ECE 462 Object-Oriented Programming Using C++ and Java Graphical User Interface

ECE 462
Object-Oriented Programming
using C++ and Java
Graphical User Interface
Yung-Hsiang Lu
yunglu@purdue.edu
YHL Graphical User Interface 1

GUI using C++ / Qt

Qt + Eclipse

Path Setting
(if there are problems)

Qt\bin and MinGW\bin should be in the path

Qt Widget Box

Signals and Slots
i.e. events and handlers

Default Parameter Values

Default Parameter Values in C++
• always start from the last parameter

func1(int x, int y, int z = 0) ...
func1(int x, int y = 1, int z = 0) ...
func1(int x = 2, int y = 1, int z = 0) ...
⇒ func1(1,2,3) means x = 1, y = 2, z = 3
⇒ func1(4, 5) means x = 4, y = 5, z = 0
⇒ func1(6) means x = 6, y = 1, z = 0
⇒ func1() means x = 2, y = 1, z = 0
• cannot skip any parameter (otherwise, ambiguous)
func1(int x = 2, int y, int z = 0) ...
⇒ what does func1(3, 4) mean?

Graphical User Interface (GUI)
• Most GUIs are built using OOP because OOP is a

natural way to support GUI.
• GUI has "containers", such as QWidget, that can include
buttons, labels, scrollbars ...
• When the widget is redrawn (restore from minimized,
maximized, or content update), the frame asks each
component to redraw itself.
• Each object knows how to redraw itself because
paintEvent(C++ / Qt) or paintComponent (Java) is
overridden.

GUI using Java

JFrame is a derived
class of Container

many derived classes

Derived classes
override paintComponent

JFrame
similar to QWidget

add components
from the palette
A frame may contain many objects,

such as buttons, labels, scrollbar ...

The objects are contained
in the NewJFrame class

The objects are created by using new.
Netbeans creates initComponent.
Do not modify it.

Handle User Actions

Handle Button Click
Events
Action
Action Performed

Handle Scrollbar Events
Events
Change
State Changed

JSlider default range is 0 - 100

Handle Mouse Motion
Events
Mouse Motion
MouseMoved

Self Test

ECE 462
using C++ and Java
Qt Signals and Slots
Yung-Hsiang Lu
yunglu@purdue.edu
YHL Qt Signals and Slots 1

Write Qt Programs without Eclipse
(still Eclipse for version control)
A better way to know how it works.
Many examples are obtained by modified Qt

samples. Copyright Trolltech.

Qt Examples

Simple Example
Vertical Layout

Create Qt Executable
1. qmake -project
2. qmake
3. make
• This works for both Linux and Windows.

derived class of QWidget
macro to enable signals and slots
default value of the parent widget

this includes many Qt classes
window's title vertical layout
add a button
add a label
add a slider

GUI and OOP
vbox->addWidget(button1);
vbox->addWidget(label1);
vbox->addWidget(edit1);
vbox->addWidget(slider1);
• These are objects of different classes.
• These classes are derived class of QWidget.
• If a function requires an object of QWidget, the function
can be called with an object of QLabel.
• Any QLabel object is also a QWidget object (wrong in
the other direction).

QPushButton, QLineEdit, and
QSlider all inherit QWidget

Now, you should understand why
GUI is often built with OOP.

Eclipse + Emacs
use the version control in Eclipse

edit code using Emacs

not the default
workspace

do not build
automatically

do not commit Makefile

Add Slots and Connect Signals

add private functions (slots)
make the objects attributes

because they are used in
multiple functions
CVS version number
shown in emacs

objects

Draw Geometric Shapes

new object

new object

draw rectangle

draw circle

draw text

Handle Mouse Event

called when mouse moves
does not have to use
connect function

Collision Detection

detect collision
with the boundary
(static values)

Timer Update

Memory Management
What is created by new should be destroyed

by delete.

Qt and Valgrind
Valgrind and Qt do not work well together.
Fortunately, we can follow a simple rule for

memory management.

Delete every object
that is created by new.

Self Test

ECE 462
using C++ and Java
Java Events and Handlers
Yung-Hsiang Lu
yunglu@purdue.edu
YHL Java Events and Handlers 1

add one button and two labels

change the text

Add a Derived Class of JPanel

Handle Mouse Event

Shrink the Panel

Add Timer

Format String

Start and Pause

Add JPanel to Contain
Button and Labels

Self Test

ECE 462
using C++ and Java
Array
Yung-Hsiang Lu
yunglu@purdue.edu
YHL Array 1
Array
Java C++
int [] dataArray = new int[4]; int * dataArray = new int[4];

dataArray[2] = 7; dataArray[2] = 7;
// Java uses garbage collection delete [] dataArray; // use []
// start from [0] // same
User [] usrList = new User[10]; User * usrList = new User[10];
// int dataarray[8] ⇒ error int dataArray[8];
// Java arrays know their lengths // not for C++
dataArray.length;
YHL Array 2
Java Array
YHL Array 3
Array of int
YHL Array 4
YHL Array 5
Array of Objects
YHL Array 6
YHL Array 7
YHL Array 8
Person [] personArray = new Person[8];
personArray[index] = new Person (...)

Peter, 5

Lisa, 12
YHL Array 9
C++ Array
YHL Array 10
Array of int
YHL Array 11
YHL Array 12
Array of Objects
YHL Array 13
YHL Array 14
YHL Array 15
YHL Array 16
YHL Array 17
Person * * personArray = new Person* [arraySize];

Peter, 5

Lisa, 12
YHL Array 18
Objects Contain Arrays
YHL Array 19
Java
YHL Array 20
YHL Array 21
YHL Array 22
C++
YHL Array 23
need another attribute to store the
number of elements in the array
YHL Array 24
YHL Array 25
YHL Array 26
delete without []
(because it is not an array)
YHL Array 27
Self Test
YHL Array 28

ECE 462 Object-Oriented Programming Using C++ and Java Graphical User Interface

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ECE 462

Graphical User Interface

YHL Graphical User Interface 1

YHL Graphical User Interface 2

YHL Graphical User Interface 3

YHL Graphical User Interface 14

YHL Graphical User Interface 18

YHL Graphical User Interface 23

i.e. events and handlers

YHL Graphical User Interface 35

YHL Graphical User Interface 55

• always start from the last parameter

YHL Graphical User Interface 56

• Most GUIs are built using OOP because OOP is a

YHL Graphical User Interface 57

YHL Graphical User Interface 58

YHL Graphical User Interface 59

YHL Graphical User Interface 61

YHL Graphical User Interface 62

YHL Graphical User Interface 63

A frame may contain many objects,

YHL Graphical User Interface 64

YHL Graphical User Interface 65

YHL Graphical User Interface 66

YHL Graphical User Interface 67

YHL Graphical User Interface 68

YHL Graphical User Interface 71

YHL Graphical User Interface 76

YHL Graphical User Interface 77

YHL Graphical User Interface 80

Qt Signals and Slots

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 1

A better way to know how it works.

Many examples are obtained by modified Qt

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 2

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 3

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 7

• This works for both Linux and Windows.

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 12

macro to enable signals and slots

default value of the parent widget

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 18

window's title vertical layout

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 19

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 20

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 25

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 31

use the version control in Eclipse

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 32

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 35

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 36

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 40

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 41

make the objects attributes

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 42

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 43

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 52

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 53

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 54

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 57

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 58

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 59

YHL Qt Signals and Slots 61