INTRODUCTION: -

The dry density of the compacted soil or pavement material is a common measure
of the amount of the compaction
com paction achieved during the construction. Knowing the
 field density & field moisture content, the dry density is calculated therefore field

density test is importance as a field control test for the compaction of soil or any
an y
other pavement layer. Core cutter method in particular, is suitable for soft to
medium cohesive soils, in which the cutter can be driven 

Purpose:

Field density is used in calculating the stress in the soil due to its overburden
pressure it is needed in estimating the bearing capacity of soil foundation system,
settlement of footing earth pressures behind the retaining walls & embankments.
Stability of natural slopes, dams, embankments & cuts is checked with the help of
density of those soils. It is the density that controls the field compaction of soils.
Permeability of soils depends upon its density. Relative density of cohesion less
soils is determined by knowing the dry density of soil in natural, loosest & densest
states. Void ratio, porosity & degree of saturation need the help of density of soil.

 Apparatus:

   Cylindrical Core Cutter(inner dia=4in and outer dia=4.5in height=6in with

dolly and without dolly height is 5in) 
   Steel Rammer  
   Straight edge 
  

Oven
  Balance
   Spade
   Moisture cane 

Procedure:

  Weight empty core cutter (with dolly) as w1. 

 
Press core cutter in respective place with the help of steel rammer
 

  Now wt. it with sample as w2. 

  Wt. Of soil in the core cutter=w2-w1 

  Now take a representative soil in moisture cane and place it for 24 hours

and determine the moisture content. 

  Use this relationship for bulk density  Ύb=W2-W1/V 

  And for dry density use this relation. Ύd= Ύb/1+w%/100 

  Volume of cylindrical core cutter is =π*d 2*h/4 

Observations and Calculations:

W1=Wt. of empty core cutter with detachable drive head =1.51kg 

W2=Wt. Of core cutter with dolly + wet soil=3.63kg

So w2-w1=2.12kg 

 Ύb=W2-W1/V=2.12/
=W2-W1/V=2.12/1.235*10^-3=1716.59N/m3 
1.235*10^-3=1716.59N/m

And  Ύd= Ύb/1+w%/100=1716.59/1+10/100=1560.53N/m 3