vPratt & Whitney PW4000

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PW4000

The 112-inch (2.8 m) fan diameter PW4098 used on the Boeing 777

Type Turbofan

National origin United States

Manufacturer Pratt & Whitney

First run April 1984 [1]

Major applications Airbus A300-600/A310

Airbus A330

Boeing 747-400

Boeing 767/KC-46

Boeing 777

McDonnell Douglas MD-11

Produced 1984–present

Number built 2,500 (June 2017) [2]

Developed from Pratt & Whitney JT9D

 Developed into Engine Alliance GP7000

The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of dual-spool, axial-flow, high-bypass

turbofan aircraft engines produced by Pratt & Whitney as the successor to the JT9D.
It was first run in April 1984, was FAA certified in July 1986, and was introduced in
June 1987. With thrust ranging from 50,000 to 99,040 lbf (222 to 441 kN), it is used
on many wide-body aircraft.

Contents

• 1Development
• 2Design
• 3Variants and applications
o 3.1PW4000-94
o 3.2PW4000-100
o 3.3PW4000-112
• 4Accidents and incidents
o 4.1Involving PW4000-112 series
o 4.2Involving PW4000-100 series
o 4.3Involving PW4000-94 series
• 5Specifications
• 6See also
• 7Ref erences
• 8Further reading

Development[edit]

A PW4098 from behind

The 52,000-62,000 lbf (230-275 kN), 94 in (2.4 m) -fan PW4000 made its first run in
April 1984, was FAA certified in July 1986, and was introduced in June 1987. It
powers the Airbus A300-600 and A310-300, Boeing 747-400 and 767-200/300,
and McDonnell Douglas MD-11 widebodies.[1]
Development of the 64,000–68,000 lbf (280–300 kN), 100 in (2.5 m)-fan version
began in December 1991 for the A330, was FAA certified in August 1993, and made
its first flight two months later. It received 90min Extended-range Twin-engine
Operations (ETOPS) approval at introduction in December 1994, and 180min
ETOPS approval in July 1995. In January 2000, it was the A330 market leader with
more than half of the installed base and one million hours, more than twice that of
each competitor.[1] The Advantage 70 upgrade package for the PW4168A, which
powered around one-third of the active Airbus A330 fleet, was launched at the
2006 Farnborough Airshow, increasing thrust to 70,000 lbf (311 kN), and reducing
fuel burn by about 1.2% as well as overall operating costs by as much as 20%. [3]

A PW4074 on an ANA 777-200 under maintenance, with the fan doors open, showing the fan disk inside
the inlet cowling at the front of the engine,

For the Boeing 777, the 84,000–98,000 lbf (370–440 kN), 112 in (2.8 m)-fan version
development began in October 1990, achieved 100,000 lbf (440 kN) in May 1993,
and was approved for 180min ETOPS at service entry in June 1995.The 777 launch
engine, it entered service on 7 June 1995, with United Airlines. The 90,000 lbf
(400 kN) PW4090 entered service in March 1997. The 98,000 lbf (440 kN) PW4098
received FAA certification in July 1998 and was introduced on the Boeing 777-300 in
September 1999.[1]
In 2000, over 2,000 PW4000 engines had accumulated over 40 million hours of
service with 75 operators.[1] In 30 years between June 1987 and 2017, more than
2,500 engines have been delivered, logging more than 135 million flight hours. [2]

Design[edit]

PW4077 titanium -bladed fan section with containment ring in the United Airlines maintenance facility
at SFO.

The PW4000 has a dispatch reliability rate of 99.96% and is approved for ETOPS
180. The average engine stays on wing 13,500 flight hours before a shop visit (a
Shop Visit Rate of 0.073 per thousand hours). It is claimed to be cumulatively 3.4 dB
quieter than other engines in its class.[1]
Like other modern aircraft power plants, it has a Full Authority Digital Engine
Control (FADEC), for better fuel economy and reliability.[4] Furthermore, single-
crystal alloys allows higher temperature capability and PW's
Floatwall combustor liners improve durability and maintainability. Also, the Talon
("Technology for Affordable Low NOx") single-row combustor improves fuel-air
mixing, for over 10% better NOx, CO, and HC emissions.
Variants and applications[edit]

A -94 powering the Boeing 767 with 38 fan blades

A -100 powering the Airbus A330 with 34 fan blades

A -112 powering the Boeing 777 with 22 fan blades

The PW 4000 series engine family uses a numbering systematic with the last three
digits (PW 4XYZ) as identification of the application and thrust power:

• X describes the aircraft manufacturer for which the engine is approved. a

zero (0) stands for Boeing 767, 747, 777; a one (1) for Airbus A300, A310,
A330; and a four (4) for the McDonnell Douglas MD-11.
• YZ denotes the certified thrust in US pounds (lbf) in pro-mile fraction.
Example: A PW4077 identifies a PW4000 series engine certified for Boeing (777-
200) and has a certified thrust of 77,000 lbf.
PW4000-94[edit]
Variants: PW4052, PW4056, PW4060, PW4062, PW4062A, PW4152, PW4156A,
PW4156, PW4158, PW4460 and PW4462.
Thrust range: 231–276 kN (52,000 lbf – 62,000 lbf)[5]
Applications:

• Airbus A300-600
• Airbus A310-300
• Boeing 747-400 (and Scaled Composites Stratolaunch)
 • Boeing 767-200/-300(Including ER Version and Boeing Converted
Freighter version except -300F)/-2C/Boeing KC-46A
• McDonnell Douglas MD-11
PW4000-100