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30 Communication System: Solutions
30 Communication System: Solutions
Communication System
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
2. A device which provides output in electrical form or it has input in electrical form is called a
(1) Transmitter (2) Receiver (3) Repeater (4) Transducer
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
4. The disturbance or distortion in the transmission and processing of message signals is called
(1) Noise (2) Attenuation (3) Interference (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
5. A repeater is a combination of
(1) Receiver (2) Amplifier (3) Transmitter (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
A repeater receives signals from a place and further transmits it. It needs the help of all three components.
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234 Communication System Solution of Assignment
9. Modulation is necessary
(1) To select suitable size of antenna
(2) To increase effective power radiated by antenna
(3) To avoid mixing up of signals from different transmitters
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
10. A device that connects one computer to another across ordinary telephone lines is called
(1) Transducer (2) Fax (3) Modem (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Modem.
11. Three waves A, B and C of frequencies 1600 kHz, 5 MHz and 60 MHz, respectively are to be transmitted from
one place to another. Which of the following is the most appropriate mode of communication?
(1) A is transmitted via space wave while B and C are transmitted via sky wave
(2) A is transmitted via ground wave, B via sky wave and C via space wave
(3) B and C are transmitted via ground wave while A is transmitted via sky wave
(4) B is transmitted via ground wave while A and C are transmitted via space wave
Sol. Answer (2)
12. A speech signal of 3 kHz used to modulate a carrier signal of frequency 1 MHz, using amplitude modulation.
The frequencies of the side bands will be
(1) 1.003 MHz and 0.997 MHz (2) 3001 kHz and 2997 kHz
(3) 1003 kHz and 1000 kHz (4) 1 MHz and 0.997 MHz
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 235
Sol. Answer (1)
Side band frequency = Wc + Wm and Wc – Wm
c
v= = 7.5 × 107 m/s
µ
14. An ‘antenna’ is
(1) Inductive (2) Capacitative
(3) Resistive above its resonance frequency (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
15. A message signal of frequency m is superposed on a carrier wave of frequency c to get an amplitude
modulated wave (AM). The frequency of the AM wave will be
c m c m
(1) m (2) c (3) (4)
2 2
16. A male voice after modulation-transmission sounds like that of a female to the receiver. The problem is due
to
(1) Poor selection of modulation index (selected 0 < m < 1)
(2) Poor bandwidth selection of amplifiers
(3) Poor selection of carrier frequency
(4) Loss of energy in transmission
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact/Theory.
Fact.
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236 Communication System Solution of Assignment
Fact.
Fact.
Fact.
Fact.
23. The sound waves after being converted into electrical waves are not transmitted as such because
(1) They travel with the speed of sound
(2) The frequency is not constant
(3) They are highly absorbed by the atmosphere
(4) The height of antenna has to be increased several times
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
24. The process of superimposing signal frequency (i.e., audio wave) on the carrier wave is known as
(1) Transmission (2) Reception (3) Modulation (4) Detection
Sol. Answer (3)
By definition/Fact.
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 237
25. In an amplitude modulated wave for audio -frequency of 500 cycles/second, the appropriate carrier frequency
will be
(1) 50 cycles/s (2) 100 cycles/s (3) 500 cycles/s (4) 50,000 cycles/s
Sol. Answer (4)
Frequency of carrier wave must be more than modulating wave. Hence answer is (4).
26. If there were no atmosphere, the average temperature on the surface of earth would be
(1) Lower (2) Higher (3) Same as now (4) 0°C
Sol. Answer (1)
27. The T.V. transmission tower in Delhi has a height of 240 m. The distance up to which the broadcast can be
received, (taking the radius of earth to be 6.4 106 m) is
(1) 100 km (2) 60 km (3) 55 km (4) 50 km
Sol. Answer (3)
Height of TV tower h = 240 m
Fact.
(2) Prevent infrared rays reflected from earth from escaping earth’s atmosphere
Fact.
