What are Technical Textiles? Manufactured primarily for aesthetic or decorative purpose Fiber (natural or synthetic) is usually first Spun into Yarn and then Yarn is Woven / Knit into Fabric + Manufactured primarily for performance or function rather than aesthetics + May be both woven and non woven, and is made out of primarily synthetic and some natural fibersDifferent fibers which are used in making technical textiles are as follows: > Natural Fibers. > Viscose rayon > Polyamide and Polyester. > Polyolefins > High performance fibers.Natural Fibers Cotton, flax, jute and sisal > have been used, but their characteristic properties such as relatively heavy weight, limited resistance to water and microbial/fungal attack as well as poor flame retardency,makes them not very attractive fibre. > Wool proves far less versatile and economical for most industrial applications, although it is still valued for its insulating and flame\ retardency properties. > Silkis mainly used for surgical suture threads.Viscous rayon: > Viscous rayon was used as re-enforcement material for tyres, drive belts, conveyers, and hoses etc. > Because of its high uniformity, tenacity, modulus and good temperature resistance and absorbency, this material is widely used for disposable cleaning and hygiene products.Polyamide and Polyester Polyamide and Polyester fiber has high strength, good abrasion resistance, good elasticity, uniformity, good moisture resistance properties. These are very suitable for making climbing ropes, parachute fabric and sails. Polyolefins Polypropylene fibers because of its low cost, low density, good abrasion and moisture resistant properties has gained a big market specially for sacks, bags, packaging, carpet packing, furniture linings, ropes and netting. Polypropylene has benefited from a growing appreciation of the important role that moisture wickening can play in hygiene applications such as cover stock for diapers.High performance fibers > Apart from the above mentioned conventional fibers, a ran ge of speciallity fibers are also available such as carbon fiber, Aramids(meta and para), Phenolic fibre, PBI polybenzimidazole, HMPE high modulus polyethylene, PTFE Polytetraflouroethylene, PPS polyphenylene sulphide, PEEK polyethyletherketone.Glass and ceramic fibers.TYPES OF TECHNICAL TEXTILE > Agrotech: Agriculture, aquaculture and forestry. > Buildtech:Building and construction. > Clothtech:Technical components of footwear and clothing. > Geotech:Geotextiles and civil engineering. > Hometech:Technical components of furniture, household textil es and floor coverings. > Indutech:Filtration, conveying, cleaning and other industrial. > Medtech:Hygiene and medical. > Mobiltech:Automobiles, shipping, railways and aerospace. > Oekotech:Environmental protection. > Packtech:Packaging. Protech:Personal and property protection. > > Sporttech:Sport and leisure.1. Agrotech Textiles used in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming and fishing + Provide protection against frost, TTC RRS DORSETT EEN TIE Provide protection against weeds and pe: Accelerate plant growth BANG CMe ritenreV Reel Neon temperature regulation Sunscreens, bird protection nets, Pym teCem ere asc nto ecm! eee rte arma Cog sriculture produc2. Buildtech Hee NB eyes ears CRU Cerne nan Se emeomntart OMe BTS ELC Ro reece T Canopies pedi ae eMC Crs nity a a eet een sr ttm ete3. Clothtech Functional (and largely hidden) components of clothing and footwear such as interlinings, sewing thread, insulating fibrefill and waddings. It includes the most promising field/future of textiles “SMART TEXTILES”. Electronics embedded on garments i.e. wearable electronics.4. Geotech As implied from the name Geo 3 - textiles are the textiles which work * Construction of bridges, dams, in contact with Earth’s basic roads, railways and paths as well MotntonctiselMcye Cmca as embankments and sub-sea stal engineering project: CRT) ToC eM SLED LE TCE TINS RCoyey-TeTaCOD at or below ground level.5. Hometech (Otneyn nets a Sloraesl tt6. Indutech Separating and purifying industrial products COE iesec een Leola Transporting materials between. 1s PNA OTe CB COMETS hY sheets and other coated products. Common materials can’t withstand such temperatures without melting.7. Medtech ‘Absorbents, Bandages: Plaster of Paris Bandage, orthopedics bandage, crepe Bandage, etc. Protective eye pads, Adhesive tapes, Wipes, Surgical gowns, Artificial kidney, Artificial liver, Artificial heart, Mechanical lungMedical Textiles Medical textiles are related to medical , related health care and hygiene sector. Medical textiles are combination of strength, flexibility and sometimes moisture and air permeability; they can be of monofilament, multifilament, woven, knitted and non woven fabrics. These materials can be categorized into four areas of application such as: Nonimplantable materials- wound dressing, bandages, plastersetc. Extracorporeal devices-Artificial kidney, liver and lungs. Implantable materials- sutures, vascular grafts, artificialligaments, artificial joints, etc. Health care hygiene products- bedding, clothing, surgical gowns, cloth wipes ete.8. Mobiltech Seat covers, seat belts, car carpets, air bags, tyre cord, composite panels9. Oekotech > Textiles for environmental protection. Y Used effectively against oil spillages in coastal areas or in open oceans or seas, separates water rand oil(otherwise it is harmful to ecosystem) Cigarette filters are non woven textile materials. >These filters filter the tar and nicotine.10. Packtech Bags Sacks Flexible Intermediate Bulk Carriers (FIBCs) wrappings for textile bales and carpets Tea bags and other food and industrial product wrappings.V VVVVVYV 11. Protech Clothing against heat and flame Bullet proof jackets, “emt and Clothing against mechanical impacts special bo Fire men’s protective clothing Clothing against cold Clothing against foul weather Clothing against chemical substances (gas liquids, particles) Clothing against radio active contamination12. Sporttech A fiber named Cool max remains cool even at 50°C. It is used in making track suits for y Hf sportsmen and women. ZY)E-Textiles » Smart/interactive textiles (SIT) are materials and structures that sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli, such as those from mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic or other sources. Trigger or The sensors provide a nerve Stimuli system to detect signals The processor analyzes an evaluates the signals Response The actuators act upon the detected <—— and evaluated signal either directly or or Action from a central control unitApplications of Nanotechnology In Military Science: > Military uniforms that change color to match the environment > Light weight bullet-proof vests“Poof” Where’d They Go? Scientists are manipulating light so soldiers seem to disappear. Scientists are also working on “electrochromic camouflage" — fabric which changes colors Tee Tummy M Mim) surroundings.Global Positioning System-GPS > Textiles integrated with sensory devices driven by a GPS can detect a user’s exact location anytime and in any weather. > Interactive electronic textiles with integrated GPS enhance safety by quickly locating the wearer and allowing the suit to be heated. > GPS can provide added safety for firefighters and emergency personnel by facilitating offsite monitoring of vitals.Warning Signaling > Acombination of sensors and small flexible light emitting displays \(FLED) can receive and respond to stimuli from the body, enabling a warning signal to be displayed or sent. > The sensors can monitor heart rate, respiration, and temperature. > If vital signals were below critical values, a FLED would automatically display, for example, a flashing red light, and a wireless communication system could send a distress signal to a remote location.Wearable As fashion and technology converge, SOFTswitch is providing the enabling fabric interfaces to allow electronics to function within clothing. From wearable audio and computing to mobile phones and personal healthcare SOFTswitch enables the portability and softening of traditionally large hard plastic devices. Employing wireless connectivity SOFTswitch enabled clothing can also interact remotely with electronic devices in your home, car or workplace. SOFTswitch”