1

Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari, Karachi

Faculty of sciences & Humanities
Department of English.
Final Assessment Semester Examination fall- 2020
19th century poetry

Marks: 50 Date: 12/2/2020

Time Allowed: 24hrs Instructor: Faisal Iqbal

Name: Mushtaque Ali

Father Name: Muhammad
Batch: 9th 6th semester BS English
Subject: 19th century Poetry
Seat no: B184033
______________ ____________

Q.1How would you describe the overall tone of the poem (ode on a Grecian urn)? Is it
joyful or sad? (15)
tone of old on a Grecian urn the tone of ode on a Grecian urn is part melancholy part
wonder and praise melancholy is seen in Keats comparison of the urn engraver scenes of
natural to the earth real sects for instance the earth real scenes for instance that happy
boughs that cannot shed your leaves nor ever bid the adieu Keats 979 show the speakers
joy in the way the fact that the urn branches will stay the leaves and bid these paring adieu
the wonder and praise is found in the formal diction and almost songlike language while
the use of toothy and loth was common in Keats time the modern use of this type of diction
is usually reserved for the language found in the holy bible the tone then becomes one of
praise and reverence for the wonder is heard in the question the speaking asking about thy
contained on the urn of scenes contain on the urn of surface what leaf firing legend haunt
about thy shape and what speaking us full of curiosity and wonder he is not simply
 2

obscenely and a well-crafted vase but almost longing to be part of the scene and know what
is story each detail tells.

Two word that are repeated frequently in the third stanza are happy and forever
remember that the speaker of the poem is commenting on a scene that he is seeing painted
on a Grecian urn, and thus he is talking about the emotion of the scene he is looking at and
how those involved in the scene will experience those emotion and joys forever. The
repetition of these two word could be said to have two purposes firstly it could emphasis
the joy that speaker has and his enthusiasm for everlasting art which of course the Grecian
urn is symbol of secondly, it could be seen as an ironic comment on the stasis and unfilled
passion that the scene on the vase represents. Human passion makes you worried and tired
cloy means wear out because something is too sticky too heavy or sweet. In this poem
joyful and sad moment.

The character are happy because this moment of joy will never be moved out from them
they're in an exceedingly time warp picture placed on the Urn by the artist that the
celebratory procession will persist forever the must will never stop while we wish be there
any further to listen to is those melodies unheard are sweeter the musician used to get gold
and feeble and clumsy, the sweethearts will never get to grasp one another and fall out of
affection through common human failing the leaves on the trees will never turn brown.

The speaker consider the town which has been emptied of this folk this pious morn he
realizes that those streets are silent and empty forever now thanks to the people have
come here and that they will never be able to return place other words while this scene of
beauty and joys another scene of desolation and apparent sadness has been created
invisibly elsewhere this draw attention to 1 of the poem’s main ideas that true beauty lies is
what's fleeting and ephemeral death and morality lend importance and wonder to people
and scenes it's the desolate town that lends greater beauty to the sense of enjoyment we
cannot fully enjoy the sentiments related to one without understand, by experience the
sensation produced by the opposite
 3

Q.2 explain the given stanza and justify your views with reference to context (10)
Fade far away, dissolve, and quite forget
what thou among the leaves hast never known.
The weariness, the fever, and the fret
Here, where men sit and hear each other groan;
Where palsy shakes a few, sad, last gray hairs,
Where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, and dies;
Where but to think is to be full of sorrow
And leaden-eyed despairs,
Where Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes,
Or new Love pine at them beyond to-morrow,

This third stanza may be a continuation of the thought expressed within the first two
stanza. Keats was haunted by his fears of death. He had tuberculosis and died of the disease
in Italy when he only twenty six an excellent loss to English literature. Keats obviously
want to flee from his melancholy considered his morality, evidently he was becoming
overly keen on wine as means of escape. He dreaded death because it might put an end to
his creative work when it had scarcely begun he was loving with a lady named fanny
Brawne but couldn't marry her because he expected to die. She is perhaps the wonder he
has in mind where he says
“Where beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes.
Nor new love pine at them beyond to – morrow”
and he's the youth he has in mind within the line.
“where youth grows pale, and spectre thin and dies” The lines that immediately follow are
especially revealing: where but to think is to be filled with sorrow and leaden eyed despairs
Keats doesn't want to think, he wants to forget, he would favor complete oblivion, but since
that oblivion through the imaginary beaker of wine isn't available, he will try and escape on
the viewless wings of poesy, What appeals to Keats about the nightingale is that it seems to
 4

be immortal, it doesn't have to fret about death as he does it seems immortal because the
bird always seems like the identical bird and always sings the identical notes, during this
imagination he escape into that birds world initially he find himself in fairyland under the
bushes where the bird customarily nests. He describe that tiny world with its scents and
flowers, then again he travels back in time to world with its scents and flowers, on the
other hand he travels back in time to when Ruth of the Old Testament heard that exact
same bird singing that exact same song amid the alien corn, and he travels beyond time
into faery lands forlorn before he called back to reality by the word forlorn which reminds
him of his forlorn condition. The third stanza may be a form of prelude to Keats popping
out his imagination to flee from his thought of death.

