TOEFL Preparation

Sunu Farid Lathif, MA

TOEFL & IELTS Certified Trainer
CEO Royal English Group, Malang
MA in ELT, King’s College, University of London

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Conditional Sentence

Adalah kalimat pengandaian yang ditandai

dengan kata sambung “IF”.

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Pola
Present Past

•Type 1 Shall
Will
Should
Would

If V1 + will V1 May
Must
Can
Might
Had to
Could

•Type 2
If V2 + would V1
•Type 3
If had V3 + would have V3
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Type 1

If V1 + Will V1

• If I have money, I will buy a car.

• If you are here, I will be happy

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Type 2

If V2 + Would V1

• If I had money, I would buy a car.

• If I were you, I would accept the offer.

Semua subject menggunakan to be “were” meskipun tuggal utk type

2.

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Type 3

If had V3 + Would have V3

• If I had visited you, I would have met Tom.

• If I had been there, I would have been happy.

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Contoh soal analisis

1. I _____ if I were a bird.

a. will fly c. would have flown
b. would fly d. have flown
2. He ____ if I had not reminded him
a. may forget c. may forgot
b. Should forget d. might have forgotten
3. If Ati had not helped me, I ____ it so quickly.
a. Could never do c. could never have done
b. Have never done d. can never done

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Summary

1. Setiap type memiliki pasangan tetap

2. Semua modal bisa digunakan sesuai dengan
present/past.

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THANK YOU
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TOEFL Preparation
Sunu Farid Lathif, MA
TOEFL & IELTS Certified Trainer
CEO Royal English Group, Malang
MA in ELT, King’s College, University of London

081 555 9010 40

Inverted word order

Pembalikan susunan Subject-Verb menjadi Verb-Subject.

Terjadi pada 5 kondisi:
1. Kalimat tanya
2. Keterangan lokasi
3. Comparison
4. Negatives
5. Conditional

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Kalimat tanya

Kalimat biasa Kalimat tanya

My name is Tom. What is your name?
I will go to Surabaya Will you go to Surabaya
tomorrow. tomorrow?
I am a student. Are you a student?

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 Keterangan lokasi

Here is the book.

There are some books.

My brother is in the kitchen.

In the kitchen is my brother.

Contoh:
On the second level of building ____
a. is empty b. are empty c. some students are d. are some students

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 Comparison

Kalimat Verbal Kalimat nominal

Tom studies more diligently than Tim Tom is smarter than Tim

Tom studies more diligently than Tim does Tom is smarter than Tim is

Tom studies more diligently than does Tim Tom is smarter than is Tim

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 Negatives
Kalimat Biasa Kalimat Negatives

Tom will never go to school alone. Never will Tom go to school alone.

Tom rarely eats Pizza. Rarely does Tom eat Pizza.

Tom was seldom so happy. Seldom was Tom so happy.

NEGATIVES

No Not Never Neither Nor Seldom

Barely Hardly Only Rarely Scarcely

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Conditional Sentence

1. If I were you, I would accept the offer.

Were I you, I would accept the offer.

2. If you had been here, you would have met her.

Had you been here, you would have met her.

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Contoh soal analisis

1. Rarely _____ located near city lights.

a. observatories are c. in the observatories
b. are d. are observatories
2. There are reasons why _____ around the world.
a. diets differ c. are diets different
b. do diets differ d. to differ a diet

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Summary

1. Kalimat harus berpola SV, jika dalam kondisi 5 tersebut

diatas, maka menjadi VS
2. Jika Verb terdiri dari lebih satu kata, maka cukup kata
pertama saja yang menjadi VS.
Misal: I will never forgive you.
Never will I forgive you.

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THANK YOU
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