30. An audio signal of 0.1 V is used in amplitude modulation of a career wave of amplitude 0.3. The modulation
index is
1
(1) 3 (2) (3) 0.03 (4) None of these
3
Sol. Answer (2)
Am 0.1
µ= or µ =
Ac 0.3
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238 Communication System Solution of Assignment
fc fm fc fm
(3) (4)
2 2
Fact/By definition.
32. The radio waves of frequency ranging from 2 MHz to 30 MHz are called
(1) Sky waves (2) Ground waves (3) Space waves (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
Fact.
By definition/Fact.
Fact.
36. The process of changing some characteristic of a carrier wave in accordance with the signal to be transmitted
is called
(1) Amplification (2) Rectification (3) Modulation (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (3)
By definition/Fact.
Fact.
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 239
38. “Need for modulation” arises due to which of the following reasons?
2
⎛ 1⎞
(1) Power radiated by an antenna ⎜ ⎟ (2) It allows multiple user-friendly communication
⎝ ⎠
⎛ ⎞
(3) Height of antenna required ⎜ ⎟ (4) All of these
⎝ 4⎠
39. A ground receiver station is receiving a signal at 500 MHz transmitted from a ground transmitter at a height
of 300 m located at a distance of 500 km. It is coming via
(1) Ground wave (2) Space wave (3) Sky wave (4) Satellite communication
Sol. Answer (4)
40. The area of the region covered by the T.V., broadcast by a T.V. tower of height 100 m is
(in m2)
(1) 8.4 108 m2 (2) 1.28 109 m2 (3) 1.92 108 m2 (4) 8.4 109 m2
Sol. Answer (2)
A = 2Rh
41. An information signal of 150 MHz is to be sent across a distance of 40 km. Which mode of communication
is suitable?
(1) Ground wave propagation (2) Space wave propagation
(3) Sky wave propagation (4) Satellite communication
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact.
Fact.
By definition/Fact.
44. If a carrier of 1000 kHz is used to carry the signal, the length of transmitting antenna will be equal to
(1) 3 m (2) 30 m (3) 75 m (4) 3000 mn
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240 Communication System Solution of Assignment
C
Wavelength = = 300 m
106
λ 300
Size of antenna = = = 75 m
4 4
By definition.
46. The communication satellite are parked at a height of (from surface of earth)
(1) 36 km (2) 360 km (3) 3600 km (4) 36000 km
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
Fact.
Fact.
49. A photodetector is made from a compound semiconductor with band gap 0.73 eV. The maximum wavelength
it can detect is
(1) 12400 Å (2) 17030 Å (3) 6200 Å (4) 1703 Å
Sol. Answer (2)
hC
= 0.73 × 1.6 × 10−19
λ
Solve for
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 241
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. A demodulator circuit contains
(1) A diode (2) A transistor (3) A solar cell (4) Logic gate
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
2. An AM broadcasting station has a vertical telescopic transmitting antenna and a receiver has a vertical telescopic
antenna. The receiver will respond to
(1) Electric component of the electromagnetic wave produced by antenna
(2) Magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave produced by antenna
(3) Both electric and magnetic components of electromagnetic wave produced by antenna
(4) 50% of both components of electromagnetic wave produced by antenna
Sol. Answer (1)
3. The intensity of a light pulse travelling along an optical fibre decreases exponentially with distance according
