“Nanobio Technology Enabled Biomedical

Sensor Devices for Point-of-Care Disease

Diagnosis”

Gorachand Dutta, PhD

Assistant Professor
School of Medical Science and Technology (SMST)
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

September 02, 2020

 Currently available solutions for diabetes
screening
Low-cost, but invasive Non-invasive, high-cost

Non-invasive, disposable
???
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kw2XP44oEQM&t=49s&ab_ch
annel=MedtronicDiabetes
 Lab-on-PCB
Recently LOC integration main focus → PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) ideal
integration platform:

Layer #1

Layer #2
2D Graph 1

2000
Corrected current (nA)

Layer
1500
#3
1000

500

+3SD
0
0 2 4 6 8 10

Glucose concentration (mM)

Col 1 vs Col 2 - Col 4

Col 8 vs Col 9
Lab-on-PCB
Malaria Detection using Microfluidic Chip
based Biosensor

Prof. Lillehoj demonstrating the mobile

phone biosensor at the University of
Malawi, College of Medicine (May 20,
2016)
 Wash-free, label-free rapid electrochemical
detection
Gorachand Dutta and Peter B. Lillehoj

Biological Fluid
(blood, urine, Sweat)
A

Ascorbic B Waiting time: 5 min

oxidase

anti-PfHRP2 IgG C
anti-PfHRP2 IgM RE
D WE
CE
Methylene blue
E
Ru(NH3)63+
F
 Future Prospects

Biosensor for Point-of-Site Application

Portable Biodevices for Early Fuel Cell for Clean Power

Stage Disease Detection Sources to Biosensor
 Wash-free biosensor  Electrical energy from organic molecules
 Smartphone based platforms such as ethanol, glucose or urea.
 Printed bioelectronics
 Redox active materials/nanomaterials for fuel cell
 Lab-on-PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
 Wearable Sensors
 Translational Health Research
Bench to Bedside: What Does Research Mean in the REAL
WORLD? Translational research incorporates
laboratory breakthroughs into patient care.

 Expedite the discovery of new diagnostic tools

and treatments using
 multi-disciplinary,
 highly collaborative approach

Mata and Davis Clinical and Translational Medicine 2012, 1:27

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAblbUmyQgk
 Translational Health Research

Nanotechnology
 Innovative,
 integrated approaches to cancer treatment
that previously would have been considered
impossible fantasy.
 development of high-throughput, highly
sensitive assays for cancer biomarkers.

Drug delivery is important for optimizing drug

efficacy and reducing toxic side effects,
Nanoparticles have been developed as an
important strategy to overcome several problems
in the delivery of conventional
 drugs,
 recombinant proteins, and
 vaccines for disease treatment.
Molecules 2018, 23, 826
 Commercialization of Devices

 Integration of highly sensitive Biosensors to a mobile device

 Recently LOC integration main focus → PCBs (Printed

Circuit Boards) ideal integration platform:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xr1P4Dvp9Bg&ab_channel=FastFo
rwardMedicalInnovation%E2%80%93CommercializationEducation
 Nanomaterials for Healthcare
Biosensing

Gorachand Dutta, PhD

Assistant Professor
School of Medical Science and Technology (SMST)
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

School of Medical Science and Technology

IIT Kharagpur.
 NanoBio sensing systems are able to detect a wide variety of clinically
relevant molecules, like nucleic acids, viruses, bacteria, cancer
antigens, toxins, contaminants, as well as entire cells in various sensing
media, ranging from buffers to more complex environments such as
urine, blood or sputum.

 Materials with at least one of their dimensions measuring 1–100 nm are

termed nanomaterials.

 Due to their small size, most of their constituent atoms or molecules are
located on the surface of such materials, giving rise to remarkable
distinction in their fundamental physicochemical properties from the
bulk of the same materials.
The shape of these particles is crucial to their properties. For instance,
nanorods may have significantly different properties to nanospheres of
the same material.

 The increased surface area per unit mass also results in an

approximately 1000-fold increase in the chemical reactivity.
 On the basis of chemical constitution, nanomaterials can mainly be classified
into: (1) carbon allotrope-based nanomaterials consisting of only carbon atoms,
(2) inorganic nanomaterials made up of metallic or non-metallic constituents
such as Au, Ag, SiO2, and (3) organic nanomaterials majorly comprising of
polymeric nanomaterials.

 Based on structural differences, each of these nanomaterials can be further

categorised into several subtypes, as shown in Figure 1.