SOCIAL

INSTITUTIONS
THEORETIC FOUNDATIONS OF
CULTURE, SOCIETY AND
POLITICS

By: Jhanlei S. Landicho

“CULTURE”
A person who is refined in manners and speech
is said to be a cultured individual.

A descendant of a line of ladies and gentlemen

or of nobility who has wealth and do not need to
work is cultured.

One who observes the rules of etiquette is

cultured.

Knowledge about wide range of subject is

designated as cultured.
Cultured also means aesthetic interest
and sophisticated understanding of arts
and humanities. High level of perfection in
art,science, etc is also deemed cultured.

The set of beliefs, ideas, values, practices,

knowledge, history and shared
experiences, attitudes as well as material
objects and possesions, accumulated
overtime and shared by the members of
society.
Sociologically, Culture has a different meaning
from those given above.

Culture is a social heritage, transmitted from

one generation to another and shared. It
consists of the sum total of skills, belief,
knowledges and products that are commonly
shared by the number of people and
transmitted to their children— (Dressier)
Culture is the fabric of ideas, beliefs, skills,
tools, aesthetic objects, methods of
thinking, costums, and institutions into
which is member of society is born. Culture
is a part of the environment which man
himself has made–- ( Smith Stanley and
Shores)

The complex whole which includes

knowledges, beliefs, art, morals, law,
costums, and other capabilities gained by
man as a member of society—( Bertrand)
“CLASSIFICATIO
N OF CULTURE”
STATIC OR
DYNAMIC
STATIC– it emphasizes cultural
transmission.

DYNAMIC– it emphasizes change.

STABLE OR
UNSTABLE
STABLE– folkways and mores are
satisfying. New elements and traits are
incorporated smoothly and without conflict.

UNSTABLE– conflicts exist between the

traditional and radical groups and their
values.
“FORMS OF
CULTURE”
 MATERIAL NON
CULTURE MATERIAL
CULTURE
Tangible things
like houses Refers to what
clothing, tools, is symbolic or
utensils, intangibles
automobiles , such as:
tv, etc.
Non material culture

FOLKWAYS– traditional ways

of doing things in a certain
culture.
EXAMPLE:
MORES– heavily sanctioned
folkways for group survival and
are accepted without question
as they embody moral views of
the group.
EXAMPLE:
COSTUM— Habitual
practice.
EXAMPLE:
“COMPONENTS
OF CULTURE”
CULTURE COMPLEX– traits
patterned around important trait.

SUPERIORITY COMPLEX– the

central traits to which thought that
is one is better than all the other.
POSSIBLE TRAITS: over confidence,
condescension toward all others, self
pride, boastfulness, over bearing
manner, swaggering attitude,
affectation in manner.

A CULTURE PATTERN– combination

of culture complexes, pattern refers to
a specific way of behaving that is part
of a given culture.
WAYS OF
GREETING!
AMERICANS– shake hands
LATIN AMERICANS– embrace (abrazo)
ESKIMOS– touch nose ( kunik)
THAI– put hands together and bow ( wal)
JAPANESE– bow deeply (eshaku)
FILIPINO YOUNG OR OLD– kiss hand
(pagmamano)
“FUNCTIONS OF
CULTURE”
1 Communication is possible by means of
language that is learned.
2 It provides standards for differentiating right and
wrong, beautiful and ugly, tragic and humurous,
safe and dangerous, reasonable and
unreasonable.
3 Children are trained to behave in ways approved
by the group.
4 It provides the knowledge and skills needed for
survival.
5 People identify with others and film a sense of
belonging
CHARACTERISTICS OF
CULTURE
1 Only human society possesses culture.
2 Human cultures vary considerably although
they resemble each other in some respects.
3 Culture tends to persist, once learned and
accepted.
4 Culture changes gradually and
continuously.
5 Culture exists in the minds of men who
learned it from previous generations and
who use it to guide their conduct with
others.
6 There is tendency to borrow from
other cultures.
7 Members of a culture may
behave differently as in the case
of those who belong to sub
cultures.
8 No person can escape entirely
from his culture.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!!