[CANDIDATE PLEASENOTES turn ths bookie restCODEOL207010 Milan oto MAYAUN FORM TP 2008042 me 008 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE, EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Paper 01 — General Proficiency 75 minutes (09 SUNE2008(p.m)) READ THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY ion to thistest booklet, youshould have ananswer sheet. 2. Bachitem in thistesthas four suggested answers lettered (A), (B),(C), (D). Read each item youare about toanswerand decide which choiceis best. 3. Onyouranswersheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as thie answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. Sample ltem Which of the following diseases is dueto dietary deficiency? Sample Answer (A) Anaernia ) OO (B) Diabetes ® ® 9 i) (©) Influenza (D) Malaria ‘The bestanswerto this item is “Anaemia”, so answer space (A) has been blackened. 4, Ifyouwanttochange youranswer, be sure to erase your old answer completely and fill in your new choice. 5. Whenyouaretoldto begin, tum the page and workasquickly andas carefully asyoucan. Ifyoucannot answer an item, omititand goon tothenextone. Youcan retumtotheomitted item later. Yourscore will be the total number ofcorrect answers. 6. Figuresarenotnecessarily drawnto scale. 7. Thistestconsists of 60 items. You will have 75 minutes toanswerthem. 8. Donotbeconcemed that the answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than thereari thistest. TOLD TO DO SO. DO_NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU AR. Copyright® 2007 Caribbean Examinations Allrightsreserved Council®, 01207010/F 2008 augnavasxisy 4 i1. Which of the following soil organismsean be Algae 2. found living in the root nodules of leguminous plants? (A) Viruses (B) Bacteria (©) Nematodes (D) Fungi Ltems2-3 refer to the simple web constructed from organisms found in a small pond, 1 Mosquito larvae ay > Guppies Tilapia Ne (tresater fish) Which organism is a predator? @ ot eo «© (~) WV ‘The herbivores are (A) Tand tony (B) Mand Vonly (©) 1, Uland tVonly (D) M1 and V only Some insects are brightly coloured, but are difficult to spot as they sit on plants. This bright coloration may be important for 1 polfination I, blending into theirenvironment Hil attracting mates TV. hunting for prey (A) Land Ionly (B) Land Itonly (©) Hand Ill only (D) LU, tand1v 01207010/F 2008 efersto the following dia, nitrogen cycle. Which of the following groups of bact will be active at L? ‘ (A) Denutifying (B) _ Nitrifying \ (C) Nitrogen fixing (D) — Putrefying If a carbon atom were traced through following organisms, the order in which it likely to be detected would be (A) sinall bird grasshopper — liza —+ plant (B) lizard grasshopper—> plant—> small bird, (©) atasshopper—> plant—smallbied- bird (2) ~ _ plant—> grasshopper lizard —> small bird In multicellular organisms, cells becom different from one another in order to cart out particular functions. This is called (A) adaptation (B) selection (C) specialization (D) evolution GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEa. Ifall the trees in a large area of forest were destroyed by disease, what would be the MOST likely effect on the composition of the aicin the long term? (A) The level of carbon dioxide would decrease. (B) The level of carbon dioxide would increase. (© There would be no change in the compositionof theair. (©) There would bemoreoxygen. A mature plant cell is different trom a ma- ture animal cell because it has (A) alarge permanent vacuole (B) mitochondria (©) anucleus suspended in the cytoplasm (D) — acell membrane The process which moves food through the alimentary canal is called (A) digestion (B) mastication (C)__ peristalsis (D) swallowing Living organisms feed by using simple in- organic substances or by consuming com- plex organic substances. Which of the following rows correctly shows the type of substances used or con sumed by plants, animals and fungi? (] Ptans (A) | Simple | Complex | Complex inorganic | organic _-| organic @) | Simple | Complex. | Complex organic | organic _| inorganic © | Comptex | Simple | Complex organic _| inorganic | organic (@) | Complex | Simple 13. MM. Which ofthe following would MOST likely occurifenzymes were NOT presentin living cells? (A) Slowrateofreaction (B) —Highrateofreaction (© __ Reaction requiring higher tempera- tures (D) _Noreaction Which ofthe following combinations correctly shows a gas that is a raw material and a gas that isa product, during photosynthesis. Taw material Product Nitrogen Nitrogen Carbon dioxide_| Bile empties into the (A) stomach (B) caecum (© ileum (D) duodenum15. 