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Self-Learning Kit
Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics
Quarter 2 - Week 1
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Senior High School
Self-Learning Kit
Quarter 2 – Week 1
First Edition, 2020
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Note to the Learner
This Self-Learning Kit is prepared for you to learn the specified competencies based on the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) for Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics,
Quarter 2, Week 1. It is designed in a simplified structure to help you easily understand the lesson for
the week. It contains the following parts:
I Have Includes an activity that aims to check what you already know
Known about this lesson
I Can Consists of activities that will help you view the previous
Connect lesson and prepare you to the new one
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Lesson Title State and Non-State Organization
Learning Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state institutions.
Competency
MELC Code
I Have Known
A. Directions: Match Column A from Column B. Review your answer by using the Answer
Key provided.
Column A Column B
1. State A. Groups and organizations which operate outside the support of
2. Non- State Institution any state or government.
3. Bank B.An organization, created by a group of people known as
4. Cooperative shareholders, which is legally recognized to act as a single person
5. Corporation in carrying out certain goals and objectives.
6. Trade Union C. Association of persons (organization) that is owned and controlled
7. Transnational by the people to meet their common economic, social, and/or
Organization cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and
8. International democratically controlled business (enterprise).
Organization D. Institutions established by three or more states as voluntary
members, formed through a formal agreement or treaty, in order to
promote cooperation and coordination among them.
E. Collection of actors (individuals or groups) characterized by their
fluid and open relations with each other, united by their
commitment to work on and defend certain issues and causes that
are relevant across several nations.
F. Association of workers in a particular trade, industry, or company
created for the purpose of securing improvements in pay, benefits,
working conditions, or social and political status through collective
bargaining.
G.Financial institution licensed to provide several financial services
to different types of customers.
H.An organized political entity with a territory.
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I Can Connect
Welcome to the new quarter. We discussed about the norms and values from the previous
lesson. We understood what conformity and deviance, allowing us to be aware of our actions
whether it is suitable or not, right or wrong, acceptable or not.
Have you wonder how is society being organized and how the various institutions’
functions interrelate yet create conflict? What are your roles in the society? What institutions (state
or non-state, formal or informal) present in your locality?
Buckle up because in this module, we will explore aspects of social organization. In this
lesson, you should be able to discern the forms and functions of state and non-state institutions. By
understanding the different forms and functions, you should be able to analyze the different aspects
of social organization.
As a member of the society, you should understand how the community is organized. It is
your right and obligation to explore how state and non-state institutions at the local level works, thus,
giving light to human security.
I Can Learn
STATE
A “state” is an organized political unit that has sovereignty over a territory and the people
within it. The country is a form of human association distinguished from other social groups by its
purpose, the establishment of order and security; its methods, the laws and their enforcement; its
territory, the area of jurisdiction or geographic boundaries; and its sovereignty. The state consists, of
the agreement of the individuals on the means whereby disputes are settled in the form of laws. In
such countries as the United States, Australia, Nigeria, Mexico, and Brazil, the term state (or a
cognate) also refers to political units, not sovereign themselves, but subject to the authority of the
more significant state or federal union.
While the terms country, state, sovereign state, nation, and nation-state are often used
interchangeably, there is a difference. Simply put:
A state is a territory with its own institutions and populations.
A sovereign state is a state with its own institutions and populations that has a permanent
population, territory, and government. It must also have the right and capacity to make treaties and
other agreements with other states.
A nation is a large group of people who inhabit a specific territory and are connected by
history, culture, or another commonality.
A nation-state is a cultural group (a nation) that is also a state (and may, in addition, be a
sovereign state).
With the four elements of a state, we can say that all nations are States, but not all States are Nations.
NON-STATE INSTITUTION
On the other hand, Non-state institutions are groups and organizations which operate
outside the support of any state or government. They are referred to be 'stateless' since they are
independent of any state, although, they usually collaborate with the government in implementing
projects.
A. BANKS
A bank is a financial institution licensed to provide several financial services to different
types of customers. Banks are in operation mainly for their deposit and lending function. There are
many roles of the bank but the most basic role it has is the
regulation of the flow of the society’s money.
