SHEENA MAY D.

ORO BEED III ECOLOGY

1. Define Ecology in one sentence.
* The study of the relationships of living things to each other and to the environment.
2. Give 5 Filipino Ecologist and 5 Foreign Ecologists and their contributions in the field of
Ecology.
5 Filipino Ecologist
* Angel C. Alcala (In Marine Ecology)
Ecology and conservation of coral reefs, mangroves and river systems
Aquaculture studies on giant clams, mollusks and fishes
Captive breeding of Philippine crocodiles

* Prescillano M. Zamora (In Plant Morphology, Anatomy and Taxonomy)

Published articles on the ecology, morphology and taxonomy of some crop plants, ferns,
gymnosperms and mangroves. Spearheaded the project on the inventory of endangered,
rare and endemic species of flora and fauna.

* Emerita V. De Guzman (In Plant Morphogenesis)

Spearheaded the University of Philippines Los Banos team which made a breakthrough in
research on propagation of mutant coconut, locally known as "Makapuno"
Also did tissue culture techniques for rapid propagation of abaca and banana

* Dioscoro S. Rabor (In Philippine Wildlife Biology)

Published numerous scientific papers on wildlife, particularly on birds, mammals and
reptiles. Discovered or co-discovered new species of a local flying squirrel, two
mammals, a lizard and some birds

* Ramon Cabanos Barba Barba

was named a National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014 for inventing a way to induce
flowering in mango trees regardless of season, boosting the local mango industry.

5 Foreign Ecologists

*Charles Robert Darwin (1809–1882)

was a British naturalist best known for his work establishing the theory of organic
evolution by means of natural selection. [His most famous work is] On the Origin of
Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favored Races in the
Struggle for Life, published in 1859. His scientific oeuvre is dominated by this book, but
he subsequently published a number of important books that either extended or supported
the theory set forth in 1859 including his reflections on human evolution.

*Charles Elton (1900–1991)

was a towering figure in ecology in general and animal ecology in particular. Although
there were antecedents, he was a chief architect of the concept of the pyramid of numbers
 and one of the inventors of the concepts of the food chain, food web, and ecological
niche. He helped found the field of animal ecology.

*Emma Lucy Braun (b. 1889–d. 1971)

was one of the more influential plant ecologists of the 20th century. She is known
primarily for her seminal book, Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America, first
published in 1950 with later facsimile reprinting’s.

*George Evelyn Hutchinson (1903–1991)

was one of the foremost figures in ecology during the 20th century. He strongly
advocated quantitative approaches to studying ecological problems. He is particularly
known for revamping an existing concept, the ecological niche, into a more robust and
explicit idea in which a species distribution is mapped onto axes of environmental
variation.

*Arthur George Tansley (1871–1955)

was one of the most eminent ecologists of the 20th century and was key to the
discipline’s professionalization. In 1935, he introduced what would become one of his
science’s most fundamental and influential terms, the ‘ecosystem.'

3. What is the importance of studying Ecology?

* Ecology enriches our world and is crucial for human wellbeing and prosperity. It
provides new knowledge of the interdependence between people and nature that is vital for food
production, maintaining clean air and water, and sustaining biodiversity in a changing climate.
MIDTERM:
1. Introduction and course goals.
2. What is Ecology?

Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms,

including humans, and their physical environment; it seeks to understand the
vital connections between plants and animals and the world around them.
Ecology also provides information about the benefits of ecosystems and how
we can use Earth’s resources in ways that leave the environment healthy for
future generations.
3. Adaptation of organisms to the physical environment.

4. The process of adaptation in populations.

5. Structure and growth of populations.
6. Growth, regulations and dynamics of populations.

FINAL TERM:
7. Types of species interactions

8. Structure of communities and successions.

9. Patterns of Biodiversity
10. Energy in the ecosystem
11. Elements in the ecosystem
12. Biosphere and Global Ecology.