Organizational Leadership

ORGLEAD

Ms. Shiela Mae M. Sabalburo

Evolution of
Leadership Theory
Personality Era

• Leaders are born, not made

• Leaders are heroic
• Leaders are normally men

Personality Periods
1. Great Man Period
2. Trait Period
Are leaders born
or made?
Are Leaders Born or Made?

Minnesota Twin Studies sought to

identify the genetic and environmental
influences on the development
of psychological traits

Guess the proportion of leadership skills that is innate?

0% 15% 30% 45% 50% 65% 75% 85% 100%

Results of the study reported that genetic factors explained about 30% of
individual difference in whether people hold leadership positions in the workplace.
Influence Era

• Recognized that leadership is a relationship between individuals and

not a characteristics of the solidary leader

• Addressed aspects of power and influence

Influence Periods
1. Power Relations Period
2. Persuasion Period
Behaviour Era

• Emphasized on what leaders do

• Leadership was defined as a subset of human behavior
• Focused on typical behavior patterns of leaders and analyzed differences in
behaviors between poor and effective leaders

Behavior Periods
1. Early Behavior Period
2. Late Behavior Period
3. Operant Period
Situation Era

• Acknowledge the importance of factors beyond the leader and the

subordinate (e.g., type of task, social status of the leader and
subordinate, relative position of power of the leader and subordinate,
and the nature of the external environment)

Situation Periods
1. Environment Period
2. Social Status Period
3. Sociotechnical Period
Contingency Era

• Effective leadership was dependent on one or more factors of

behavior, personality, influence, and the situation

Noteworthy Theories
1. Contingency Theory
2. Path-Goal Theory
3. Normative Theory
Transactional Era

• Leadership resided not only in the person or the situation, but rather
more in role differentiation and social interaction

Transaction Periods
1. Exchange Period
2. Role Development Period
Anti-Leadership Era

• Despite the many variables in the leadership equation had been

explained, they appeared to explain nothing at all
• No articulable concept called leadership

Anti-Leadership Periods
1. Ambiguity Period
2. Substitute Period
Culture Era

• Leadership is omnipresent in the culture of the entire organization

• Focused on increasing the quality of work
• If leaders can create a strong culture in an organization, employees
will lead themselves, which creates the next generation of leaders
Transformational Era

• Based on intrinsic motivation

• Leaders must be proactive, radical, innovative, creative and more
open to ideas
• Leadership exercises influence to produce enthusiastic commitment
by subordinates

Transformational Periods
1. Charisma Period
2. Self-Fulfilling Prophecy Period
New Directions Era

1. Contextual Leadership

2. Ethics and Moral Development

3. Biology and Neuroscience

Integrative Era

System Leadership Theory

• Recognizes that collaboration is essential to solve wicked problems
• Leaders relinquished their personal ego and organizational control
and trust their colleagues and organizational systems, which allows
them to self-organize for the good of the whole
• Emphasis on authenticity, collaboration, and distributed autonomy
 Weekly Reflection Journal 01

Reflect on Effective Leadership

What makes an effective leader? Cite and explain three important
factors that contribute to becoming an effective leader?

• Submit a written (~300 words) or a video (~1 minute) reflection journal entry
• Upload it in the Dropbox under Module 1: Reflection Journal. Format the file
01_Surname, First Name_Reflection Journal_ORGLEAD Section
• Deadline: on or before 25 January 2021, Monday / 9 PM
Copyright © 2020 de La Salle-College of Saint Benilde. All right reserved.
QUESTIONS?
 Learning to Lead
Before leading a nation
Learn to lead a group
Before leading a group
Learn to lead a person
Before leading a person
Learn to lead yourself
Before leading yourself
Learn what makes you tick
 Thank You!

Ms. Shiela Mae M. Sabalburo