Basic aim of Physical Education

Fitness has the following aspects,

1.Physical fitness – refers to the ability of an individual to perform his daily task efficiently without
excessive fatigue.

2.Social fitness – is the ability to mingle with different types of people and with interest and concern for
others.

3.Emotional fitness – refers to the ability of an individual to control his emotion or feelings.

4.Mental fitness – is the ability to cope up with the common problems of every day living.

This is the ultimate goal of physical education.

Basic aim of Physical Education

 Share some of your fitness promoting experience/s that are/is related to the aspects of fitness
mention a while ago.

Team Sports

The Nature and Background of Volleyball

 Volleyball is a game in which the players hit a ball back and forth across a net with their hands or
arms.
 It maybe played by all male, all females, or mixed teams with net height adjustments for boys,
girls or age-group differences; and using a variety of playing surfaces wood rubberized
materials , or grass.
 The object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent's
court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent.
 In the game volleyball cooperation of the members of the team is important.

History of Volleyball

 Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan.

 Physical director of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts.
  It was designed as an indoor sports for businessmen who found the game basketball too
vigorous
 In 1896 at a YMCA Conference at Springfield College, Mr. Morgan Publicized a new game. A net
6 feet 6 inches was stretch across the gymnasium.

THE FIRST RULES (written down by W. G. Morgan)

Traits of the game: Borrowed from tennis and handball.

 Net - 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) high

 Court - 25×50 ft (7.6×15.2 m)
 Players - any number of players.
 Match - composed of nine innings with three serves for each team in each inning
 Ball contacts - no limit.
 Serving error - a second try was allowed.
 Foul - hitting the ball into the net (with loss of the point or a side-out)—except in the case of the
first-try serve.

The game was introduced as “Mintonette” but after watching the game a faculty member of Springfield
college, Dr. Alfred T. Halstead, suggested renaming it to volleyball to better reflect the objective of the
game.

Shortly after the game’s invention, Mr. Morgan drew up specification for volleyball.

1900 | This special ball was made for this sport of volleyball. William G. Morgan asked the factory of
A.G. Spalding & Bros. near Chicopee, Massachusetts to create this volleyball.  They created the volleyball
in which consisted of three layers. The first was a latex bladder made from material that is similar to a
bicycle tire, the second was a cheesecloth material, and the third outer layer was leather.

By 1912, several rule changes had been made. Volleyball became popular with schools, colleges,
playground and armed forces.

The game volleyball was introduced to the Philippines by the YMCA in 1910.

1916 | The first demonstration of striking and setting was held in the Philippines. This event sparked the
further creation of the rules within the sport, while leading to this crucial event in 1928.

1928 | The USVBA or the United States Volleyball Association was created due to need for rules and
structure within this sport. Tournaments and rules were needed in which sparked the formation of the
USVBA.
The FIVB – sponsored world volleyball championship (for men only in 1949; for both men and women in
1952 and succeeding years) led to acceptance of standardized playing rules and officiating.

This sport game became an Olympic sports in 1964 during the Tokyo Olympic

The 2000 Olympics, introduced significant rule changes to international competition. One change
created is the “Libero”, a player on each team who serves as a defensive specialist.

Facilities and Equipment in Volleyball

Lines in the Court

1.Service Line

2.Center Line

3.Attack Line

4.Boundary Lines

1. Service Line

The area from which the server may serve the volleyball, is marked 10 feet inside the right sideline on
each back line.

2. Center Line

The centerline is the line that runs underneath the net. This line is the width of the court and divides
the volleyball court into two equal halves.

3. Attack Line

Attack line, whose rear edge is drawn 3ms back from the axis of the center line, marks the front zone.

4. Boundary Lines

Two sidelines and two end lines mark the playing court.

FREE ZONE

ATTACK LINE

ATTACK LINE

CENTER LINE

SIDELINE
END LINE

BALL Standards

 Shall be spherical, made out of flexible leather or synthetic leather case with a bladder inside,
made of rubber or similar material.
 Colors: Uniform light color or a combination of colors.