Q.3. write down historical and psychological aspects of poem “the cup” by duniya mekhail.
(15)
The Cup poem was written by Mikhail duniya in 1990. Her husband died in the war
between Iraq and Iran. The poem can rightly be said one in every of Dania Mikhail‘s that
poem which have depicted many psychological effect that the Iraq war left on the ladies,
they you survive the war but the war also survives is your memory, it's actuality survivor
amongst you, says Dania Mikhail in an interview and describe many theme as they haunt
women tormented by the casualties of war within the poem the cup it's also among those
poem of Mikhail which protest against war within the farm of women’s refusal to simply
accept the fragmentation caused by the war, the cup indicates that because women cannot
physically protest the war therefore they mentally defragment the changes which are
inflicted on them by the war, there could also be a refusal to the mere comprehension of
war and its losses, the separation between them and their men is denied through, the cup
lady, because she simply and completely refuses to simply accept that her husband has
martyred within the war,
The lady within the poem uses a cup on a board to speak with the spirit of her dead
husband despite knowing that her husband dead, she ask him are you truly my husband
the martyr this implies that she persists in question the spirit of why he had left her so
early question about his death and escape show that this lady is trying to form herself,
actually believe and convince herself about the death of her husband, she is of course
 5

unable to simply accept her death and this is often sign of her inability to simply accept the
war which led to his martyrdom.
The lady in “The Cup” is in an exceedingly state of exile, she lives may be a state of nostalgia
a state unfulfilled desire of past for a home that can't be reclaimed as in Exile one cannot
return to the homeland but one can neither return to past desire nor integrate into the
current moment, the element of exile present within the poem is additionally depicted by
the concept of escape which is either is to save lots of life or to avoid unwanted
circumstances of violence within the war the martyred couldn't escape but advise his wife
to flee anyhow, the kid is collecting insects within the garden in his father’s helmet
although he know the helmet has holes and it's unacceptable to stay captured of an
extended time,

Q.4. Discuss Mathew Arnold as prominent figure in 19th century poetry. (10)
Arnold is sometimes called the third great Victorian poet along with Alfred lord Tennyson
and Robert browning the mood of Arnold’s poetry tends to be of plaintive reflection and he
is restrained is expressing emotion he felt that poetry should be the criticism of life and
express a philosophy Arnolds philosophy is that true happiness comes from within and
that people should seek within themselves for good while being resigned in acceptance of
outward things and avoiding the pointless turmoil of the world.. Matthew Arnold was an
English poet and cultural critic whose work remain amongst the best known of 19th
century British poetry though he is best known for subjects he is best known for his themes
of natural modern society and moral instruction. Arnold was born to Thomas and Mary
pens worth Arnold in lave ham England when Matthew was young Thomas was named
headmaster of the famed rugby school and moved his family to rugby England to take
residence in 1836 Arnold was sent to Winchester college but eventually returned to the
rugby school where he studies under his father he won multiple prizes there for Latin ad
English poetry Arnold had a distinguished career as a student and professional.in 1841 he
began studying at Balliol college oxford on an open scholarship his father died in 1842 of
heart disease and his family then moved permanently to their vacation home fox how he
graduated oxford with a 2nd class honor degree in literate humanists or what we now
know as classic he went on to teach briefly at rugby then was elected fellow in 1847 he was
 6

named private secretary to lord Lansdowne lord president of the council after being
appointed in 1851 as an inspector of school Arnold married frances lucy and had six
children however Arnold greatest work was as a writer thought he published his first book
of poetry the strayed reveler in 1849 his liability career really in 1852 when he began to
publish more poetry volume his second volume included a verse drama empathetic on etna
though he garnered the most attention for the poetry which he most the continued to
writhe until his death additionally Arnold was well known as a cultural and anarchy in
1869 today his work as critic is as well-known as his poetry is throughput this phase of his
life Arnold found great professor as a writer he was elected as a foreign honorary member
of the American academy of arts and sciences Arnold died suddenly in 1888 of heart failure
while rushing to catch a tram his work has remained popular and loved since his death.

“The End”