to the relation I = I0e–0.0693x where x is in km and I0 is intensity of incident pulse. The intensity of pulse reduces
1
to after travelling a distance
4
(1) 1 km (2) 10 km (3) 20 km (4) 40 km
Sol. Answer (3)
I = I0e–0.0693x
I0
= I0 e −0.0693 x
4
1
= e −0.0693 x
4
⎛ 1⎞
loge ⎜ ⎟ 0.0632 x
⎝4⎠
4. An audio signal of amplitude one half the carrier amplitude is used in an amplitude modulation. The modulation
index is
(1) 2 (2) 0.25 (3) 0.50 (4) 0.125
Sol. Answer (3)
Am
µ= = 0.5
Ac
5. Numerical aperture of an optical fibre (w.r.t. air) having core and cladding refractive indices n1 and n2 respectively
is
(1) n12 n22 (2) sin 1 n12 n22 (3) cos 1 n12 n22 (4) tan 1 n12 n22
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242 Communication System Solution of Assignment
7. On a particular day, the maximum frequency reflected from the ionosphere is 10 MHz. The maximum electron
density in ionosphere is
(1) 106/m2 (2) 1012/m3 (3) 1.23 × 1012/m3 (4) 1/9 × 106/m3
Sol. Answer (3)
fc = 9 (N
max)
2
⎛ 1⎞
(1) Power radiated by an antenna ⎜ ⎟ (2) It allows multiple user-friendly communication
⎝⎠
⎛⎞
(3) Height of antenna required ⎜ ⎟ (4) All of these
⎝4⎠
9. The area of the region covered by the T.V., broadcast by a T.V. tower of height 100 m is (in m2)
(1) 8.4 × 108 (2) 1.28 × 109 (3) 1.92 × 108 (4) 8.4 × 109
Sol. Answer (2)
A = 2RH where h = 100 m; R = 6.4 × 106
10. An optical fibre having core of refractive index 3 and cladding of refractive index 1.5 is kept in air. The
maximum angle of acceptance is
(1) 60° (2) 45° (3) 30° (4) 15°
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 243
Sol. Answer (1)
1
sin θc = ....(i)
1.5
sin i
µ=
sin r
sin i
3= ....(ii)
sin r
π
r + θc = ....(iii)
2
Solve for i
12. A photodetector is made of a compound semiconductor with the band gap of 0.73eV. The maximum wavelength
it can detect is
(1) 12400 Å (2) 17030 Å (3) 6200 Å (4) 1703 Å
Sol. Answer (2)
λC
= 1.6 × 10 −19 × 0.73
λmax
14. If a carrier wave of 1000 kHz is used to carry the signal, the length of transmitting antenna will be equal to
(1) 3 m (2) 30 m (3) 75 m (4) 3000 m
Sol. Answer (3)
c c
λ= = = 300 m
f 106
λ
Length of antenna =
4
15. A ground receiver station is receiving a signal at 100 MHz transmitted from a ground transmitter at a height
of 300 m located at a distance of 1000 km. It is coming via
(1) Ground wave (2) Space wave (3) Sky wave (4) Satellite communication
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
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244 Communication System Solution of Assignment
16. In an AM wave for audio frequency of 3400 cycle/s, the appropriate carrier frequency will be
(1) 1000 Hz (2) 34000 MHz (3) 60000 Hz (4) 800,000 Hz
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
19. If 1 and 2 are the refractive indices of the material of core and cladding respectively of an optical fiber, then
(1) 1 > 2 (2) 1 < 2 (3) 1 = 2 (4) 1 2
Sol. Answer (1)
Refractive index of core is always greater than cladding in an optical fibre.
20. A transmitting antenna at the top of tower has a height 32 m and height of receiving antenna is 50 m. Minimum
distance between them for satisfactory LOS mode of communication is
(1) 40 km (2) 45 km (3) 60 km (4) 100 km
Sol. Answer (2)
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. The radiowaves of frequency 300 MHz to 3000 MHz belong to
