Going to FUTURE

Form TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + GOING TO + VERB

  positive negative question

I I am going to speak. I am not going to speak. Am I going to speak?

you / we / You are going to You are not going to speak. Are you going to speak?
they speak.

he / she / it He is going to speak. He is not going to speak. Is he going to speak?

Use
 an action in the future that has already been planned, prepared or intended
example: I am going to study harder next year. I am going to repair my car.

 a conclusion regarding the immediate future, based on visible, objective proof (we
see now that something is sure to happen soon)
example: The sky is absolutely dark. It is going to rain.

This woman is pregnant. She is going to have a baby.

Why are you carrying the ladder? Because I am going to fix the roof.

NOTE – go, come, arrive – verbs of movement

I am going to go to Italy. I am going to Italy.

He is going to come home tonight. He is coming home tonight.

Why is he going to arrive late on Friday? Why is he arriving late on Friday?

ALSO:

GO/COME/ARIVE + TO WORK, SHOP, SCHOOL, BED, ROOM…

but

GO/COME/ARRIVE HOME
 Future I Simple will

Form: WILL + VERB

  positive negative question

All persons I-THEY will speak. He will not/won’t speak. Will they speak?

Use
 a spontaneous decision/decision at the moment of speech
example: Wait, I will help you.

 an opinion, hope, uncertainty or assumption regarding the future

example: He will probably come back tomorrow.

 a promise
example: I will not watch TV tonight.

 an action in the future that cannot be influenced or prediction

example: It will rain tomorrow.

 conditional clauses type I (the first conditional)

example: If I arrive late, I will call you.

Signal Words
 I think, suppose, guess, expect; if, probably, perhaps, maybe, I’m (not) sure…

SHALL I / SHALL WE – quiet old use now, it was used for the 1st person singular and plural.
Now, it is only used in the form of question for polite suggestions/offers/invitations:
Shall we go to the new Chinese restaurant? Shall I do it for you?
 Present Tenses

Present Progressive
It is used to express development and actions that are arranged for the near future.

 arrangement for the near future – within one week

I am going to the cinema tonight. Are you seeing Monica on Sunday?

NOTE – expressions with THIS and NEXT (week, month, year…)

Next year, we are travelling to Russia and this week we are making plans for the trip.

Present Simple
 actions that are set by a timetable or schedule

The bus leaves at 3 PM. When does Jake’s train leave? It leaves at 10 AM.