An enzyme is immobilized by copolymerization technique.

The diameter of the spherical particle

is 2 mm and the number density of the particles in a substrate solution is 10,000/L. Initial
concentration of substrate is 0,1 mole/L. A substrate catalyzed by the enzyme can be adequately
represented by the first-order reaction with k 0=0.002 mol/Ls. It has been found that both
external and internal mass-transfer resistance are significant for this immobilized enzyme. The
mass-transfer coefficient at the stagnant film around particle is about 0.02 cm/s and the
diffusivity of the substrate in the particle is 5 ×10−6 cm . s .
a. If the internal mass transfer resistance is negligible, what is the concentration of the
substrate at the surface of the particle? What is the effectiveness factor for this immobilized
enzyme?
b. If the internal mass transfer resistance can be described as the distributed model and the
external mass transfer resistance is not negligible, what is the concentration of the substrate
at the surface of the particle? What is the overall effectiveness factor considering both
internal and external mass-transfer resistance?

Penyelesaian

Diketahui : D=2mm=2 ×10−2 dm

ρ=10.000 kg/ L
mol
C sb =0,1
L
mol
k 0=0,002
Ls
cm dm
k s=0,02 =0,002
s s
D s =5 ×10−6 cm . s=5 ×10−7 dm . s
a. Jika internal mass transfer resistance diabaikan, maka hanya terjadi external mass transfer.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan hubungan antara konsentrasi pada bulk liquid dengan
permukaan enzim.
r P=k s a ( C sb −C s )=k 0 C S
dimana a merupakan total luas permukaan dibagi unit volume reaktor.
 Asumsi volume reaktor 1 L ( V =1 L ), maka
2 dm 2
π (1mm)
Area π R2 (102)2 mm2
a= = = =0,000314
Unit Volume V 1L
Sehingga didapatkan
( 0,02 ) ( 0,000314 ) ( 0,1−C s ) =0,002 C S
−4 mol
Dengan menyelesaikan persamaan tersebut, diperoleh nilai C s=3,13 ×10
L

Selanjutnya, effectiveness factor dapat ditentukan dengan persamaan berikut

actual reactionrate k 0 C S 0,002×3,13 ×10−4 −3
η= = = =3,13 ×10 =0,313 %
rate if not slowed by diffusion k 0 C S b 0,002× 0,1

b. Untuk internal mass transfer pada kinetika first order, kita dapat gunakan persamaan (3.30)
berikut
sinh 3 ϕ ṙ
xS =
ṙ sinh 3 ϕ
dapat dijabarkan sebagai berikut
R k r
Cs
=
C sb r
sinh 3

R
3 √ DS R
k
R
sinh 3
3 √ DS
saat r =1mm=10−2 dm, maka
R 0,002 0,01
Cs
0,1
=
R
sinh 3
√
3 5 × 10−7 R
R 0,002
0,01
sinh 3
3 5 ×10−7 √
R 0,002 0,01
C s=0,1 ×
R
sinh 3
3 5 ×10−7 R
R 0,002
√
0,01
sinh 3
3 5 ×10−7 √
Untuk mengetahui konsentrasi substrat pada permukaan partikel dibutuhkan nilai jari-jari
boundary liquid. Hal yang sama (jari-jari boundary liquid) juga dibutuhkan untuk
perhitungan untuk mengetahui effectiveness factor
3 ϕcoth 3 ϕ−1
η=
3 ϕ2
dengan
R k
ϕ=
3 √ DS
Karena nilai jari-jari boundary liquid ( R ) tidak diketahui maka effectiveness factor dan
konsentrasi substrat pada permukaan partikel tidak dapat ditentukan