medical

instrumentation
Topic:
Hematology analyzer(3
and 5 part)

Presented by: Hafiz waqas munir

18501
Contents

Introduction
Types
Parameter
Components
Principle(3 part and 5 part)
results
Comparison
Advantage disadvantage
History

Wallace coulter presented first automated analyzer

for counting and sizing the cells 1956
Hematology analyzer

 Specialized automated system that count leucocytes,

red cell, and platelets also determine hemoglobin and
hematocrit level in blood sample.
 Types

Semi Fully
automated automated
Parameter on CBC analyzer

Hematological Derived Histograms

parameter parameter
• RBC, Hb, Hct •MCV,
• WBC(3part/5 MCH,MCHC
part) RDW
• platelets
Working Principle

Electrical impedance
Flow cytometry
Optical Light scatter
Use of florescent dye
 3 part hematology analyzer

 It measure and count the RBC,

WBC(3 part including
lymphocytes, monocyte,
granulocyte) and platelet on
the bases of their size by
electrical impedance method.
 Example:URIT-3000plus
Working principle of
3 part
Electrical impedance method

 Cell counting and sizing by Detection and measurement of

changes in electrical impedance.

 which produced by blood cell as it passed through an

electrical field.

 Blood cell are poor conductive of electricity

 2 chamber filled with conductive buffered electrolyte

solution.
 DC current is generated between two electrolytes.
 Cell pass through aperture flow of current is impeded
and voltage pulse is generated.
 No of pulse = no of cell
 Height =volume of cell
5 part hematology analyzer

 RBC count
 WBC(5 part including
lymphocyte, monocytes
granulocyte, basophil,
eosinophil by flow
cytometery method
 Mean cell volume
 Example: Bayer H series
adiva
Working principle of
5 part
Flow cytometry

 Each cell flows in a single line through laser light

beam.
 Laser light beam strikes a cell, it scattered in various
direction
 Photo detector capture the light
 Forward scatter light is to cell size
 Side scatter is corresponds to nuclear complexity and
granularity of cytoplasm
Component

Flow Optical Electronic Computer

system system system system
2)Optical light scatter
Data presentation
 Feature 3 part 5 part

principle Electrical impedance Flow cytometery

Feature 3 part 5Eg; Sysmex-XE, abott cell
part
dyn

principle
Cell count Electrical impedance
Classify the WBC into Flow cytometery
Neutrophils, lymphocyte,
lymphocyte, granulocyte, Eg; Sysmex-XE,
monocyte, abott cell
eosinophil's,
monocyte dyn
basophils
Cell count Classify the WBC into Neutrophils, lymphocyte,
lymphocyte, granulocyte, monocyte, eosinophil's,
No of reagents 2 to 3
monocyte 5 to 15
basophils
No of reagents 2 to 3 5 to 15

Cost
Cost cheap
cheap expensive
expensive
 3 part 5 part

End user maintenance simple complicated

Size smaller larger

Dilution no yes

mixer No yes
feature 3 part 5 part

Cost per test 20 to 30 50 to 75

Advantage

 Speed with efficient

handling of large sample.
 Good accuracy.
 Performed multiple test
on single platform.
Disadvantage

 Red cell morphology cannot

be generated.
 Platelet clumps are counted as
single so low count.
 Expensive with high running
costs