FORMULA:

1. Indicated Mean Effective Pressure

Pmi = a x S / l
Where:
a = area of indicator card
S = spring constant
l = length of the card
Pmi = indicated mean effective pressure

2. Indicated Power

IP = Pmi Ls A N nc

Where:
Ls = length of stroke
A = piston area
N = number of power cycles per minute
= rotative speed /1 – for 2-stroke cycle
= rotative speed /2 – for 4-stroke cycle
nc = number of cylinders
IP = indicated power

3. Brake Power

BP = 2 πn T = 2 π F R n

Where:
n = rotative speed of the shaft
F = net load
R = brake arm length
T = torque
BP = brake power
 4. Brake Thermal Efficiency
Brake power
℮ = -----------------
QA

5. Air and Fuel Ratio = the ratio of the air mass flow against the fuel
mass flow:
ṁa
Air/ Fuel Ratio=
ṁf

6. Volumetric Efficiency = actual volume of air / volume displaced

7. Heat Energy and Enthalpy = The heat energy of combustion from

the fuel is founded by the fuel consumption and its calorific value:
H F= ṁf C L

8. The inlet air enthalpy (in Watts) is found from the air mass flow rate
and the ambient temperature:
H A =ṁa C p T A

9. Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP) = is the average mean

pressure in the cylinder that would produce the measure brake output.
This pressure is calculated as the uniform pressure in the cylinder as
the piston rises from the top to bottom of each power stroke.

10. Specific Fuel Consumption = mass fuel consumed / mechanical

power

11. Volume Displacement = Area of the cylinder x Length of stroke

12. Measured volume of air = M R T / P