B. CORPORATIONS
1. Craft Unions:
The membership of such unions is drawn from
among workers employed in a particular craft or trade or
allied crafts or trades or occupations irrespective of the
organisation or the industry they belong to. Such
employees are craft conscious and usually professionals or
non-manual employees. The Ahmedabad Weavers’
Union is an example that can be cited in this regard.
Figure 2https://image.slidesharecdn.com/industrialism-
2. Industrial Unions: 110629052133-phpapp01/95/industrialism-36-728.jpg?
cb=1309325046
In industrial unions, membership is open to all
types of workers engaged in any one industry or a group of industries or service, that is, on industry-
wise basis, for example, Rashtriya Mill Mazdoor Sangh, Mumbai.
3. Labour Unions:
In these unions, membership is open to
all workers irrespective of their occupation,
skill or industry, the philosophy being that all
workers have common status and a common
need for mutual help. Labour unions refer to
both craft and industrial unions.
Figure 3https://alu.org.ph/UserFiles/alunion/image/neb1.jpg
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4. General Unions:
General unions believe in the solidarity of the working class. Hence, their membership is
open to workers of different skills and trades engaged in different industries.
We come across such unions in banks, service sector, insurance companies, BPOs, software
organisations, Central and state government offices, and so on. Their members being educated and
matured are aware of the capacity to pay off their organisations and, therefore, are more reasonable
while they prepare their charter of demands.
7. Reformist Unions:
These unions may be either business unions or revolutionary unions.
i. Business Unions: They are also known as ‘bread and butter unions’ and aim at securing
economic interests of their members and follow the method of collective bargaining to
accomplish their objectives.
ii. Revolutionary Unions: Revolutionary unions are opposed to the capitalistic industry
and replace it by the socialistic systems through radical means such as strikes, boycott and
gheraos.
D. COOPERATIVES
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Figure 5
https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/36157
38939/22f838fa85614ca8863efaf4322116fe_
400x400.jpeg
Cooperatives can be created for a number of different reasons or to fulfill a number of
different needs: jointly process goods, split costs, split control over work, purchasing power
(bulk buys), shared employees, shared wages, etc.
Principles of a Cooperative
1) Voluntary and Open Membership: Cooperatives are voluntary organizations,
open to all persons able to use their services and willing to accept the responsibilities of
membership, without gender, social, racial, political or religious discrimination.
2) Democratic Member Control: Cooperatives are democratic organizations
controlled by their members, who actively participate in setting their policies and making
decisions.
3) Member Economic Participation: Members contribute equitably to, and
democratically control, the capital of their cooperative.
4) Autonomy and Independence: Cooperatives are autonomous, self-help
organizations controlled by their members.
5) Education, Training, and Information: Cooperatives provide education and
training for their members, elected representatives, managers, and employees so they can
contribute to the development of their cooperatives. They inform the general public about the
nature and benefits of cooperatives.
6) Cooperation among Cooperatives: Cooperatives serve their members most
effectively and strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local,
national, regional, and international structures.
7) Concern for Community: Cooperatives work for the sustainable development of
their communities through policies approved by their members.
Entity Options
6
Needs a Statement of Qualification
Partners are not liable for the LLP's (or other partner's) debts, obligations, or liabilities which
arise from contract, tort, or otherwise (including the involvement of negligence or misconduct
of the partner)
“S” Corporation & “C” Corporation
Need Articles of Incorporation
Members not personally liable for any debt, obligation, or liability (unless stated in Articles
of Incorporation)
Limited Liability Company (LLC)
Need Articles of Organization
Members not personally liable for any debt, obligation, or liability (unless stated in Articles
of Organization)
Cooperative
Need Articles of Incorporation
Member personal liability for loses depends on individual member equity
Limited Cooperative Association
Need Articles of Organization
No personal liability of members for debts and obligations, however if Limited Coop
Association suffers loses the investment and equity may be at risk.
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Sikkink termed this characteristic of a transnational advocacy group as the "boomerang
pattern of influence."
The boomerang pattern of influence happens when conflict about certain issues (e.g. human
rights), between the state and its members forces domestic advocacy groups to look for allies in the
international arena, in order to promote such issues and facilitate change regarding the government's
behavior towards that issue.
•Accountability politics happens as transnational advocacy groups convince state actors to change
Figure https://asnet-utokyo.jp/wp-
their position about certain issues and persuades them further to act upon their verbal support
content/uploads/2018/12/20181218_musawa_eng.jpg
about certain issues.