(1) High frequency band (2) Very high frequency band
(3) Ultra high frequency band (4) Super high frequency band
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 245
2. Range of frequencies alotted for commerical FM radio broad cast is
(1) 88 to 108 MHz (2) 88 to 108 kHz (3) 8 to 88 MHz (4) 88 to 108 GHz
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
c 3 × 108
λ= = = 10 m
f 3 × 107
λ
Length of half wave antenna = =5m
2
4. In a single reflection from the ionosphere, the sky waves cover a distance on ground not more than
(1) 400 m (2) 4000 m (3) 400 km (4) 4000 km
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
7. For sky wave propagation of a 10 MHz signal, what should be the minimum electron density in ionosphere?
(1) 1.2 × 108 m–3 (2) 1.2 × 1012 m–3 (3) 1.2 × 1014 m–3 (4) 1.2 × 1016 m–3
Sol. Answer (2)
fc 9 Nmax
8. The TV tower has a height of 100 m. What is the maximum distance upto which the T.V. transmission can
be received ?
(1) 34.77 km (2) 32.70 km (3) 35.2 km (4) 40.70 km
Sol. Answer (3)
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246 Communication System Solution of Assignment
9. If both the length of the antenna and the wavelength of the signal to the transmitted are doubled, the power
radiated by the antenna
(1) Remains constant (2) Is doubled (3) Is halved (4) Increases 16 times
Sol. Answer (1)
2
⎛L⎞
∵ P ⎜ ⎟
⎝⎠
10. Arrange the following communication frequency bands in the increasing order of frequencies
a. AM broadcast b. Cellular mobile radio c. FM broadcast d. Television UHF
e. Satellite communication
(1) a, b, c, d, e (2) a, c, b, d, e (3) e, b, d, c, a (4) a, c, d, b, e
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
12. The waves used by artificial satellites for communication purposes are
(1) Microwaves (2) AM radiowaves (3) X-rays (4) FM radiowaves
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
13. In communication with help of antenna, if height is doubled, then the range covered which was initially ‘r’ would
become
Range(r) = 2Rh
r2 = 2R 2h
r2 = 2r
14. Which range of frequencies can be transmitted suitably by sky wave propagation?
(1) 5 kHz to 500 kHz (2) 1 MHz to 2 MHz (3) 2 MHz to 20 MHz (4) Above 50 MHz
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
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Solution of Assignment Communication System 247
15. In an optical fibre, the light signal is transmitted by
(1) Refraction at the core-cladding interface
(2) Interference between the incident and inflected waves
(3) Repeated total internal reflections at the core and cladding interface
(4) Polarisation of optical signals
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
16. Fraction of total power carried by the side bands (PS/PT) is given by
2 m2 2m m2
(1) m2 (2) (3) (4)
m2 m 2 m2
18. Electromagnetic waves with frequencies greater than the critical frequency of ionosphere cannot be used for
communication using sky wave propagation because
(1) The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very high for f > fc
(2) The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very low for f > fc
(3) The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very high for f < fc
(4) The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very low for f < fc
Sol. Answer (1)
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : Modulator is an essential component of a transmitter.
R : Modulator superimposes a low frequency message signal on a high frequency carrier wave.
Sol. Answer (2)
2. A : Short wave bands are used for transmission of radio waves to a large distance.
R : Short waves are reflected by ionosphere.
Sol. Answer (1)
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248 Communication System Solution of Assignment
3. A : If the amplitude of a message signal is half of the amplitude of the carrier wave, then the index of
modulation is 50%.
R : In amplitude modulation the amplitude of the carrier wave varies in accordance with the signal voltage of
the message signal.
Sol. Answer (2)
Am
µ=
Ac . Hence assertion is true.
4. A : The bandwidth of a modulated signal is 2fm in amplitude modulation, where fm is the frequency of the
modulating signal.
R : In case of amplitude modulation the frequency of a modulated signal is equal to the frequency of the carrier
wave.
Sol. Answer (2)
9. A : Remote sensing satellites can send continuous pictures of the earth even when clouds are present or it
is dark night.
R : These satellites use infrared as well as microwaves apart from visible light photography.
Sol. Answer (1)
10. A : Optical communication system is more economical than other systems of communications.
R : The information carrying capacity of a communication system is directly proportional to its band width.
Sol. Answer (1)
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