10 Steps to TOEFLessa & 50 Model Essays eh SGN GGSt Siglas 10 hboitl y lind Lux iged Ytie SO By Akram A. Mo’men TOEFL® isa registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS, which doas not endorse this bookMo’men , Akram. 10 Steps to Toefl Essay & 50 Model Essays = jicuel 68 JLat! 2108) Sigles Byte Com bged Vide quads Jagitl / By Akram A. Mo’men.- | si ed.» Cairo: Dar EL Talae For Publishing and Distributing , 2006 160 P.; 17 24 em. ISBN 977-277-434-8 1- English Essays - Study and Teaching 2. English Language - Study and Teaching Dewey / 824.07 aaa agi pitt pala pans Bree ~ eb geri ne ght (ET uOAS Ae pa a (Ro QNPAIE VEER Gp tat Web site : wrw.oltolue.cam E-wail:iafo@altolae.com ELD ena dyin gee Dap An nla AEB Lae Sh glen = ORL ha ga all iy aly: BAS 0 Fp ofS Ap) canta AMAA nema VReN04 ASI T1011 Raa Aaa punt ana nal spall Ayal Aina ep Lain pl er pia ig i (otc i EON yD ETOTET = ATONVAL ll LOT BYTOM. 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Xe peey cancel placid PSs A) Sesdl Sy yal SSN lial! do flab le Stee ye see Gots coll ich mt 4 pS akram_momen@hotmail.comUNIT ONE 10 STEPS TO TOEFL ESSAY hbgdd! JLtis AS Cipla jit yee OK Oo The Structure of an Essay : An essay consists of three main parts: an introduction, a body and a conclusion. Each part can contain more than a paragraph. In a TOEFL essay, it is better for you to write an introduction, which has one paragraph, and the conclusion is the same. The body can be consisted of three paragraphs or more, Lk pee ja Sy Kay yiny Racke Ayal y ol jal 42D yo Meal 5 St detaly Sh gl LS Sli hy ih a 8h oe SO) Sy BERN 2 Ga gp Sie fl Sad Gud LI ca iis y saat oy pe Ee Lk, ce fl AS J St gb 2G ye 1. Introduction : You should use the introduction to provide background. information about the main subject of the essay. Identify the relevant problems or issues, and take the reader step by step to an understanding of why the specific focus of this essay is relevant to that subject. eet Ee gall Se Sle glee ts st cle! pf Metha p25 5! cay etn ts MAD Lane 55 Lynd y ADL ONS She gute gall y Libcoall sca. fll vAlaes € getn.ge glee Slall iS ae aie 5An introduction usually ends with a statement. This statement tells the reader specifically what point you are going to prove in your essay. BANS yee Lee fg Na st ag obey ly yak Adee Sale Retell agit Abe His pay Ulla 2, Body In the body, you are providing information and arguments that should follow logically from the point expressed in your focal statement and should support it consistently throughout the essay. ge Ahead Lae ibaa 6 CL ile glk asd (Cal) & pinged Glee Gay eked JG yd pb le glee Gye ay Fell Va gig Aasatls @ pl Aaa Epes che The body is made up of some paragraphs. Each paragraph begins with a topic sentence. This topic sentence also provides a link not only to the previous paragraph but also to the focal statement of the essay, identifying how this information contributes to the stand you've taken, The topic sentence of each paragraph is then developed with sentences that may provide examples, details or evidence. Bp Bi ow La 3 gay ek lee Las Sy ab oe he St SS Egat gall Les 5 itl da Sed LS hgh aL 9 GU Sh gD pt g pe gdly lee Bop sll Sle gleal bli} (cae deal ote patsy cet) ae Be ch peels igh Udell ode ¢ ld welds Gd ol ad Us YL, Squslall y LAY poy (5_jilll dea JS A concluding sentence for each paragraph may also be provided to tie the information togethet and remind the reader of how it relates to the focus of the essay. Sai NS Si ally ba Ng ke gle ces dhe ats bans 2 5d IS (yg Tal can NG gata alls Dla tg Ja 63. Conclusion : The conclusion often begins with a restatement of the focal staternent. It summarizes the main points of the supporting paragraphs, and ends with a conclusion about how the topic relates to the general issue described in the introduction, REN yey Shad dye YL al Ulead S3 dale ble Lakall ios Re ie Ali Ade ith y MLD Cl alll 68 5p gSkall Gags lal Aashall 85) Sash Zauu8 jh § Sil, ISS & pte gall The general rule is that no new information should be brought