Standard regulation accdg. to FIVB, the ball must:

 Circumference - between 20-27 inches (65-67 cm).

 Weight - between 9-10 oz. (260-280 g).
 Inside pressure of 4.26- 4.61 psi or between 0.30 to 0.325 kilograms per centimeter square.

BALL

 21.5cm Height
 65cm -67cm Circumference (Approx. )

NET

NET POSTS are positioned 36 feet apart and 3 feet further out from the sidelines

1. Height of the Net

 Placed vertically over the center line.

 Top is set at the height of 2.43m for men and 2.24 for women.

Age groups

16 yrs and under (F,M) 2,24m

14 yrs and under (F,M) 2.12m

12 yrs and under (F,M) 2.00m

2. Structure of the Net

 Net is 1m wide and 9.5-10m long (with 25-50cm on each side of the side bands), made of 10cm
square black mesh.
 Net width- 1meter
 Net height- 9.5 – 10 meters long
 Square black mesh- 10 cm

3. Side Bands
  2 White bands, 5 cm wide (same width as the court lines) and 1m long fastened vertically to
the net and placed above each side line.

4. Antenna

 A flexible rod, 1.80m long and 10mm in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar material.

5. Posts

 Placed at a distance of 0.50-1.00 m outside the side lines. They are 2.55 m high and preferably
adjustable.

ZONES AND AREAS

FRONT ZONE

 Limited by the axis of the center line and the rear edge of the attack line.

BACK ZONE

SERVICE ZONE

 9m wide area behind each end line.

 Laterally limited by two short lines.
 Extends to the end of the free zone.

SUBSTITUTION ZONE

 Limited by the extension of both attach lines up to the scorer’s table.

LIBERO REPLACEMENT ZONE

 Part of the free zone on the side of the team benches.

 Limited by the extension of the attack line up to the end line.

WARM-UP AREA

 (For FIVB, World and Official Competitions)

 Sized approx. 3x3m located in both of the bench-side corners, -outside the free zone.

PENALTY AREA

 Sized approx. 1x1m equipped with two chairs, located in the control area.
 Limited by a 5cm wide red line

BASIC PRINCIPLES

 Don’t let the ball hit the floor on your side of the net
  The primary objective in volleyball is make the ball hit the floor on the opponent’s side of the
court, while simultaneously preventing it from dropping on your side.
 Three contacts/hits per side
 Each team is allowed a maximum of three contacts before it must send the ball back over the
net.
 Players must rotate clockwise
 In volleyball, six players rotate clockwise through six different positions on their side of the net.
There are three front row positions (left front, middle front, and right front) and three back
row positions (left back, middle back, and right back). Teams rotate with each new server.
 No player can hit the ball twice in succession
 A player may not cause the ball to come to a rest during contact
 The net is off-limits

THE GAME PLAY

DURING THE PLAY

 Maximum of three hits per side.

 Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not considered a hit).
 A ball touching a boundary line is good.
 A legal hit is contact with the ball by a player body above and including the waist which does
not allow the ball to visibly come to a rest.
 A player must not block or attack a serve.
 Switching positions will be allowed only between front line players. ( After the serve only ).

The Serve

 Server must serve from behind the end line until after contact
 Ball may be served underhand or overhand.
 Served ball may graze the net and drop to the other side for
 point.
 First game serve is determined by a volley, each succeeding game shall be served by the
previous game loser.
 Serve must be returned by a bump only. no setting or
 attacking a serve.

Substitution

 There are a set number of substitutions allotted per game (the specific amount differs according
to league and/or level of play).
 A player may substitute into the game only during dead ball situations.
  To enter the game, a coach or player must request a substitution from the official, after which
the substitute must enter the substitution zone and wait for the referee’s approval.

Scoring

 Rally scoring will be used.

 There will be a point scored on every score of the ball.
 Offense will score on a defense miss or out of bounds hit.
 Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, or serve into the net.
 Game will be played to 25 pts.
 Must win by 2 points.

Rotation

 Team will rotate each time they win the serve

 Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner
 There shall be 4-6 players on each side.