INTERNET

 is a global wide area network that connects computer systems across the world.

 Is the largest and far-flung system-of-all- systems
 which is one of the pillars of sustainable development. 
 the most useful technology of modern times which helps us not only in our daily lives but also in professional lives. For
educational purposes, it is widely used to gather information and to do research or add to the knowledge of various
subjects. 
 To gain access to the Internet , the computer must be equipped with what is called a Server which has a special
software(program) that uses internet protocol.
  Getting around the Net. The most attractive way to move around the internet is called Browsing.
 BROWSING is searching for something on the internet without specifications.
Using a program called a browser.
 SURFING is searching for something specific in the internet.

In order to connect to the Internet, you must have access to an Internet service provider (ISP), which acts the middleman between
you and the Internet.

ADVANTAGES:
a) Faster Communication We can initiate real-time communication with someone who is in another part of the world.
b) Abundant Information Resources Seek assistance from the web in order to research and gather resources for homework,
office presentations, and supplement ones own research.
c) Inexhaustible Education The World Wide Web has become a remarkable avenue for the academically unprivileged, to amass
greater knowledge and know-how on subjects.
d)  Entertainment for Everyone The Internet has gained much success by marketing for several multifaceted entertainment
industries.
e)  Social Networking and Staying Connected These portals have become our means to stay connected with friends and family,
and stay in touch with the latest happenings in the world.
f) Online Services and E-commerce We can book tickets for a movie, transfer funds, pay utility bills and taxes without having to
leave our homes or offices.
DISADVANTAGES:
a. Theft of Personal Information The use of Internet for banking, social networking, or other services, often makes our
personal information vulnerable to theft.
b. Spamming Sending unwanted e- mails, which serve no purpose and needlessly obstruct the computer system.
c. Malware Threats Internet users are often plagued by virus attacks that harm their computers and important files

Benefits of the internet in the field of education. Some of these are:

1. Cost Effective and Affordable Education
One of the largest barriers to education is high cost. The Internet improves the quality of education, which is one of the pillars of
sustainable development. It provides education through Videos (like youtube tutorial videos) and web tutorials which is
affordable to everyone and cost-effective.
2. Student – Teacher and Peer Interaction
One can be in constant touch with their teachers or with other fellow classmates with the help of internet. Parents can interact
as well as communicate with teachers and school authorities about their kid’s performance in the school. Interaction with the
like minded people on forums can help students to explore new ideas and enrich their knowledge
3. Effective Teaching and Learning Tool
The Internet has become a major tool for effective teaching as well as a learning tool. Teachers can use it as a teaching tool in
order to gain students’ achievement. The learning process becomes interesting and diverse with its use. Teachers can teach with
the use of animation, powerpoint slides, and images to capture the students’ attention.
4. Easy access to Quality Education
Teachers can make use of the internet by proving the students with extra study material and resources such as interactive
lessons, educational quiz as well as tutorials. Teachers can record their lectures and provide it to the students for revisions
which is better than reading from notes.
5. Keeping you updated with Latest Information
Information is the biggest advantage which the internet is offering. There is a huge amount of information available for every
subject. It keeps us up to date with the latest information regarding the subjects.

6. Learning with Multimedia

It helps the students with the learning process as it helps to simplify the knowledge. Also, it helps to visualize what is being
taught by the teachers in school. If you want to prepare for final exams, you can access Video Tutorials and other resources
online through the Internet.
 Types of internet sources:

1. Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)

A self-learning technique, usually offline/online, involving interaction of the student with programmed instructional
materials.

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is an interactive instructional technique whereby a computer is used to present the
instructional material and monitor the learning that takes place.

CAI uses a combination of text, graphics, sound and video in enhancing the learning process. The computer has many
purposes in the classroom, and it can be utilized to help a student in all areas of the curriculum.

CAI refers to the use of the computer as a tool to facilitate and improve instruction. CAI programs use tutorials, drill and
practice, simulation, and problem solving approaches to present topics, and they test the student's understanding.

Types of Computer Assisted Instruction

 Drill-and-practice Drill and practice provide opportunities or students to repeatedly practice the skills that have previously
been presented and that further practice is necessary for mastery.  good for fundamental mastery.
 Tutorial Tutorial activity includes both the presentation of information and its extension into different forms of work,
including drill and practice, games and simulation.
 Discovery Discovery approach provides a large database of information specific to a course or content area and challenges
the learner to analyze, compare, infer and evaluate based on their explorations of the data.
 Problem Solving This approach helps children develop specific problem solving skills and strategies.
 SIMULATION This has proved quite useful in learning problem-solving ,the highest cognitive domain.

2. Application software is a program or group of programs designed for end users(In information technology, the term end
user is used to distinguish the person for whom a hardware or software product is designed from the developers, installers,
and servicers of the product.). These programs are divided into two classes: system software and application software.
While system software consists of low-level programs that interact with computers at a basic level, application software
resides above system software and includes applications such as database programs, word processors and spreadsheets.
Application software may be bundled with system software or published alone.

Application software may simply be referred to as an application.

“Information systems (IS) is the study of complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use
to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data.

“Information systems are combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to
collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings.

“Information systems are interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to
support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and viualization in an organization.”

As you can see, these definitions focus on two different ways of describing information systems: the components that make up
an information system and the role that those components play in an organization. Let’s take a look at each of these.

The Components of Information Systems.

The first way I describe information systems to students is to tell them that they are made up of five components: hardware,
software, data, people, and process. The first three, fitting under the technology category, are generally what most students think
of when asked to define information systems. But the last two, people and process, are really what separate the idea of
information systems from more technical fields, such as computer science. In order to fully understand information systems,
students must understand how all of these components work together to bring value to an organization.
 Different types of Information system in medical:

1. Clinical Information System (CIS) is a computer based system that is designed for collecting, storing, manipulating and
making available clinical information important to the healthcare delivery process
Clinical Information Systems provide a clinical data repository that stores clinical data such as the patient’s history of illness and the
interactions with care providers. The repository encodes information capable of helping physicians decide about the patient’s
condition, treatment options, and wellness activities as well as the status of decisions, actions undertaken and other relevant
information that could help in performing those actions.

2. Pharmacy Information System

is a system that has many different functions in order to maintain the supply and organization of drugs. It can be a separate
system for pharmacy usage only, or it can be coordinated with an inpatient hospital computer physician order entry (CPOE)
system. A PIS paired with a CPOE allows for an easier transfer of information.

 A PIS is used to reduce medication errors, increase patient safety, report drug usage, and track costs.
Inpatient pharmacy information systems are used in the hospital setting while outpatient pharmacy
information systems are used in home settings for discharged patients, clinics, long-term care facilities,
and home health care. Most of the uses and capabilities of the PIS are similar for inpatient and
outpatient settings. However, the outpatient PIS has a stronger emphasis on medication labeling, drug
warnings, and instructions for administration.