Terminology related to bacteria

Bacteria:
Bacteria are microscopic unicellular prokaryotes having cell wall.
Mollicutes
It is the class of bacteria that is distinguished by the absence of cell wall
Mycoplasma:
Some bacteria do not have cell wall; they are known as mycoplasma. Mycoplasma
is included in Class Mollicutes
Spiroplasma:
Group of bacteria having spiral shape and they lack cell wall. They are fastidious in
nature.
Proteobacteria:
It is a phylum name of group of gram –ve bacteria containing wide variety of
pathogens.
Alphaproteobacteria:
They can grow at low level of nutrients and have unusual morphology like stalks
and buds. They also include nitrogen fixation bacteria.
Betaproteobacteria:
They are highly metabolically diverse and contain chemolithoautotrophs,
photoautotrophs and general heterotrophs.
Gammaproteobacteria:
They are largest in term of species. They include pseudomonas and the nitrogen
fixing azotobacter.
Deltaproteobacteria:
It includes bacteria that are predators on other bacteria. They are important
contributors to the anaerobic side of the sulphur cycle.
Hydrogenpphilalia:
They are obligate thermophiles and include autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Acidithiobacilla:
They contain only sulphur , iron and uranium oxidizing autotrophs. They include
important organisms used in mining industries.
Ephsilonproteobacteria:
They are often slender gram –ve rods that are helical or curved. They include
important food pathogens .eg: campylobacter
Oligofexia:
They are filamentous aerobes.
Gram -ve bacteria:
These bacteria cannot retain crystal violet dye. They have more lipid proteins in
cell wall.
Gram +ve bacteria:
These bacteria can retain crystal violet dye. They have more polysaccharides in
their cell wall.
Archae:
Prokaryotic organism which have no nucleus.
Extremophiles:
The first observed archae living in harsh environments such as hot springs and salt
lakes.
Halophilic microbes:
Microbes that live in high salt concentration.
Hyperthermophilic microbes:
Microbes that can live in high temperature even at above 60°C.
Firmicutes:
Group of bacteria having strong cell wall and they are Gram +ve bacteria
Bacilli:
Mostly Gram +ve bacteria having rod shaped structure.
Clostridia:
They are highly polyphyletic class of firmicutes that are obligate aerobes. They are
distinguished from bacilli by lacking aerobic respiration.
Thermolithobacteria:
It is a class of rod shaped bacteria. They contain thermophilic lithotrophs
Mycobacterium:
Mycobacteria are immobile, slow growing rod-shaped, gram positive bacteria.
Autotrophic bacteria:
Bacteria that make their own food and does not depend on other organisms.
Photoautotrophic bacteria:
Bacteria that utilize radiations of sunlight to make their own food.
Chemoautotrophic bacteria:
Bacteria that utilize chemical energy to make their own food.
Aerobic bacteria:
Bacteria that are able to grow in the presence of oxygen.
Anaerobic bacteria:
Bacteria that can grow in the absence of oxygen.
Facultative bacteria:
Bacteria that grow in the absence or presence of oxygen.
Microaerophilic bacteria:
Bacteria that require low concentration of oxygen.
Cyanobacteria :
A division of microorganism that are related to bacteria but are capable of
photosynthesis. They are prokaryotic and represent the earliest form of life on
earth.
 PP-505 (INTRODUCTION TO PROKARYOTES)
Assignment: Terms related to bacteria
Submitted to: DR. MUHAMMAD ATIQ

GROUP-10
Name Ag Number

M Ammar Bin Yasir 2017-ag-9627

Syed Ahmad Hassan 2017-ag-9603

Ali Akbar 2017-ag-9644

Nabeel 2017-ag-9606

Soha Fayyaz 2017-ag-9645

Khansa Rani 2017-ag-9646

Nimra Amin 2017-ag-9637

Faseeha Sadar Raza 2017-ag-9592

Amara Khalid 2017-ag-9647

Muniza Baig 2017-ag-9655

Nuzhat Jamal 2017-ag-9481