16. "1 -4- Which of the following statements abour Items 15-16 refer tothe figure showing an 18, apparatus used to investigate the process of aerobic and anaerobic respiration is conect? anaes ‘Anaerobic | ) [By | urs in the Vecuum _ mitochondria ask (© | Releases large Releases small amounts of energy | amounts of energy | (@) | Atleast one Products are always product is organic _| inorganic . }—Germinating peas 19. Whichofthe followingcomparisonsbetween arteriesand veinsisNOT correct? Cotton woo! Arteries Veins —— Thermometer (A) Valvespresent Valves absent (8) Bloodflows Blood flows inpulses smoothly (©) Havethick Have thin walls muscularwalls (DP) Bloodlowin—_Bloodhighin Which of the following products of carbondioxide carbon dioxide tion is the apparatus used to show? Liem 20 refers to the following diagram of (A) Heat an insect feeding on a plant. (8B) Carbondioxide (©) Water - (D) Ethanol Plant stem On setting up the apparatus, bacteria on peas een eae are killed. Thisis important so that they will hot Inseet (A) feed on the peas — (B) —_ giveoffheat (©) useupoxygen (D) _useupcarbon dioxide 20. Theinsect MOST likely obtains its nutrients The process responsible for the movement of ‘water upwards in xylem vessels is (A) evaporation (B) —_wanspiration pull (©) osmosis (D) _activetransport 01207010/F 2008 fromthe (A) cambium (B) —epidemis © phloem (D) xylan . GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE<5. 21, Themoleculeused to temporarily store the 22. Whichofthe following statements about cigs energy released during the process of respi rette smoking are correct?” : 1. Results in persistent coughing and (A) ADP shorinessiof breath. (B) DNA Il, There is destruction of the alveolar (©) ADH walls. () ATP II. May result in cancer of the lungs, throat, mouth and oesophagus. IV. Blood pressure is lowered. (A) Land tlonly (8) Mand tV only (© bland tlonly () —f.tland IV only Items 23 = 24 refer to the diagrams below which represent some components of blood, (A) (B) © (@) In answering items 23 -24, match each item with one of the options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not tall. 23. Engulling disease-causing organisms 24, Transportofoxygen25. 26. 21. 28, 29, Theureter carries urine from the 30. (A) kidney othebladder {B) _collectingtubuletothepelvis (©) nephrontothecollecting tubule (D) _ bladderoutofthebody While the filtrate passes through the kidney tubule, mostofthe watermovesback into the blood stream. Thismakesthe (A) moreditute (B) darker (©) moreconcentrated (D) ___ palerineolour Which ofthe following would NOT represent 31. a form of excretion in plants? (A) Water vapour diffusing through epidermis (B) _Tannins being stored in dead tissue (C) Gases diffusing through stomata (D) Stored calcium onalate erystals in leaves during leaf fall Which of the following adaptations in plants. is NOT used to conserve water? (A) Cuticle thickness (B) —_Longleaves (©) Smallleaves (D) Thorns: Which of the following functions are performed by arib? 1. Bloodtormation I. Protection HL, Locomne IV. Support (A) Landtonly (B) Land 1Vonly (©) Wandittonly 9) Mand LV only (0120701042008 : —— ‘The! puupan skeleton conbesividedisioywe “S parts, theaxial skeleton and theappendicutar skeleton. Whichrowinthetable groupsbonws comectly? ‘Axial skeleton rtebral column ‘Skull, vertebral. column, pelvic gird Vertebral column, ribs, skull Humerus, femur, pelvic girdl colunm, ribs Which of the following types of lens will correct short sightedness? »() ( ® © nw -— YN GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE32, 34. Which ofthe followingisNOT involved inthe reflex action ofthe body knownasthe knee- jerkcreflex? (A) Spinateord (8) Motorneurone (©) Sensoryneurone (0) Brain Items 33-34 refer to the diagram of the vertebra below. What type of vertebra is represented? (A) Cervical (8) Lumbar (©) Thoracic (D) Sacral The structure labelled I allows for the passage of (A) blood vessels (B) peripheral nerves (©) spinal cord (D) synovial fluid 35. 36. ‘The following reactions all take place in the skin, 1. Blood vesselsdilateand constrict I. Glandsproduce sweat. IIL Hairerectormusclescontract. ‘These functions relate to the skin's role as an organ for (A) mechanical protection only (B)__ body temperature control only (C) both body temperature control and sensitivity to the surroundings (@) mechanical protection, body temperature control and sensitivity tothe surroundings The eye is sometimes referred to as an effector organ because (A) the pupil constricts in the presence of bright ight (B) _therodsand cones are stimulated by light (C)__ images which fall on the retina are senttothe brain (D) neurones from the eye lead to the central nervous system ‘The diagram below represents the growth curve of a culture of yeast cells. Which section of the graph shows the MOST rapid rate of growth? No. of cells (40 000) © () @) (ay, -8- tems 38 -39 referto the following information. The table below givesthe glucose content of 5 cm’ samples of blood taken from ten adult patients who | were having this test for the first {ime. Patients were requested not to eat for 12 hours prior to the collection ofthe sample. The resultzofthe (esi confirmed that two patients had high glucose levels in the blood, while the blood glucose level was considered within normal limits forthe other patients. Blood glucose ~"T Biood gtucose content i content in mmoVlitre Patient mmoVlitre 1 40 6 18.0 2 65 7 60 3 11s 8 65 4 35 9 40 3 5.0 10 52 38. Thenormalrangeofglucoseinthe bloodis 39.