Assignment-03

Introduction to Smart Grid Technology

Narendar Kumar 20182-23314
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Question: Energy Management and Smart Control in Smart Grids.
Answer: Two of the main reason why we want our grid to be smart is more and energy
management with high precision and demand and response. And 2 nd reason was to generate is
to generate electricity from renewable sources with negligible environmental effects.
Renewable sources include solar, wind, fuel cells, geothermal and hydro. To meet the needs of
electricity it is not possible to extract enough energy through any single renewable source but
needs a complete distributed source system. For an effective DSS, our grid should be smart
enough to monitor and calculate that at what instant of time what is the energy requirement at
load side hence, accordingly grid should behave to utilize sources at generations side. For
example, total requirement of Karachi city is 4MW and we have four power plants three of
renewable and one is fuel based. Our first priority will be to meet required needs from
renewable sources, for this purpose it is essential for grid to calculate load requirement at
various areas of Karachi and give signal at generation side the this is the energy demand for
this instant and this amount is required. In this way controlling the generation and managing
the load side energy requirement we can extract maximum energy from renewable sources
relaying on fuel only when there is excessive need at load side. If our grid is capable of
managing load side and reacting accordingly, we will be able to generate maximum electricity
with maximum efficiency from renewable sources with minimum environmental effects and
less power losses.