FINAL ASSIGNMENT

(TSL015)

NAME: MUHAMMAD HAIKAL BIN AMRAN

GROUP: T12
STUDENT ID: 2019221002
 (TASK 1)

Research on the Cultivation of Infants and Young Children'

Early Reading Habits in Two-Child Family Environment
Jieping Cheng
Dongchang College of Liaocheng University, liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
Abstract. Reading is an extremely important way of learning for the Chinese people, through
which the masses can get a lot of knowledge. However, for infants and young children, the
cultivation of reading ability is not negligible. Family environment plays an important role in the
development of reading ability of infants. However, in China's two-child families, how to cultivate
infants' early reading habits and how to make use of the influence of two-child habit to promote
infants' interest in reading has become a puzzle for parents. Therefore, in this context, this paper
conducts a detailed study on the cultivation of infants' early reading habits in the two-child family
environment. First of all, the article summarizes the importance of early reading habits in infants.
Then, it summarizes the problems existing in the cultivation of infants' early reading habits in the
two-child family environment, and finally puts forward several targeted strategies for the cultivation
of infants' early reading habits in the two-child family environment in China.

Keywords: two-child family environment; Infants and young children. Reading habits; Habit
cultivation.

1. Introduction
Due to the age of infants and young children, their cognitive level and life experience are
inadequate. Therefore, parents should focus on cultivating infant and young children’ habits in the
process of infant education. Because, in the process of infants and young children' cognition of the
world, they can be promoted to have higher efficiency in the future by developing good habits. For
infants and young children to develop the habit of reading, reading is a necessary condition in
everyone's learning process. In early education, parents' important task is to cultivate children's
good reading habits, so as to maximize the promotion of infants and young children observation,
knowledge and cognitive ability and imagination. Therefore, in the contemporary society, with the
increase of the number of two-child families in China, parents pay more and more attention to how
to develop infants and young children' reading habits, and how to promote the emotional
communication between children has become the focus of two-child families. Therefore, this paper
has certain practical significance for the research on the cultivation of infants and young children'
early reading habits in the two-child family environment.

2. The Importance of Early Reading Habits

First, early reading habits of infants can cultivate rich emotions and form good moral character.
For infants and young children, infants and young children period is very rich in imagination, and
infants and young children's curiosity strong, which makes the infants and young children in the
process of reading and listening is more easy to produce different ideas to the protagonist in the
article, at the same time also comes with certain moved and shed tears of emotion, which to a
certain extent, to fully makes the infant get abundant emotion, raise infant mortality and the
establishment of judgments, to fully develop the infant the formation of good moral character. In
addition, in two-child families, the eldest child leads the second child to do early reading, which can
also promote the emotion between children and help to create a harmonious atmosphere in the
family.
Second, infants and young children early reading habits to develop a strong psychological quality
can raise, into a good reading habit. For children, the most obvious characteristic of early childhood
is hyperactivity, and this period of children lack of sensitivity to the text, more lack of knowledge of
the outside world. Therefore, for parents, parents should be in this period of science for infants
reading habits. For infants and young children's early reading, the practical significance of the
infants and
Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.
young children's early reading is not lies in the "book", but in the whole process of infants and
young children to read, in the process of the reading habit, infants and young children can be
improved greatly with their attention, to raise their ability of thinking and imagination ability, at the
same time also can fully exercise the baby observation, cultivate infant memory [1].
Thirdly, cultivating reading habits in infants can also promote their enjoyment of mental
pleasure. For children's books, compared with other books, the theme of children's books is rich in
content, description techniques are more vivid, and the content presented in the stories is more
diverse [2]. For the article "in my island", this article is based on the emotions of infants, and then
makes infants get some inner communication. For another example, in the picture book "grandpa
does not wear a suit", the author refers to the pictures in the book, all of which have certain
emotional tone and depict the characters based on the rough lines, so that the infants can release
their own pressure emotions through their own imagination and deepen their thinking on life.
Therefore, for infants and young children, the cultivation of their own early reading habits, from the
perspective of real-life analysis can fully promote the infants to express their emotions. The
cultivation of infants' reading habits can not only make them feel more warmth and love, but also
make them feel ugly and promote their comprehensive experience, so as to cultivate their own
emotions.

