ISLAMIAT FINAL EXAM

SZABIST 30th JANUARY’2020

JAWAD NADEEM
2011224
BBA 1C
SIR TARIQ NAEEM
Q1.
Ans. In the year of 1929 after Einstein's static universe theory, Hubble observed that the light
coming from the stars was bent towards the red part of the spectrum which meant that the
stars were moving away and that the universe was continuously expanding. This concluded that
Einstein’s theory that the universe was static was wrong and he admitted after a few years. The
Holy Quran has already written proof about the universe being continuously expanding.

Q2.
Ans. Everything that happens in this world is being controlled by laws of nature. The same is
considered true of the rise and fall of nations. The Quran It is stated that “He does not change
the condition of the people until they change their condition themselves”. By the word
“people” the Quran talks about the nation or the society and by the word “themselves” the
Quran refers to the individuals. Here the Quran refers to that law of nature which determines
the fate of peoples or the nations. As stated in the law, the destiny of a nation depends of
individuals of which it is composed. If the individuals are good in character then the nation will
also be good but if the individuals are bad in character then the nation will also be considered
bad. The law talks about how to reform a nation or society after deterioration has set in. The
law gives the nation a chance to revert to its good state after being consumed by evil but to
change depends on the individuals which is the only possible way. Another reference in the
Quran is written “Acting upon the books is required”. In this the Quran says that the other
possible way of becoming a good nation is to follow the books given to them by Allah and his
messengers. To act according to the true books is the right path to follow in achieving the point
for making a nation rise rather than fall. Allah will only help those who use the holy books in
their way of life making their nation good but those who do not use the holy books while living
their lives then Allah will not help them and their nation has a chance of falling rather than
rising to become a good nation. Another Quran point is that “If they(believers) get power, they
will establish that what they have been commanded by Allah (SWT) like: establish of Salat,
payment of zakat, enjoin what is good, prohibit what is evil. In this Quranic text, it states that
Those who get land will have to obey the rules given by Allah (SWT) if they desire their land or
nation to rise. For that to happen They will have to pray five times a day according to the
Quran. They will have to pay an accurate amount of charity or zakat. They will have to follow
the rules written in the Quran and preach to what is good and prohibit what is evil. These are
what is needed for the Nation of true believers who will be helped by Allah. Another Quranic
point is “Allah’s promise for rule on earth is unconditional with righteous acts”. This means that
Allah has promised to the righteous individuals to believe and work in the correct path and
Allah will award them land and power as he has given to those who came before them. Allah
will grant the land and power to only those who do not do things which are prohibited then
Allah will not award them with any of the land or power. Only to those who regularly pray, give
charity and obey the messengers will be shown mercy.