• The word international organization is an umbrella term used to refer to institutions established by
three or more states as voluntary members, formed through a formal agreement or treaty, in
order to promote cooperation and coordination among them. Members of an international
organization work together for the development and management of their common interests.
• The main feature and characteristic of an international organization which distinguishes it from
other non-state institutions, is that its membership is entirely composed of national states or
governments.
Figure 7: https://sites.miis.edu/drewzealand/files/2013/12/Screen-
shot-2013-12-11-at-9.37.54-PM.png
over the international organization in which they are a part of. This category of international
organization is what referred to as a supranational organization.
International organizations provide an avenue for different countries and states to connect.
• This connection among countries help form international laws, norms, and ideas, which in turn
strengthen the relationship among member states.
• These norms also serve as guides on how to regulate and manage these member states.
• Through the development of these norms, states are guided in their actions both locally and
internationally.
• Development agencies are groups or entities that are tasked and committed to pursue certain
developmental agendas of a state. They are an institution that provides help in support of a
state's economic growth and social progress.
• These groups may operate locally or internationally. They also vary in size, scale, and
function. Some may only concentrate their services on a specific region of a country, while
others may operate in many countries, providing services to several regions of different
states.
Normally, specific tasks of a development agency are dependent on the aspect of development it
focuses on. In a research commissioned by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD), the roles of development agencies may include:
• strategic roles, such as coordinating with local actors and international donors, monitoring the
local economy, and strategic planning for economic and local development;
• asset and investment roles, such as land and property management, funding and investing in
local development projects, income generation, and provision of grants or donations for other
organizations;
• innovation, enterprise, skills, and employment roles, which include workforce and skills
development, employment creation, and support of small and medium scale businesses;
• promotional roles, like foreign investment promotions and project management; and
• capacity building roles which include providing technical assistance to other local
development organizations and informing them of good practices and models.
Activity 1 Direction: Choose the most appropriate answer. Review your answers using the answer key
provided.
1. If corporations could be related to profits, where could transnational advocacy groups relate to?
A. changes in state policies C. advocacy
B. information D. ideas
2. Which of the following statements is true about functions of transnational advocacy groups?
A. The main function of a transnational advocacy group is the creation and development of
campaigns about certain issues.
B. Transnational advocacy groups use the power of information to influence policy makers.
A. A is false; B is true. C. A and B are both true.
B. A is true; B is false. D. A and B are both false.
3. What generally refers to a local or international organization that is committed to pursue specific
developmental agendas of a state?
A. development agency C. trade union
B. transnational advocacy group D. corporation
4. What is the importance of development agencies? Choose the best answer.
A. A development agency uses the power of information to influence state actors to change policies for
development.
B. The work of development agencies is not important at all.
C. They serve as a supplementary tool for furthering a state's projects for development.
D. Development agencies reduces the work of other government agencies.
5. What is the umbrella term used to refer to an institution formed by a formal agreement among three or more
state members, in order to facilitate cooperation and promote their common interests?
A. international organization C. category
B. cooperatives D. transnational advocacy groups
6. What is the main difference between supranational organization and intergovernmental organization?
A. Supranational organizations have power to enforce rules to its members while intergovernmental
organizations do not have that kind of power.
B. There is no significant difference between supranational and intergovernmental organizations.
C. A supranational organization only accept developed country states as its members as an
intergovernmental organization is more inclusive and accepting of developing countries.
D. Intergovernmental organizations have the power to control member states and enforce rules while
supranational organizations do not have this power.
7. Which of the following does not belong?
A. European Union C. International Labor Organization
B. World Health Organization D. United Nations
8. What do you call a financial institution that provides several services such as accepting deposits and issuing
loans to borrowing customers?
A. bank C. corporation
B. non-state institution D. business venture
9. What is the main function of a central bank?
A. It is the official bank of a country that regulates operation of all other banks.
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B. It provides services to businesses and businessmen.
C. A central bank attends to the financial needs of the general public.
D. Central banks have no importance at all.
10. What is the difference between a business corporation and a non-profit corporation?
A. A business corporation is mainly operating to generate profits while a non-profit corporation is
established to serve the public.
B. Business corporations have the purpose of serving the public while non-profit corporations pursue
income generation.
