ASSIGNMENT

SUBJECT: PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL LIFE

TOPIC: AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
SUBMITTED TO MS. ADEEBIA YOUSUF
MUHAMMAD AHMAD S/O ABDUL JABBAR
ROLL NO bsf2000465
University of education division of science and
technology.
RESPIRATION
Respiration is a chemical process that breaks chemical
bonds in glucose (organic compounds), releasing stored
energy and transferring some energy to ATP molecules
while some energy is lost as heat.
Equation for respiration
6O2+C6H12O6→6CO2+6H2O+ENERGY(ATP)
→ OXYGEN+GLUCOSE→CARBON
DIOXIDE+WATIR+ENERGY
ATP is synthesized from the food we eat by the processes like.

1. Aerobic respiration
2. An aerobic respiration
3. Fermentation

Aerobic respiration
It is the process of cellular respiration that
takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to
produce energy from food. This type of
respiration is common in most of the plants
and animals, birds humans and mammals
In this process water and carbon dioxide are
produce as end products.
Aerobic respiration process takes place in are
multicellular organisms including animals,
plants and other living organisms.
The aerobic respiration diagram given below
represents the entire process of aerobic
respiration.
Aerobic respiration involves four stages:
Glycolysis
A transition reaction that forms acetyl
coenzyme A
The citric acid (krebs) cycle, and an electron
transport chain and
Chemiosmosis
 Key points on aerobic respiration
 Aerobic respiration is the
process utilization of oxygen to
break down glucose, amino
acids, fatty acids to produce
ATP.
 The pyruvate is then converted
in to acetyl CoA in the
mitochondrial matrix.
 The kreb’s cycle occurs twice
per glucose molecule.
  The protein complexes are
arranged on the inner
mitochondrial matrix so that the
electrons pass from one reacting
molecule to the other.
 This is known as the electron
transport chain.
 ATP synthase produces ATP
from ADP and inorganic
phosphate.

Anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is the type of respiration
through which cells can break down sugars to
generate energy in the absence of oxygen. this
is in contrast to the highly efficient process of
aerobic respiration, which relies on oxygen to
produce energy.
Molecular oxygen is the most efficient electron
acceptor for respiration, due to its high affinity
for electrons. However, some organisms have
evolved to used other final electrons acceptors
and as such, can perform respiration with out
oxygen
Anaerobic respiration occurs when the amount
of oxygen available is too low to support the
process of aerobic respiration.

Types
There are two main types of anaerobic
respiration, alcoholic fermentation and
lactic fermentation.
Example
Anaerobic respiration happens in muscles

during hard exercise.

Lactic acid fermentation
In this type of anaerobic respiration,glucose is
split into two molecules of lactic acid to
produce two molecules of ATP, it occurs in
certain types of bacteria and some animal
tissues, such as muscle

Alcoholic fermentation
In this type of anaerobic respiration, glucose is
split into ethanol or ethyl alcohol. This process
also produce two ATP per sugar molecule. This
occurs in yeast and even in some types of fish
such as GOLD FISH.

Similarities between aerobic

and anaerobic respiration
 The similarities between aerobic and
anaerobic respiration, is that the both use
 glucose as the starting molecule this is
called as substrate.
 In a addition, both aerobic and anaerobic
respiration produce ATP, however, aerobic
respiration produces a lot mor ATP
compared to an aerobic respiration.
 (ATP is the energy source that cells use, to
dive all the different processes that we
need to survive)
 Food is oxidized in both respiration and
energy is released.

Comparison between aerobic and

anaerobic respiration
Basis for Aerobic Anaerobic
comparison respiration respiration
Definition The break The break
down of down in the
glucose in the
absence of
presence of
oxygen to oxygen to
produce more produce
amount of energy as
energy is called
called as
as aerobic anaerobic
respiration.
respiration.
Chemical Glucose+ Glucose
equation oxygen gives gives lactic
carbon acid +
dioxide+ energy
water
It occurs in The Takes place
cytoplasm to in the
mitochondria cytoplasm
only
Energy The high Less
produced amount of amount of
energy is energy
produced produced

Number of 38ATP 2ATP

ATP
released
Final Carbon Lactic
product is dioxide and acid(animal
water cells)
carbon
dioxide and
ethanol.
It requires Oxygen and It does not
glucose to require
produce oxygen but
energy uses
 glucose to
produce
energy
Process of Complete Incomplete
combustion
Types of It is a long It is a fast
process process for process in
the comparison
production to aerobic
of energy respiration
Examples Aerobic Anaerobic
respiration respiration
occurs in occurs in
many plants many human
muscle cells
eukaryotes,
bacteria, yeast
prokaryotes,
etc.
 It Glycolysis also 1 Glycolysis
called embden- 2
involves Meyerhof- fermentation
parnas(emp) types
pathway the lactic
respiratory fermentation
chain (electron alcoholic
transport chain fermentation
and
phosphorylation
.the
tricarboxylic
acid cycle TCA
also known as
the citric acid
cycle or krebs
cycle