into the conclusion: everything in the conclusion shouid logically follow from the information provided to the reader in the essay. FAT apm pe tet SS Se LaLa (gd Satie La gles gl pai VE Gel on Jal) alee ig fill Walia 50) Ciba gle ye Lilie eau gH at In an essay, a reader doesn't want to be introduced in the conclusion to a major piece of information, which wasn't even discussed in the body of the essay. Re pd la heal ps aga Ss Letts Gf Ce Lill Gas 'Y Slat gel pb ued eSti ales gh 36 pl legless By « Slit eek10 Steps to TOEFL Essay 1- READ THE ESSAY TOPIC ; + Qld & guage | ats ‘You must read the essay topic to know what the topic asks you to do. You should know how to address the writing task. If you write on another topic, you will receive a 0. Pay attention to the task. Qs GS as of AN tS Hike Get ia Te p pagal [Lat of ov beite op Sa8) pal p pin ge ob Cus, padill US! 1S og paz yal Epa yall aes Cal y a ASS Lee | pikes a (As lal & gute al ee ERE 2- IDENTIFY THE TASK : 2 dlhall g gh aaa —¥ There are four essay types on the TOEFL. They are : 1 hy GV le pice Ye gl sil day J so MA Making an argument Epes OBL AD Agree or disagree © ya tat al ils a PR Stating a preference £ Suni Legs EX Giving an explanation weed You must know how to recognize the task and how to deal with it. AS AS sant Gy dame Ca glbaall £ pain gall Gh yd of else Gioay : ABadle ce J) Baltal ie Tae es gpg Lay Lente: alll ey YT aoe Li any Gly See by I bah Sas of le 5 cad UES lo coment Age gt bts oS ales Vy hy San kK 83- Write the thesis : Ayogi 3 Sil) Wasi Every essay must have a thesis. It must be stated clearly in the introduction of the essay. A thesis statement must be focused on the topic and helps the reader to understand what you want to say. Fae 5 SAN SG) ny Me JS hs 5 5 3 Hy GS AY Ag mensi oll 6 Sal pate 5 sill dead 58 5b) map LS. Sliall Lele 63 x getags wl sii Le pep Ae is lall Sasi aka 4- Make notes about the general ideas eas SHY) ye otal Waist - Writing notes can help you to organize your thoughts before you write. The task is easy and logical. You must have an opinion about the subject. This opinion is the thesis of your essay. Organize your notes in whatever suitable way. ets Clad as of Jd isd a se tas aaa LS gm ph Nok y AiSS 53 t msl A sls 0B a Sa oT iad cgay See will Qualls Unaad diy pbs gl) Tuas 89 og ge pall Quagt l 5_Sal ee 5- Expand your notes to include details : ASI Gpalis Jats Susy etilliadts ¢ yt) -0 It_ is recommended to have three general ideas in each essay and two supporting details per general idea at least. DS cose si fly sal gt lil gi ite dat, sth 0 ob as Gl thea AJB cle Submit Qullig igi 5G ee RH6- Write the topic sentence of each paragraph : Gib SS) Aeatat) Aa) Adee Qs) — 5 A topic sentence tells the reader what a paragraph will be about. It can introduce a paragraph or summarize it. So, it can be at the beginning, the middle, or the end of a paragraph. Fp Say hit gga ya Ge is ill aS ll gt 3 Ail gd Raed ae ob Lal Soh os aad ty Ga tS jaill Lakes pac cla jal jf Gaus ‘Deciding the topic sentences is important. If you write a topic sentence for each of the general ideas in your essay, you will have 3-5 sentences. These sentences are the topic sentences of the essay. If you think about the topic sentenee of each paragraph, you will be able to write more quickly. SES Sys Saad plan es TH lag pla ug I Jaa aaa gf tant ode y fan OM cya Le hid oy Sis calllés Cpt gies cil doled! [sah Aten LS gh Kb y Men JEN 5 fd Coan ES all Sut ol eal a Ae jay UGS gle 18 Gy Ss chase Lady ek ke 7- Write the Introduction : 2 Qa Aas ie Cast -¥ You need two things to write a good introduction. They are: 1- to have an opinion on the topic. 2- to have topic sentences for each of the paragraphs. Your opinion tells the reader what you-think about the subject; the summary of topic sentences will guide the reader through your essay. b Lah y sotam ede COST cyind .o) etis exes ad gl usd -3 Sal 4 6 sii Late SST poms Tat) Man ASG SV sy Any gD dag Godley g pag ola ati Le ill pty as welling dio [pay wages Le ll Le lll 10