Introduction
While
performing
various
activities,
muscles
in
your
body
contract.
Muscle
contraction
requires
energy.
The
energy
is
obtained
from
cellular
respiration.
Carbon
dioxide
is
a
waste
product
and
is
carried
by
the
blood
to
the
lungs
to
be
exhaled.
Would
an
increase
in
muscular
activity,
such
as
running,
create
an
increased
energy
demand
on
muscles?
If
that
happens
would
there
be
a
corresponding
increase
in
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
produced
and
exhaled?
Carbon
dioxide
is
a
gas
that
easily
combines
with
water.
You
can
dissolve
carbon
dioxide
by
bubbling
through
it.
When
dissolved
it
forms
a
weak
acid.
Adding
an
indicator
can
then
test
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
water.
PHENOLPHTHALEIN
IS
AN
INDICATOR
THAT
IS
COLORLESS
IN
ACIDIC
CONDITIONS
BUT
TURNS
PINK
IN
NEUTRAL
AND
BASIC
CONDITIONS.
Sodium
hydroxide
is
a
base
that
can
neutralize
the
acid
and
then
the
indicator
turns
pink.
The
more
drops
of
NaOH
needed
to
turn
the
water
pink,
the
more
carbon
dioxide
there
is
in
the
water.
You
will
use
the
number
of
drops
of
NaOH
needed
to
neutralize
the
water
as
an
indication
of
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
you
exhale.
This
technique
is
called
titration.
Purpose:
To
observe
if
an
increase
in
activity
will
result
in
an
increase
of
carbon
dioxide
exhaled.
Hypothesis::
Read
the
introduction
and
the
lab
and
write
your
own
Materials
for
each
group:
Safety
goggles
NaOH
in
dropper
bottles
Graduated
cylinder
Phenolphthalein
(phenol)
in
dropper
bottles
2
Erlenmeyer
flasks
1
soda
straw
1
beaker
(water
supply)
1
piece
of
white
paper
Timer
Procedure:
1.
Measure
100ml
of
water
and
transfer
to
a
flask.
Add
5
drops
of
the
indicator
phenol.
Hold
it
up
to
the
white
paper.
If
there
is
a
pink
color,
the
water
sample
contains
no
carbon
dioxide.
Save
this
and
use
it
as
a
control
for
the
“standard
pinkness”
for
the
rest
of
the
lab.
If
there
is
no
change
in
color,
the
water
already
has
dissolved
carbon
dioxide
in
it.
To
find
out
how
much,
add
NaOH
drop
by
drop,
counting
each
drop
carefully
as
you
add
them.
Stir
continuously
(swirl
the
flask).
Stop
when
the
flask
turns
A
LIGHT
pink
color
and
the
water
remains
pink
for
at
least
15
sec.
Record
the
number
of
drops.
Set
this
water
aside.
This
is
your
control.
2.
Measure
100
ml
of
water
into
the
second
flask
and
again
add
5
drops
of
phenol.
Choose
one
person
as
the
guinea
pi-‐
uh
subject.
Have
the
subject
sit
quietly
for
2
minutes.
Put
a
soda
straw
in
the
water
and
steadily
bubble
air
from
your
lungs
through
the
water
for
10
sec.
Add
enough
NaOH
drop
by
drop
as
you
did
before
till
you
get
a
pink
color
that
matches
your
control.
Record
the
number
of
drops
in
the
data
table.
Drain
and
rinse
the
flask
3.
Set
up
the
clean
flask
again
with
water
and
5
drops
of
phenol.
Repeat
procedure
after
STANDING
for
2
minutes.
After
the
2
minutes,
the
subject
will
blow
again
into
the
water
for
10
sec.
Record
the
number
of
drops
of
NaOH
needed
to
turn
the
water
pink.
4.
Repeat
procedure
after
mild
exercise
such
as
walking
for
2
minutes.
5.
Repeat
procedure
with
2
minutes
of
strenuous
exercise
for
2
minutes
such
as
running
or
jumping
jacks.
6.
Lastly
repeat
procedure
with
sitting
quietly
for
2
minutes.
7.
Type
in
your
data
on
the
class
data
table
that
you
can
share
on
googledocs.
Data
Table:
Activity
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
Control
Sitting
Standing
Walking
Strenuous
exercise
Recovery
Analysis:
Draw
two
bar
graphs.
One
for
your
group
data
and
one
for
the
class
data.
Be
sure
to
color
code
and
have
a
key
for
the
data.
Write
the
question
and
then
write
the
answer.
Use
your
group
data
as
well
as
the
class
data
as
a
comparison
to
answer
the
questions
below.
1.
Compared
with
your
normal
breathing
rate
at
rest,
what
happened
to
your
breathing
rate
after
exercise?
2.
Why
would
your
breathing
rate
change
after
exercise?
3.
Were
your
results
the
same
as
those
of
your
classmates?
What
might
account
for
the
differences?
4.
What
effect
does
exercise
have
on
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
released
from
the
lungs?
5.
In
any
of
the
above
data,
was
anaerobic
respiration
achieved?
If
so,
how
do
you
know?
Why
did
they
switch?
What
was
produced
during
anaerobic
respiration?
Conclusion:
Was
your
hypothesis
supported?
Explain.
Compare
and
contrast
your
group
data
with
other
groups
data.
Do
error
analysis.