrespective
of caste, creed, color or culture (in contrast to
certain historical caste-based traditions) providing
the necessary effort is made.
Answer: Shramana (Famous examples of these are
Gautama Buddha and Mahavira)
113. It is an alchemical still consisting of two
vessels connected by a tube. Technically, it is the lid
with a tube attachment (the capital or still-head),
which is placed on top of a flask, the cucurbit,
containing the material to be distilled, but the word
is often used to refer to the entire distillation
apparatus.
Answer: Alembic
114. He is the chief executive officer of Apple
Inc., having joined the company in March 1998. His
primary responsibility is managing day-to-day
operations at the company. He was named CEO after
Steve Jobs announced his resignation on August 24,
2011. Answer: Tim Cook
115. Traditional Japanese entryway areas for a
house, apartment, or building—something of a
combination of a porch and a doormat. Its primary
function is for the removal of shoes before entering
the main part of the house or building. These are
often recessed into the floor, to contain any dirt that
is tracked in from the outside (as in a mud room)
Answer: Genkan