Ans 3. The Holy prophet (PBUH) was sent by Allah as his last messenger of Islam. In the Quran is
states that The Holy Prophet was sent to proclaim the truth over all religions. It states that “It is
He who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to manifest it over all
religion, although they who associate others with Allah dislike it”. It means that the holy
Prophet (PBUH) was sent by Allah to perfect the religion and also it was the Holy prophet’s
mission to proclaim Islam as the best option out of the all of the religions due to its perfected
way. There were individuals who did not believe in Islam and associate others with Allah
criticized the religion but it was the prophet (PBUH) who had faced them and defeated them to
make his religion the only way in earning Allah’s mercy. Those who followed the mission of the
Holy prophet were also shown mercy and that is how the prophet proclaimed Islam as the best
religion. Surah 48:28 says “He is the One who has sent His Messenger with Guidance and the
religion of truth, so that He makes it prevail over all religions. And enough is Allah for being a
witness (to His promise)”. The Holy Prophet in his lifetime has completed every single mission
given to him by Allah.
Ans 4. The record of the traditions or sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, revered and received
as a major source of religious law and moral guidance, second only to the authority of the
Quran, the holy book of Islam is known as hadiths. It might be defined as the biography of
Muhammad perpetuated by the long memory of his community for their exemplification and
obedience. The development of Hadith is a vital element during the first three centuries of
Islamic history, and its study provides a broad index to the mind and ethos of Islam. I would like
to the qualities stated in the hadith by the people of Pakistan for the betterment of Islam and
the country as a whole. Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) is the greatest benefactor of humanity
and a source of guidance for all human beings in the world. For example, when people in
Pakistan wear their clothes, they should follow the following: Say bismillah, and say the
following” All praise Allah who has clothed me with this garment and provided it for me, with
no power or might from myself", Then they should start by the right side upon wearing clothes
and upon taking off clothes they should take out from the left side. When meeting people in the
society one should Give Salam/Tasleem (Salutation/Greet) As-Salamu Alaykum, Lengthen the
greeting/Salam “As-salaamu Alaykum wa rahmatullaahi wa barakaatuh (peace and mercy and
blessings of Allah upon you)”. Smile when meeting fellow brother(s) with a cheerful face and
Shake hands of each other. All this is the for the betterment of Islam and the country as this will
to less conflicts in the nation and will show that humanity is still within the country. Prophet
Muhammad (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) said: “Those people who show no mercy will receive
no mercy from Allah”. People in the world of today have become so harsh and unforgiving that
we do not forgive even the slightest mistake of others and never show our affection towards
them. This hadith shows that no matter how pious a Muslim becomes and performs all the
obligations of Islam in the diligent manner, however, if he or she does not show mercy towards
other people, then they will not be liable for mercy from the Lord as well. A Muslim must
realize that if Allah being the Supreme can show mercy on the gravest of sinners, then why can
they forgive the mistakes of people and deal with them gently and with kindness. Therefore, by
being merciful a Muslim can change the way he or she behaves in life and the whole
perspective in life might also change. The individuals in the society should choose the correct
path of Islam if they want their country to rise rather than to fall as in the Quran the individuals
themselves should show change in their way of life to show Allah that they should be shown
mercy as they show mercy to others. Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) said:
"Those who are the means of good deeds are the same as those who perform good deeds”. We
should live life by the principle of developing relations with others so that they can help us
achieve whatever goals and objectives we have in life. We should continue with a relation as
long as it helps us achieve our goals and those who do not prove useful in achieving our goals or
those who want something from us, we must avoid them. The hadith shows that helping
someone in a good deed is as good as performing the good deed. It shows the importance of
being a means, if someone has the power and chance of being the means, then being means
will be as good as doing the good deed. Therefore, one should opt for selflessness and be a
means of bringing good in the life of others, which will automatically make the life of a person
good as well and show Islam as a religion of compassion for those who do not believe in it.
Another hadith states “Wisdom and knowledge are things that the believer lacks. He should
take them wherever he finds them.” This hadith is perhaps the most important hadith which a
Muslim in Pakistan can understand and implement its essence in life. It is only by wisdom and
knowledge that the life of a person changes, however, in order to do that a Muslim need to
develop that quest for knowledge and wisdom. Therefore, Muslim of today of Pakistan in
particular need to adopt this attitude of striving for learning, so that they could change their life
for better. The hadith of Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) are the pearls of
wisdom which if understood and applied in life can definitely change the life of a Muslim in
Pakistan. Moreover, them being the examples from the life of Prophet (PBUH) it provides the
Muslims a greater chance to relate with them and thus easily apply them in life.
Q5. Sunnah is the next important source after the holy Quran, is defined as the traditions and
customs of the holy prophet (PBUH) or the words, actions and silent assertions of him.
Justification for using the Sunnah as a source of law can be found in the Quran. The Quran
commands Muslims to follow Muhammad. During lifetime, Muhammad made it clear that his
traditions should be followed after his death. The overwhelming majority of Muslims consider
the sunnah to be essential supplements to and clarifications of the Quran. In Islamic
jurisprudence, the Quran contains many rules for the behavior expected of the followers but
there are no specific Quranic rules on many religious and practical matters. Followers of Islam
believe that they can look at the way of life, or sunnah, of Muhammad and his companions to
discover what to imitate and what to avoid. Much of the sunnah is recorded in the Hadith.
Initially, Muhammad (PBUH) had instructed his followers not to write down his acts, so they
may not confuse it with the Quran. However, he did ask his followers to disseminate his sayings
orally. As long as he was alive, any doubt could be confirmed as true or false by simply asking
him. His death, however, gave rise to confusion over Muhammad's conduct. Thus, the Hadith
were established. Due to problems of authenticity, the science of Hadith is established. It is a
method of textual criticism developed by early Muslim scholars in determining the veracity of
reports attributed to Muhammad. This is achieved by analyzing the text of the report, the scale
of the report's transmission, the routes through which the report was transmitted, and the
individual narrators involved in its transmission. On the basis of these criteria, various Hadith
classifications developed. To establish the authenticity of a particular Hadith or report, it had to
be checked by following the chain of transmission. Thus, the reporters had to cite their
reference, and their reference's reference all the way back to Muhammad. All the references in
the chain had to have a reputation for honesty and possessing a good retentive memory. Thus,
biographical analysis, which contains details about the transmitter are scrutinized. This includes
analyzing their date and place of birth; familial connections; teachers and students; religiosity;
moral behavior; literary output; their travels; as well as their date of death. Based upon these
criteria, the reliability of the transmitter is assessed. Also determined is whether the individual
was actually able to transmit the report, which is deduced from their contemporaneity and
geographical proximity with the other transmitters in the chain. The source of Sunnah is used
for the Islamic jurisprudence to elaborate the body of Islamic law.