CH 2012: Problem sheet 1

Class discussion: Thu, Aug 20, 2020

DUE DATE: 11:55 pm, Tue, Aug 25, 2017

1. Consider a large plate initially at rest in a large expanse of stationary fluid.

At time t=0, it is suddenly set in motion. Also, consider an analogous
situation of a hot plate brought into contact with one face of a cold solid.
State, using few conceptual steps, how both the situations are analogous.
2. A fluid motion is only the x direction, so that we can write V = Vx î. The
Lagrangian description of the flow gives the position x of the fluid particle
that was located at x0 at time t0 as,

x0
x= t. (1)
t0
This is valid for 0 ≤ t0 ≤ t. What will the Eulerian description velocity,
in other words what is Vx (x, t).
Note: This is the similar to (in of course, non-relativistic case) the big
bang model of the expanding universe. Can you state how?
3. (Gupta and Gupta, Problem 3.2) A small thermocouple probe is floating
with the fluid whose temperature and velocity fields are given by

2 2
 
T = x + 2yz + 3t and V = 3xî + 2y + 6t y ĵ + 5k̂ . (2)

Find the rate of change of temperature recorded by the probe when it is

at the position 5î + 2ĵ + k̂ at time t = 1.
4. Using vector identities, show that total (or material) derivative of velocity
is given by,

DV ∂V 1
!
= + ∇ |V|2 − V × (∇ × V) . (3)
Dt ∂t 2
Write your interpretation for what the terms mean, the original terms
written in class and the terms in Eq. 3.
5. Consider the control volume (depicted by region A) in the Fig. 1. Due to
fluid motion, the region moves and region B gets added, while region C
gets removed. Therefore, ∆m, which is the change in the matter in the
region of interest can be written as,
 ∆m = [mA (t + ∆t) − mC (t + ∆t) + mB (t + ∆t)] − mA (t) . (4)

Show steps by which you can derive Reynolds transport theorem from the
above equation.

Figure 1: Control volume and fluid motion

6. The flow field for an atmospheric flow is given by,

Ky Kx
V=− î + ĵ . (5)
2π (x2 + y 2 ) 2π (x2 + y 2 )
where K is 5×105 m2 /s, and the x and y coordinates are parallel to the
local latitude and longitude. Plot the velocity magnitude along the x axis,
along the y axis, and along the line y = x, and discuss the velocity direction
with respect to these three axes. For each plot use a range x or y = - 1
km to 1 km, excluding x or y = -100 to 100 m.
7. A viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a patients blood. The
deformation rate (shear rate) - shear stress data is shown below. Plot the
apparent viscosity versus deformation rate.
Strain rate (s−1 ) 5 10 25 50 100 200 300 400
Stress (Pa) 0.0457 0.119 0.241 0.375 0.634 1.06 1.46 1.78
a) Obtain the value of viscosity if Newtonian fluid is assumed and data
regression is carried out to fit the data.
b) Fit a power law expression, and determine the constant. Comment
about the two fits.