3. Problems Existing in the Cultivation of Infants' Early Reading Habits in the

Two-child Family Environment
3.1 Parents' Early Reading View is too One-sided
Parents' view of early reading is too one-sided, which is an important problem in the cultivation
of infants' early reading habits in the two-child family environment in China. At present, parents of
infants and young children in China have realized the importance of developing their early reading
habits. However, some parents regard early reading as an opportunity for their children to learn to
read early. The reading process of infants and young children is regarded as the process of word
recognition and literacy, and this behavior of eager for quick success and instant benefit seriously
affects the interest of infants and young children in reading [3]. In addition, relevant international
studies have found that if it is only a simple word recognition, then for infants and young children,
early reading habits for the development of various abilities of infants and young children has no
significance. Therefore, in China's two-child family, parents' early reading concept is too one-sided,
and the concept of one-sided literacy is not conducive to the cultivation of infants' early reading
habits.
3.2 Incorrect Parental Guidance
Incorrect parental guidance is another serious problem in the early reading habits of infants in
two- child families. According to relevant surveys, most parents in two-child families only choose
books according to their own preferences in the process of selecting books for infants and young
children, and rarely consider the age and interest needs of infants and young children. In addition,
parents are often affected by their own emotions in the process of guiding their children to read.
When the parents are in a good mood, they will give more guidance for a few minutes. When the
parents are in a low mood, they will not even give guidance. In addition, in the two-child family
environment, the frequency of parent-child reading between parents and children is constantly
decreasing, which, on the whole, affects the reading time of children.
3.3 Lack of Graded Reading Concept
Based on the analysis of the current situation, the early infant education in two-child families has
been highly valued in the world. Nowadays, most parents in two-child families have serious
confusion between early reading and early word recognition. According to the survey, in the
process of cultivating early reading habits, especially in the process of cultivating older children,
most parents of two-child families usually pay more attention to children's word recognition, so
parents have a one-sided method in selecting reading materials for their children. For children,
graded reading refers
to reading at different levels according to their own physical and mental development rules [4]. But
at present, many parents in the early reading habits, the formation of some parents in the process of
mechanical urge children to read and read, resulting in children in the process of reading cannot
understand the story content, and then lost interest in reading.
As for infants, they are relatively young, and parents play a leading role in developing their
reading habits [5]. If children do not read in grades in the process of forming habits, and parents
also lack the understanding of the concept of graded reading, then it will certainly affect the effect
of early reading habits in infants. At the same time, in terms of zero to three infant early reading,
there is a huge different with the common reading, the second child in the family, infant early
reading habits form extremely high interactivity, this activity is not only the communication
between parents and children and body contact, more performance communication and contact
between the child and the child. But at present, in the second part of the child in the family parents
are just too much will exchanges and communication between itself and the children, but ignored
the communication between children and children, and even just communicate for a child of the
family, the enthusiasm of the serious dismissed children habits, and for the cultivation of the
feelings between children with a certain negative impact.
3.4 Develop the Sociality of Infants
For parents in two-child families, parents should develop children's sociality. In the process of
cultivating children's early reading habits, infants and young children should not only develop and
train their imagination, thinking and language, but also improve their emotion and personality to
promote their outlook on life and values. Some scholars have pointed out that the development of
infants' reading habits is a comprehensive process of children's accumulation of experience in book
reading, writing and literacy. In the process of developing early reading habits, the reading of books
is only an understanding of simple characters' personalities, but it has real social life emotions [10].
Therefore, for parents of two-child families, parents need to cultivate children's sociality, so as to
ensure that children can have simple social conversations with the book during each reading and
enrich their own experience by following the illustrations in the book. Through the development of
infants and young children's social, and then promote children's cognition of the world, so as to
improve children's emotional cultivation.

4. Conclusion
According to the discussion in this paper, the growth of China's social economy makes the
Chinese people pay more and more attention to the early education of infants. In the process of
infants' cognition of the world, they can be promoted to have higher efficiency in the future by
developing good habits. Therefore, parents pay more and more attention to how to cultivate the
habits of infants, especially the reading habits of infants. However, in China's two-child families,
the early reading habits of infants and young children in the two-child family environment are
seriously affected by parents' too one-sided view of early reading, parents' weak understanding of
infants and young children's reading habits and incorrect parental guidance. Therefore, only by
correctly helping infants and young children to set up correct reading thoughts, adopting the method
of personal reading education, creating a good family reading environment, promoting the
development of infant language and developing the sociality of infants and young children, can the
cultivation of infants and young children's early reading habits be promoted. It is hoped that this
study can be concerned by contemporary scholars and conduct in-depth research on this basis, so as
to provide valuable references for parents to cultivate their children's early reading habits in China's
two-child family environment.

Acknowledgements
This paper is the research result of the Shandong family education research project "research on
early education of two-child family". The project number is SDY201878.
References
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Source: https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/emehss-19/125910264
TASK 2: FORMULATING QUESTIONS BASED ON KEY-POINTS HIGHLIGHTED

KEY-POINT 1: One of the most significant importance of instilling reading habits among infants is to
cultivate rich emotions and good character.

QUESTION 1: How would the lack of development of rich emotions and good character affects
children growing up?

KEY-POINT 2: Parents’ view on early reading can be too one-sided, which is a significant problem in
the cultivation of infants’ early reading habits in the two-child family environment in China.

QUESTION 2: In your opinion, which aspect(s) of this biased parental perception could possibly
hinder the development of early reading habits among infants and children?