C. There is no difference between the non-profit and business corporations.
D. Business corporations and non-profit corporations differ in terms of the number of shareholders a
corporation can have.
11. What do you call a non-state institution that is characterized by its fluid and open relationships among
members who are united by their commitment to certain issues and causes?
A. transnational advocacy group C. activist
B. cooperative D. trade union
12. What term refers to institutions and organizations which operate outside the support of any state or
government?
A. bank C. non-state institution
B. social group D. corporation
13. Which among the following transnational issues does not belong?
A. animal rights C. children's rights
B. women's rights D. indigenous people's rights
14. A development agency is actively engaging in projects that involve providing assistance to other local
development organizations and teaching them of good practices in the field.
What specific role of development agencies is illustrated in the situation?
A. capacity building C. promotional
B. innovation, enterprise, skills, and employment D. asset and investment
15. Which category of international organization does not have a supreme and controlling power over its
members?
A. intergovernmental organization C. supranational organization
B. transnational advocacy group D. bank
Activity 2. List at least five (5) examples of state or non-state institutions found in your community
and its corresponding functions.
Example:
1. Bank
Landbank of the Philippines- a government financial institution also known as LBP. It
involves in borrowing and lending money. It provides accessible and best technology
solutions to deliver timely and responsive financial and support services to meet the needs of
our clients, especially Small Farmers and Fishers (SFFs), Micro, Small and Medium
Enterprises (MSMEs), Countryside Financial Institutions (CFIs), Local Government Units
(LGUs) and government agencies, while promoting sustainable development anchored on
good governance.
2. Private Corporations
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. Cooperatives
_________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________
4. Trade Unions
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
5. Non- Government Organizations
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
I Can Assess
I Can Do More
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Answer Key
I Have
I Can TryKnown
1. 1. A H
2. 2. A A
3. 3. A G
4. 4. C B
5. 5. A F
6. 6. A C
7. 7. A E
8. A
8. D
9. A
10. A
11. A
12. C
13. A
14. A
15. A
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References
https://link.quipper.com/en
https://aric.adb.org/philippines/institutions
https://www.wur.nl/upload_mm/f/d/e/711d4628-7b49-4c49-9490-
0d1dd7ca67f8_Occasional%20Paper%2006%20Oxfam%20Novib%20state%20and
%20non-state%20institutions.pdf
https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/state-institution
https://lawphil.net/administ/deped/deped.html
https://www.britannica.com/topic/trade-union
https://www.businessmanagementideas.com/trade-unions/types-of-trade/20341
https://ncdc.unl.edu/what-cooperative
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
DepEd – Danao City Division –Curriculum Implementation Division
Sitio Upland, National Road, Poblacion, Danao City, Cebu
Email Address: danao.city@deped.gov.ph
Website: depeddanaocity.com
Telephone No.: (032) 262-6211
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Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION VII
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF DANAO CITY
Learning Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state institutions.
Competency/ies
Learning
Tasks/Learning
Resources
A. Teacher’s Tasks:
1. Perform daily routine
Prayer
Greetings
Attendance Check
2. Administer pre-test
Let the leaners answer “I Have Known”, (SLK pp.1)
3. Conduct review
Ask learners their knowledge from the previous discussion.
4. Deliver the new lesson
Discuss the new lesson by following the activities found in “I Can Learn”, (SLK
pp.2-11)
5. Check learner’s understanding
Let the leaners do activities in “I Can Try”, (SLK pp.12-14)
6. Validate learning
Let the leaners answer “I Can Assess”, (SLK pp.14)
7. Provide enrichment activity
Let the leaners perform activities in “I Can Do More”, (SLK pp.15)
B. Learner’s Tasks:
1. Answer “I Have Known”, (SLK pp.1)
2. Read and review concepts in “I Can Connect”, (SLK pp.1)
3. Read and understand the new lesson presented in “I Can Learn”, (SLK pp.2-11)
4. Do activities in “I Can Try”, (SLK pp.12-14).
5. Answer “I Can Assess”, (SLK pp.14). Answers may vary.
6. Perform activities in “I Can Do More”, (SLK pp.15). Answers may vary.
Prepared by:
_________________
Writer
Contact No: 0933-1855602
Email Account: Mailita.bendijo@deped.gov.ph
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