Name : Desi Novita Dewi Ginting

Npm : 18120046
Group :B
Subject : Curriculume Materi Development

1. (Murdoch and Hornsby, 1997:138 in Australian Ministry of Education,

1998:8).
The term curriculum covers all the arrangements the school makes for the
students’ learning and development. It includes the content of courses, student
activities, teaching approaches, and the way in which teachers and classes are
organized. It also includes decisions of the need for the use of facilities.

2. (Howel and Wolet, 2000:5).

The term curriculum can refer to a variety of things, including the courses taught
in a school, or a program, the documents that list the courses taught, a set of
teaching materials that are organized in some sequence of framework, or a
framework for selecting and organizing learning experiences.

3. (Richards, et.al (1985:70).

Curriculum is an educational program in which it is: (a) the educational purpose
of the program (the ends); (b) the content, teaching procedures and learning
experiences which will be necessary to achieve this purpose (the means); (c) some
means for assessing whether or not the educational ends have been achieved.

4. Brown (1995:19)
Defines curriculum as a series of activities that contribute to the growth of
consensus among the staff, faculty, administration, and students. This series of
curriculum activities will provide a framework that helps teachers to accomplish
whatever combination of teaching activities is most suitable in their professional
judgment for a given situation, that is, a framework that helps the students to learn
as efficiently and effectively as possible in the given situation.
 5. (Dharma, 2008:2).
The National Education System Act (No 20/2003) provides legal framework of
curriculum implemented in Indonesia. The Act defines curriculum as a set of plan
with regard to the objectives, content, and learning materials as well as the
methods employed as guideline in conducting learning activities in order to
achieve the goal of a certain education.
6. Robert M. Hutchins
The definition of curriculum as a subject and subject matter can be found from the
definition put forward by Robert M. Hutchins (1936) which states: The
curriculum should include grammar, reading, the toric and logic, and mathematic
and addition at the secondary level introduce the great books of the western world.
7. Dorris Lee and Murray Lee (1940)
State the curriculum as: Those experience of the child which the school in any
way utilizes or attepts to influence.
8. H.H. Giles S. P, Mc Chutcen and A. N Zechiel
The curriculum is The total experience with which the school deals in educating
young people.
9. Romine (educational figure) 1945
Curriculum interpreted to mean all of the organized courses, activities and
experience which pupils have under direction of school wether in the class room
or not.
10. Hilda Taba (1962):
A curriculum is a plan for learning therefore, whai is know about the learning
process and the development of the individual has bearing on the shaping of the
curriculum
Source :

“Belajarbanyak.blogspot.com(2014,09) Definisi Curriculume Materi

Development Menurut Para Ahli. Diakses pada 24 September 2020, dari
http://belajarbanyack.blogspot.com/2014/09/curriculum-and-material-
development-in.html

“Pengertian Kurikulum Menurut Para Ahli.” Penerbit Bumi Aksara. 2008

https://www.kompasiana.com/ikpj/54ff406ba33311c84c50f853/134-
pengertian-kurikulum-lengkap?page=all