KEY-POINT 3: Incorrect parental guidance is another serious problem in the early development of
reading habits among infants in two-child families.

QUESTION 3: In your opinion, do you agree that the same scenario is prevalent in our country? If so,
provide your opinion(s) on how local parents could revise their approach to ensure a healthy method in
instilling early reading habits.
 TASK 3: ANSWERS AND COMMENTARIES ON KEY-POINTS HIGHLIGHTED

QUESTION 1: How would the lack of development of rich emotions and good character affects
children growing up?

Growing up, children are known to be keen observers. Hence, it is crucial to properly develop
rich emotions and good characters among children which could be done via an early cultivation of
reading habits. If the aforementioned habit is not instilled earlier in their life, it may be a challenge for
parents to develop morality in their children when they grow older. This can be observed and
categorized into two stages; childhood and adolescence.

First, the effect of lacking development of rich emotions and good character can be seen well
into their childhood years. Due to their weak encouragement to fully develop their reading habit,
children would slowly fail to be exposed to moral values that can be found in stories and fables. This
would then affect their sociality as how they should interact with others; which could further
emotionally scar their childhood experience as they were unable to be socially accepted within their
environment.

Subsequently, this would continue to affect them into their adolescent years. By this time, one
should already have instilled within them a set of rational common sense which may come across as
difficult for those with improper development of rich emotions and good characters in their earlier
years. They would face difficulties in adapting in a mature environment apart from possibly having to
juggle emotional instability; both of which could potentially harm their mental health.

QUESTION 2: In your opinion, which aspect(s) of this biased parental perception could possibly
hinder the development of early reading habits among infants and children?

In my opinion, parents are being one-sided in cultivating early reading habits among infants
based on two aspects: 1) general misconception regarding the methodology to develop reading habits
among infants, and 2) disregarding their children’s capability beforehand; both of which could hinder
the development of early reading habits among infants and children.

First and foremost, there is an undeniably prominent misconception regarding parents’ approach
on cultivating early reading habits here in Malaysia. From their lens, local parents tend to focus on the
outcome rather than the process itself, which results into a rushed and non-conducive learning
environment for their children. For instance, local parents tend to pressure their children to perform
academically from a very early age in addition of getting disappointed if their children fail to meet their
absurd expectation.
 This brings us to the second aspect of parental bias which is how parents often disregard their
children’s capability beforehand. In their opinion, all children are born with the same skill sets, hence
causing a tendency for them to discredit the problems encountered by children with lower capability.
For example, parents would force their children to be on par with a societal standard which could
hinder interest development among children with lower capability in learning; which is unfair as the
children’s capability should be the only one dictating on what and how they should learn.

QUESTION 3: In your opinion, do you agree that the same scenario is prevalent in our country?
If so, provide your opinion(s) on how local parents could revise their approach to ensure a
healthy method in instilling early reading habits.

Yes, I agree with the aforementioned statement, mainly because the scenario is ever so
relevant across Asia and is definitely non-fictional in modern-day Malaysia; for it feeds into the
stereotypical narration of an over-achieving culture. This conservative approach, however, has
been proven to be unhealthy for infants’ mental development. This calls for a dire need of a
revised approach in instilling early reading habits. Local parents can resort to a few solutions
such as seeking for professional help and being more considerate in developing early reading
habits.

First, local parents should start to normalize seeking for professional help when it comes to
decision-making. Professionals such as child therapists should be consulted so that children
could be assessed properly. These therapy sessions would give local parents a proper
understanding vis-à-vis their children’s capability and potential. Child therapists can also, for
instant, curate a well-tailored step-by-step methodology that suits each respective child in order
to develop reading habits. Parents would then be able to properly cultivate this habit at home
under the guidance of these professional suggestion and advice.

Aside from that, local parents should start to practice consideration in cultivating reading
habits. They should be more forgiving in tolerating failures as it is a common thing in the early
years of a child. They should also consider their methodology from a child’s perspective that
typically would opt for a more fun and unrestricting way of learning. Parents should also
consider incorporating other activities that could boost an infant’s cognitive skill aside from
reading; this is to ensure that their early years are not monotonous while still making them
fruitful and beneficial for both children and parents. In the end, local parents should be aware
of the fact that they do not have the right to fully dictate their children’s life.
TASK 4: VISUALIZATION OF KEY-POINTS FROM THE TEXT

Cultivate rich
emotions and form
good moral character.

Importance of Early Develop a strong

Reading Habit psychological quality.

Promote their
enjoyment of mental
pleasure.
CULTIVATION OF
INFANTS' AND
YOUNG
CHILDREN'S Parents' view of early
EARLY READING reading habits is too
HABIT one-sided.

Incorrect parental
guidance.
Problems in Cultivating
Early Reading Habits
Parents lacking the
understanding of
graded reading
concept.

Parents tend to neglect

the development of
their children's
sociality.