‘ Thetwopatients MOSTlikely suffer MOSTIikely (A) 3.5t0 18.0 (B) 3.St0 11.5 (© 3.510 6.5 (D) — 3.5t0 4.0 01207010/F 2008 og.fiom diabetes (high blood glucose) are (A) Bands (B) 3and6 (© — 2and6 (BD) 2and3 Therepreduction of amoeba by.binary fission isan example of asexual reproduction because (A) (By © © the cytoplasm is divided into two equal halves two offspring are produced by one parent Ahenucteus divides by mitosis the nucleus is not involved in the cell division GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,-9- tte _42.refer to the following diagrams showing events that occur in the ovary dur- ing the menstrual eyele, E @) (ay (B) 4 CS S Va 44. © ©) In answering items 41 -42, match each item with one of the options above. Each option may be used once, more than one or not at all. 41. Ovulation 45. 42. Development of corpus huteum ems 43-44 refer to the following diagram which shows part of a flower enclosed ina cloth bag, as part of an investigation being carried out on reproduction in plants. ‘Theclothbag wouldNOTprevent (A) windpolfination (B) —_crossfertilization (©) selffentilization (D) _ insectpoltination Tobeeftective in controllinghowthe gametes ‘meet, the bag should be put in place (A) __afterpollinationbutbefore fertilization (8) _beforepollination and fertilization (©) afterfertitizationand pollination (D) _beforepollinationbutafter fertilization Ina particular plant, red and white flower- colour show co-dominance. If two heterozygous (pink) flowers are crossed, the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring is, (A) allpink (B) red: 1 white © 3red: | white ©) Tred: 2 pink: 1 white46. 47. a8. 49. Which of the following is an example of = 10- continuous variation inhumans? (A) Sex/gender (8) Tonguerolling (© Bloodgroups (D) — Adultheights Natural selection differs from artificial selection because a) the environment determines the 50. Abryophyllum leaf, isolated from the parent plant, will generate new plants as seen below. New plants Ze Leaf detached from parent pl individual with the beneficial trait (B) the environment determines the beneficial characteristics (C)__itisastower process (D) _ itinvolves non-random mating It n 48 refers to the following diagram of the cross-section of a fiuit of an unknown plant found on the shore ofa swamp. Bt Edible seed Air spaces Poisonous skin Which ofthe following is MOST likely the method ofdispersal? (A) Animal (8) Water (© Wind (D) Mechanical 52. Itz diploid organism has two different alleles for the same gene, itis described as being Which of the following is NOT a feature of this type of reproduction? (A) Plantsare generated quickly. (B) _Thenew plants show great variety. (©) __Itisacheap way to obtain plants. (D) One plant can generate hundreds of new plants, Which of the following statements are true about natural selection? 1. ‘Theres variation in the population I There are more offspring than parents, IL, Betteradapted organisinssurvive end reproduce. IV. Species would not change over tin (A) Landitonly (8) Wand Illonly (©) Land ff only (©) Litand iv Itis possible to change the characteristics of an organism by inserting pieces of DNA (genes) from one or oInd- somes olanother. This process is called (A) toning (A) homozygous (B) recessive (C) dominant (D) heterozygous (B) —_geneticengineering (C) genetic variation (D) artificial selection GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE53. 55. athe Which of the following would NOT contribute tohypertension (high blood pressure)? (A) High salt intake @) — Oldage © Regular exercise (Dd) Saturated fats in the diet Linmunization is MOST effective in controlling the spread ofa communicable discase if (A) a vaccine is administered t0 an uninfectedindividual (B) _serumisadministeredtoan uninfected individual (© avaccineisadministeredtoaninfected individual (OD) serumisadministered toan infected individual Which of the following. are direct consequences of disease in man? 1 Lossofmanhoursand productivity 1. Lossof humanlite IIL, Lossoflivestockand crops (A) Land ttonly (B) Land !Ilonly (©) MandItonly (D) 1. Mand itt 57. ‘The graph below represents the antibody level ‘of two individuals, X and Y, who are infected atthe same time with the same pathogen. Antiboay x Tevet in blood/arbiteary tt y t Time/days © Key O-Time a infection ‘The graph indicates that (A) neither X_nor ¥ will ever be sick again (B) —_X has been vaccinated against this disease but not Y (©) Yhas fewer white blood cells than X () _ Y previously had the disease but not x Theterm ‘habitat’ refersto (A) anarea where several organisms live (8) theareain which aparticularorganism lives (© thebiological characteristies of an area (D) _thephysical characteristic ofan areatent 58 refers to the diagram below showing four s Mixture of sand — hummus 58. Inwhich soil sample will a crop of lettuce grow BEST? a2) 1 mixture of nuns and eey 1— 1ock COOQOIG— Mixture of ——f humus, clay and sand Rock ———} Jars worms (A) 1 () ou © mW (D) IV 59. Whichofthe followingarereasonstoreturn 60. Which of the following is NOT an a glassbottles? ML IV. A) (B) «) ) Ik YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WURK ON THIS T! Glassisa non-renewable resource. Recycling glass lowers production cost. Raw materials are renewable The energy used in bottle mnakingis nnon-polluting, Hand il onty Land IV only Hand Il only Uland IV only 01207010/F 2008 pollutant? (A) Carbondioxide ®) Lead (©) Sulphurdi (D) Nitrogen