MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM

Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams

Sign Convention

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
P
A B
a
L
Reactions ⎛a⎞
∑ A y
M = B ( L ) − P (a ) = 0 ⇒ B y = ⎜ ⎟P
P ⎝ L⎠
A B ⎛ a⎞
Ax a ∑ y y y
F = A + B − P = 0 ⇒ A y = ⎜1 − ⎟ P
⎝ L⎠
L
Ay By ∑ Fx = Ax = 0
Mx ⎛ a⎞
For 0 ≤ x ≤ a A
x
∑F y = Ay − Vx = 0 ⇒ Vx = Ay = ⎜1 − ⎟ P
⎝ L⎠
Vx ⎛ a⎞
Ay ∑M = −A y ⋅ x + M x = 0 ⇒ M x = Ay ⋅ x = ⎜1 − ⎟ Px
⎝ L⎠
P
Mx ⎛a⎞
For a ≤ x ≤ L A a ∑F y = Ay − P − Vx = 0 ⇒ Vx = −⎜ ⎟ P
⎝ L⎠
x Vx ⎛ x⎞
Ay ∑ M = −A y ⋅ x + P( x − a) + M x = 0 ⇒ M x = ⎜1 − ⎟ Pa
⎝ L⎠

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
For 0 ≤ x ≤ a For a ≤ x ≤ L

⎛ a⎞ ⎛a⎞
∑ FV = Ay − Vx = 0 ⇒ Vx = Ay = ⎜⎝1 − L ⎟⎠ P ∑ V y
F = A − P − V x = 0 ⇒ V x = − ⎜ ⎟P
⎝ L⎠
⎛ a⎞ ⎛ x⎞
∑M = −A y ⋅ x + M x = 0 ⇒ M x = Ay ⋅ x = ⎜1 − ⎟ Px
⎝ L⎠
∑M = −A y ⋅ x − Pa + M x = 0 ⇒ M x = ⎜1 − ⎟ Pa
⎝ L⎠

P RB
A B
a
⎛ a⎞
L
⎜1 − ⎟ P
⎝ L⎠ ⎛a⎞
− ⎜ ⎟P
⎝ L⎠
⎛ a⎞ ⎛ a⎞ ⎛ x⎞
M max = ⎜1 − ⎟ Pa ⎜1 − ⎟ Px ⎜1 − ⎟ Pa
⎝ L⎠ ⎝ L⎠ ⎝ L⎠

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
q
A B
L

Reactions
∑ M A = By (L) − q(L)(L 2) = 0 ⇒ By =
qL
q 2
A B qL
Ax L ∑ Fy = Ay + By − qL = 0 ⇒ Ay = 2
Ay By ∑F x = Ax = 0

⎛L ⎞
A
Mx ∑ y y
F = A − qx − V x = 0 ⇒ V x = q ⎜ − x⎟
⎝2 ⎠
x Vx
qx 2
Ay ∑ M = − Ay ⋅ x + + M x = 0 ⇒ M x =
qx
(L − x )
2 2

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Example
Reactions
∑M about A = RB (24 ) − P (9 ) − q(30)(30 2 ) = 0
⇒ RB = 9 k; RA = 11 k

Free-body diagram #1

∑ F = 11 − 0.2(15) − 14 − V = 0 ⇒ V = −6 k
V

∑ M = −V (15) − 14(9) − 0.2(15)(15 2) + M = 0

x

⇒ M = 58.5 ft - k 15 ft

Free-body diagram #2
∑ F = V + 9 − 0.2(30 − 15) = 0 ⇒ V = −6 k
V
9 ft
∑ M = − M + 9(9) − 0.2(15)(15 2) = 0 ⇒ M = 58.5 ft - k 15 ft
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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
Relations among w, V, and M
w( x )

A B
∑F y = V + wdx − (V + dV ) = 0
x dx
L or dV = wdx

dV
=w
dx
x2 V2
∫x1
wdx = ∫ dV = V2 − V1
V1
x2
V2 = ∫ wdx + V1
x1

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
Relations among w, V, and M
w( x ) w(dx )
2

∑ M O = − M − Vdx − 2
+ (M + dM ) = 0
A B
x dx
w(dx )
L 2
or dM = Vdx +
2
dM
=V
dx
x2 M2
∫x1
Vdx = ∫
M1
dM = M 2 − M 1
x2
M 2 = ∫ Vdx + M 1
x1

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear-Force and Bending Moment Diagrams

dV dM
w= V=
dx dx

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear-Force and Bending Moment Diagrams
One Several
Concentrated Concentrated
Load Loads

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear-Force and Bending Moment Diagrams
Uniform Uniform
load over load over
the entire part of the
span span.

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear-Force and Bending Moment Diagrams
Cantilever Cantilever
beam with beam with
two a uniform
concentrated load.
loads.

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear-Force and Bending Moment Diagrams
Beam with an overhang and
a concentrated moment

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams

RA RB

∑M B = − RA (10 ) + 2000(13) ∑ F = −2000 + 6000 − 1000(x − 2) − V = 0

y

+ 1000(6)(5) + 2000(2 ) = 0 ∑ M = 2000(3 + x ) − 6000 x

a −a

+ 1000
( x − 2)
2
+M =0
RA = 6000 lb 2
V = −1000 x + 6000 lb
M = −500 x 2 + 6000 x − 8000 ft - lb

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 MEM202 Engineering Mechanics - Statics MEM
Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
q q
A B A B
L L
qL qL
Mx 2 2
A qL
x Vx w = − q V0 = M0 = 0
qL 2
2
⎛L ⎞
wdx = ∫ (− q )dx = − qx = Vx − V0
x x
∫
0 0
Vx = q ⎜ − x ⎟
⎝2 ⎠

⎛L ⎞ ⎛ Lx x 2 ⎞ qx
(L − x )
x x
∫
0
Vdx = ∫
0
q⎜ − x ⎟dx = q⎜⎜
⎝2 ⎠ ⎝ 2
− ⎟⎟ = M x − M 0
2⎠
Mx =
2

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