READING FOR GIST

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Unlike listening and speaking, the skills of reading and writing are not
acquired naturally as we grow up. These two skills, also called literacy
skills, are crucial to success in school and later life.

Literacy in a Digital Age

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In today’s world, expectations for literacy include the use of digital and
online media to communicate and to produce, find, and evaluate
information to meet educational and work demands. Strong reading
and writing skills underpin valued aspects of digital literacy in many
key areas of work and daily life, such as:

• presenting ideas, including organizing a compelling argument, using

multiple media, and integrating media with text;

• using online resources to search for information, evaluate the

quality of that information, and organize information from several
sources; and

• using basic office software to generate texts and multimedia

documents, including writing documents, taking notes, and
preparing displays to support oral presentations.
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EFFECTIVE READING

Reading for academic study can be different from reading for leisure.
When reading a novel you would read the book from cover to cover but
academic reading can be more of a selective process. You will often only
read the chapters or pages that are relevant to the subject you are
researching. By reading effectively you will learn to question and survey
the text you are reading to gain a better understanding of your subject.
By improving your reading skills you can reduce unnecessary reading
time and this will enable you to read in a more focused manner.

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PROCEDURE FOR CALCULATING WORDS CORRECT PER
MINUTE

1. Count the total number of words the student read for each passage.
Compute the average number of words read per minute.

2. Count the number of errors the student made on each passage.

Compute the average number of errors per minute.

3. Subtract the average number of errors read per minute from the
average total number of words read per minute. The result is the
average number of words correct per minute (WCPM).

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PROCEDURE FOR CALCULATING WORDS CORRECT PER
MINUTE

4. Compare the results with published norms or standards to

determine whether students are making suitable progress in their
fluency.

For example, according to one published norm, students who read

approximately 60 words per minute correctly are Slow and
laborious, 90–100 words per minute correctly are uneven mixture
of fast and slow reading, and approximately 114 – 126 words per
minute correctly are consistently conversational.

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Train your Perception

1. NATURE OF READING * Visual Process

"Fixation" is the technical term for the fractional second in which

the eyes focus on a portion of a line of print. During a fixation the
external movement of the eyes stops, an image is trans- mitted to
the brain, and words are read. Then the eyes move slightly to the
right, a new point of fixation is made, and another image is flashed
to the brain.

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MAINTAINING A POSITIVE ATTITUDE

Attitudes and mind-set: Self-confidence cannot be taught by

someone else. You are the teacher and the learner of this most
important path to success.

Wellness of body and mind: As the correct frame of mind is of the

utmost importance to success, so is also the wellness of the body. It
helps greatly if the body itself feels supple and ready to go.
Furthermore, the proper maintenance of the body, in turn, affects the
mind positively. Therefore these two are closely connected.

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MAINTAINING A POSITIVE ATTITUDE

Act successful: Once you have made up your mind to achieve something,
act as if you have already achieved your goal. Keep depression and the
blues behind you. If you are feeling particularly down on a certain day, use
the outdoors to cheer yourself up. Go for a walk, or better still, run or bike.

Negative influences: Whenever you make up your mind to achieve

something, there will be some people who support you and other people
who seem to be working to prevent you from achieving your goal.
Unfortunately, there are usually more of the negative people than the
positive. While you are working on this course or any other self-
improvement program, you need to keep yourself motivated. Keep away
from the people whose hobby seems to be finding fault with programs and
the direction you wish to take. It will help in maintaining your state of
mind, and keep yourself focused on your goal.

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